Your search found 23 records
1 Ahmad, Mobin-ud-Din; Masih, Ilyas; Turral, Hugh; Giordano, Mark; Masood, Zubair. 2006. Opportunities and challenges in saving water and improving productivity through resource conservation technologies: Examples from Pakistan. In International Workshop on Water Saving Technologies, Amritsar, Punjab, India, 22-24 February 2006. New Delhi, India: United States Educational Foundation in India. pp.120-139.
Water conservation ; Groundwater ; Tank irrigation ; Conjunctive use ; Water balance ; Rice ; Wheat ; Cropping systems ; Farming systems ; Zero tillage / Pakistan / Punjab / Rechna Doab
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.2 G730 AHM Record No: H039622)
2 Ahmad, Mobin-ud-Din; Turral, Hugh; Masih, Ilyas; Giordano, Mark; Masood, Zubair. 2007. Water saving technologies: myths and realities revealed in Pakistan’s rice-wheat systems. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 38p. (IWMI Research Report 108) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.108]
Water conservation ; Rice ; Wheat ; Water scarcity ; Canals ; Groundwater irrigation ; Zero tillage / Pakistan / Punjab / Rechna Doab
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.2 G730 AHM Record No: H039765)
(990KB)
This study uses both farmer surveys and physical measurements to understand the impact RCTs have had on water use and water savings in the irrigated Rice-Wheat Zone of Pakistan's Punjab province. The findings show that field scale water savings achieved from RCTs is not necessarily equivalent to water savings at broader scales and may even result in an increase in overall water depletion.
3 Masih, Ilyas; Khan, Abdul Hakeem; Turral, Hugh; Chaudhry, Muhammad Rafiq. 2006. Issues and challenges in the adoption of resource conservation technologies: A case study from rice-wheat system of the Pakistan’s Punjab. In International Conference on Agricultural Engineering : Issues and Strategies. Agricultural University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 16-18 February, 2006. 18p.
Rice ; Wheat ; Cropping systems ; Watercourses ; Water balance ; Zero tillage / Pakistan / Punjab / Sheikhupura District / Indus River
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.2 G730 MAS Record No: H039810)
4 Jehangir, Waqar; Masih, Ilyas; Ahmed, Shehzad; Gill, M. A.; Ahmad, M.; Mann, R. A.; Chaudhary, M. R.; Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Turral, Hugh. 2007. Sustaining crop water productivity in rice-wheat systems of South Asia: A case study from the Punjab, Pakistan. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) 37p. (IWMI Working Paper 115) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.298]
Rice ; Wheat ; Cereals ; Irrigated farming ; Zero tillage ; Watercourses ; Water balance ; Productivity ; Water table ; Groundwater ; Water quality / Pakistan / Punjab / Sheikhupura District
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 633.18 G730 JEH Record No: H039915)
(559KB)
5 Ahmad, Mobin-ud-Din; Giordano, Mark; Turral, Hugh; Masih, Ilyas; Masood, Zubair. 2007. At what scale does water saving really save water? Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 62(2):29A-35A.
Water conservation ; Zero tillage ; Canals ; Water scarcity ; Groundwater irrigation ; Farming systems / Pakistan / Rechna Doab / Indus Basin / Sind Province
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G730 AHM Record No: H040124)
6 Pender, J.; Place, F.; Ehui, S. (Eds.) 2006. Strategies for sustainable land management in the East African highlands. Washington, DC, USA: IFPRI. 483p.
Land management ; Land use ; Highlands ; Public policy ; Crop production ; Households ; Income ; Economic analysis ; Livestock ; Zero tillage ; Food security / East Africa / Kenya / Ethiopia / Uganda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.76 G132 PEN Record No: H040276)
7 Waibel, H.; Zilberman, D. (Eds.) 2007. International research on natural resource management: advances in impact assessment. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Rome, Italy: FAO. 270p.
Natural resources management ; Impact assessment ; Agricultural research ; Research institutes ; Research projects ; Models ; Case studies ; Zero tillage ; Cropping systems ; Cassava ; Fisheries ; Agroforestry ; Livestock ; Irrigation management ; Forestry ; Pest control ; Alley cropping ; Atriplex / Vietnam / Thailand / Malawi / Zambia / Morocco / Tunisia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.1 G000 WAI Record No: H040638)
8 Erenstein, O.; Farooq, U.; Malik, R. K.; Sharif, M. 2007. Adoption and impacts of zero tillage as a resource conserving technology in the irrigated plains of South Asia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 49p. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Research Report 019) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.374]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.2 G570 ERE Record No: H040663)
(658.1 KB)
The recent stagnation of productivity growth in the irrigated areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia has led to a quest for resourceconserving technologies that can save water, reduce production costs and improve production. The present synthesis of two detailed country studies confirmed widespread adoption of zero tillage (ZT) wheat in the rice-wheat systems of India’s Haryana State (34.5% of surveyed households) and Pakistan’s Punjab province (19%). The combination of a significant “yield effect” and “cost-saving effect” makes adoption worthwhile and is the main driver behind the rapid spread and widespread acceptance of ZT in Haryana, India. In Punjab, Pakistan, adoption is driven by the significant ZT-induced cost savings for wheat cultivation. Thus, the prime driver for ZT adoption is not water savings or natural resource conservation but monetary gain in both sites. Water savings are only a potential added benefit. ZT adoption for wheat has accelerated from insignificant levels from 2000 onwards in both sites. Geographic penetration of ZT is far from uniform, suggesting the potential for further diffusion, particularly in Haryana, India. Diffusion seems to have stagnated in the Punjab study area, and further follow-up studies are needed to confirm this. The study also revealed significant dis-adoption of ZT in the survey year: Punjab, Pakistan 14 percent and Haryana, India 10 percent. Better understanding the rationale for dis-adoption merits further scrutiny. Our findings suggest that there is no clear single overarching constraint but that a combination of factors is at play, including technology performance, technology access, seasonal constraints and, particularly in the case of Punjab, Pakistan, the institutional ZT controversy. In terms of technology performance, the relative ZT yield was particularly influential: dis-adopters of ZT reporting low ZT yields as a major contributor to farmer disillusionment in Punjab, Pakistan and the lack of a significant yield effect in Haryana, India. In neither site did the ZT-induced time savings in land preparation translate into timelier establishment, contributing to the general lack of a yield increase. Knowledge blockages, resource constraints and ZT drill cost and availability all contributed to nonadoption. This suggests that there is potential to further enhance access to this technology and thereby its penetration. The study highlights that in both Haryana, India and Punjab, Pakistan ZT has been primarily adopted by the larger and more productive farmers. The structural differences between the adopters and non-adopters/dis-adopters in terms of resource base, crop management and performance thereby easily confound the assessment of ZT impact across adoption categories. This calls for the comparison of the ZT plots and conventional tillage plots on adopter farms. ZT-induced effects primarily apply to the establishment and production costs of the wheat crop. Both the Haryana, India and Punjab, Pakistan studies confirmed significant ZT-induced resource-saving effects in farmers’ fields in terms of diesel and tractor time for wheat cultivation. Water savings are, however, less pronounced than expected from on-farm trial data. It was only in Haryana, India that there were significant ZTinduced water savings in addition to significant yield enhancement. The higher yield and water savings in Haryana, India result in significantly Abstract vi higher water productivity indicators for ZT wheat. In both sites, there are limited implications for the overall wheat crop management, the subsequent rice crop and the rice-wheat system as a whole. The ZT-induced yield enhancement and cost savings provide a much needed boost to the returns to, and competitiveness of, wheat cultivation in Haryana, India. In Punjab, Pakistan, ZT is primarily a cost-saving technology. Based on these findings the study provides a number of recommendations for research and development in South Asia’s rice-wheat systems.
9 Humphreys, E.; Masih, Ilyas; Kukal, S. S.; Turral, Hugh; Sikka, A. 2007. Increasing field-scale water productivity of rice-wheat systems in the Indo-Gangetic Basin. In Aggarwal, P. K.; Ladha, J. K.; Singh, R. K.; Devakumar, C.; Hardy, B. (Eds.). Science, technology, and trade for peace and prosperity. Proceedings of the 26th International Rice Research Conference, 9-12 October 2006, New Delhi, India. Los Baños (Philippines) and New Delhi (India): International Rice Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences. New Delhi, India: Macmillan India Ltd. pp.321-341.
Rice ; Wheat ; Water conservation ; Irrigated farming ; Evapotranspiration ; Zero tillage ; Mulching / India / Pakistan / Indo-Gangetic Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.2 G635 HUM Record No: H040738)
10 Nangia, Vinay; Du, Jian Tao; Ahmad, Mobin-ud-Din; Yan, Changrong. 2007. Modeling field-scale effects of conservation agriculture practices on soil water balance in the dryland regions of the Yellow River Basin, China. Paper presented at the 3rd International Yellow River Forum, Dongying, China, Oct 16-18, 2007. 12p.
Crop management ; Maize ; Tillage ; Soil water ; Water balance ; Simulation models ; Decision support tools ; River basins ; Erosion ; Zero tillage ; Mulching / China / Yellow River Basin / Shou Yang County
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630 G592 NAN Record No: H040740)
Soil erosion by water is a severe problem for sustainability of agricultural systems in the dryland regions of the Yellow River Basin. Conservation agriculture (featuring reduced or zero tillage, mulch retention, crop rotations and cover crops) offers a possible solution. Conservation agriculture systems typically result in increased crop water availability, agro-ecosystem productivity and reduced soil erosion. To evaluate the potential of conservation agriculture to improve soil water balance and agricultural productivity, the DSSAT crop model was calibrated using the data of field experiment in Shou Yang County in the semi-arid northeastern part of the ellow River Basin. Its average annual precipitation is 472mm -75% of which falls during the rowing season. The site had a maize-fallow-maize rotation. We used two crop seasons-2005 and 2006 data from four treatments for calibration and analyses. The treatments were: conventional tillage (CT), no-till with straw mulching (NTSM), all-straw with return till (ASRT) and 1/3rd residue left with rolling till (RRT). The calibration results gave satisfactory agreement between field observed and model predicted values for crop yield and soil moisture contents for the 150cm soil profile for all treatments with difference between observed and predicted values being in the range of 3-25% for maize yield and RMSE in the range of 0.14-0.19cm3/cm3 for observed average soil moisture content. The predicted water productivity for the four treatments during dry year (precipitation 39% less than normal) was 1.59, 1.78, 1.67 and 1.52 kg/m3. and 1.70, 1.71, 1.71 and 1.70kg/m3 during the normal precipitation year (424.8 mm) for CT, NTSM, ASRT and RRT treatments, respectively. During the dry year, CT treatment produced highest ET (226mm) but NTSM treatment produced the highest crop yield (5736kg/ha)-suggesting that evaporative losses from CT treatment were higher than other NTSM treatment. During normal precipitation year, however, CT treatment produced highest ET (326mm) along with highest crop yield (6335kg/ha). During dry year, predicted moisture storage (_S) in the 150cm soil profile increased by 60% more for NTSM treatment compared to CT treatment. During normal precipitation fallow period, NTSM treatment predicted _S decreased by 63% less than CT treatment. These preliminary results are based on a two-year dataset and further long term analyses need to be carried out for improving the understanding of the conservation agriculture cropping systems in the Yellow River Basin.
11 Goddard, T.; Zoebisch, M. A.; Gan, Y.; Ellis, W.; Watson, A.; Sombatpanit, S. (Eds.) 2008. No-till farming systems. Special publication no.3. Bangkok, Thailand: World Association of Soil and Water Conservation; Penang, Malaysia: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), South East Asia Office; and others. 544p.
Zero tillage ; Livestock ; Cropping systems ; Soil fertility ; Soil properties ; Soil management ; Conservation tillage ; Irrigated farming ; Case studies ; Rainfed farming ; Infiltration ; Soil water ; Crop production ; Wheat ; Maize ; Cotton ; Carbon sequestration ; Agroecology / USA / Europe / Brazil / Zimbabwe / India / Laos / Madagascar / Australia / New Zealand / Hungary / Romania / Kenya / Cameroon / Mali / Morocco / China / Micronesia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631 G000 GOD Record No: H041263)
Thirty-four contributions from renowned experts and practitioners around the world provide a comprehensive review of the rapid growth of no-till, the barriers that have been overcome and the challenges that still lie ahead. Chapters cover current research and new directions as well as policy needs, adoption and extension.
12 Reicosky, D. C. 2008. Carbon sequestration and environmental benefits from no-till systems. In Goddard, T.; Zoebisch, M. A.; Gan, Y.; Ellis, W.; Watson, A.; Sombatpanit, S. (Eds.). No-till farming systems. Special publication no.3. Bangkok, Thailand: World Association of Soil and Water Conservation. Co-published by IWMI et al. pp.43-58.
Carbon sequestration ; Environmental effects ; Zero tillage ; Conservation tillage ; Soil management
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631 G000 GOD Record No: H041264)
13 Lienhard, P.; Tran Quoc, H.; Khamxaykhay, C.; Sosomphou, T.; Tivet, F.; Lestrelin, Guillaume; Panyasiri, K.; Seguy, L. 2008. Improving smallholder livelihoods, and watershed and soil management through conservation agriculture in the Lao PDR. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Sloping Lands and Watershed Management, Luang Prabang, Lao PDR, December 12-15, 2006. Luang Prabang, Laos: National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute (NAFRI) pp.59-75.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630 G708 LIE Record No: H041649)
http://www.mekonginfo.org/mrc_en/doclib.nsf/0/E1DFBBEFB9263E6B4725724A00123F75/$FILE/05_abstr_tivet_panyasiri.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041649.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041649.pdf
14 Qadir, Manzoor. 2009. Turning environmental burdens into economic opportunities. ICARDA-IWMI Joint Program - Marginal-quality Water Resources and Salt-affected Soils, program update, October 2003 - March 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). 19p.
Water scarcity ; Water shortage ; Water quality ; Soil salinity ; Water resource management ; Irrigated farming ; Zero tillage ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water reuse ; Groundwater irrigation ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Soil degradation ; Water productivity ; Livestock ; Development projects / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Turkmenistan / Kazakhstan / Mediterranean countries / Middle East / Syria / Karkheh River Basin / Euphrates-Aleppo Basin / Qweik River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G000 QAD Record No: H042133)
http://www.icarda.org/docrep/Brochures/Turning_environmental.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042133.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042133.pdf
(1.42 MB)
15 Weligamage, Parakrama; Godaliyadda, G. G. A.; Jinapala, K. (Eds.) 2010. Proceedings of the National Conference on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 9-11 June 2009. Vol. 1. Irrigation for food security. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 160p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2010.210]
Food security ; Climate change ; River basins ; Water shortage ; Irrigated farming ; Water quality ; Tanks ; Aquatic plants ; Rice ; Food insecurity ; Water resource management ; Zero tillage ; Weed control ; Agroforestry ; Canals ; Surface runoff ; Remote sensing / Sri Lanka / Deduru Oya Basin / Anuradhapura District / Mi Oya River Basin / Inginimitiya Irrigation System / Yan Oya watershed / Aluth Divulwewa sub watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G744 WEL Record No: H042888)
(2.97 MB)
This is the first volume on the proceedings of the national conference on ‘Water for Food and Environment’, which was held from June 9–11, 2009 at the Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall (BMICH). The volumes two and three have been produced as separate documents of this report series. In response to a call for abstracts, 81 abstracts were received from government institutes dealing with water resources and agriculture development, also from universities, other freelance researchers and researchers from the International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Forty Seven of the eighty-one abstracts that were submitted were accepted for compiling full papers. In the past couple of years the sharp increase in food prices worldwide has raised serious concerns about food security, especially in developing countries. To effectively address these concerns a holistic approach is required that encompasses improved agricultural water productivity, adaptation to climate change, targeted and appropriate institutional and financial measures, and a consideration of environmental issues. The main purpose of the conference was to share experiences in these areas and to find opportunities to improve farmers’ incomes and food production, and to promote environmentally sustainable practices in Sri Lanka in the face of growing water scarcity and the challenges of climate change.
16 Jayawardena, S. N.; Abeysekera, S. W.; Gunathilaka, N.; Herath, H. M. J. K. 2010. Potential for zero-tillage technique in rice and other field crop cultivation in rice-based cropping systems in the dry and intermediate zones of Sri Lanka. In Weligamage, Parakrama; Godaliyadda, G. G. A.; Jinapala, K. (Eds.). Proceedings of the National Conference on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 9- 11 June 2009. Vol. 1. Irrigation for food security. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.65-74.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G744 WEL Record No: H042895)
The high production cost and scarcity of water for crop cultivation are some of the major problems faced by farmers in many rice-based cropping systems in the country. In many crop production systems, around 15-20 % of the total cost of production accounts for tillage/land preparation, such activities also consume around 15 % of the total water requirement. Hence, it is important to adopt technologies that would save water and reduce the cost of cultivation without sacrificing the yield. This paper discusses the adoption of zero-tillage crop establishments in rice and other field crop cultivation in paddy fields in the dry and intermediate zones. Zero-tillage conditions were created by applying the total weed killer, ‘Glyphosate’ after the fields were drained and subsequently establishing crops without tillage. Results of six seasons on rice cultivation show that the rice crop could be established under zero-tillage conditions (without tillage) without significantly affecting the yield. This practice helps to cut down the total cost of cultivation by around 15 %, and save water at least for a period of 1-2 weeks, and shorten considerably, the time taken for land preparation. Similarly, many crops such as green gram, cowpea, black gram and maize could be cultivated under zero-tillage conditions. Experiences show that zero-tillage technology has many advantages over conventional tillage. Hence, more attention needs to be given to develop the appropriate machinery to suit zero-tillage conditions and at the same time, to fine-tune technologies to suit the different cropping systems as well.
17 Goddard, T.; Zoebisch, M. A.; Gan, Y.; Ellis, W.; Watson, A.; Sombatpanit, S. (Eds.) 2008. No-till farming systems. Special publication no.3. Bangkok, Thailand: World Association of Soil and Water Conservation; Penang, Malaysia: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), South East Asia Office; and others. 544p.
Zero tillage ; Livestock ; Cropping systems ; Soil fertility ; Soil properties ; Soil management ; Conservation tillage ; Irrigated farming ; Case studies ; Rainfed farming ; Infiltration ; Soil water ; Crop production ; Wheat ; Maize ; Cotton ; Carbon sequestration ; Agroecology / USA / Europe / Brazil / Zimbabwe / India / Laos / Madagascar / Australia / New Zealand / Hungary / Romania / Kenya / Cameroon / Mali / Morocco / China / Micronesia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631 G000 GOD c2 Record No: H043633)
Thirty-four contributions from renowned experts and practitioners around the world provide a comprehensive review of the rapid growth of no-till, the barriers that have been overcome and the challenges that still lie ahead. Chapters cover current research and new directions as well as policy needs, adoption and extension.
18 Rosegrant, M. W.; Koo, J.; Cenacchi, N.; Ringler, C.; Robertson, R.; Fisher, M.; Cox, C.; Garrett, K.; Perez, N. D.; Sabbagh, P. 2014. Food security in a world of natural resource scarcity: the role of agricultural technologies. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 154p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896298477]
Food security ; Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Technology transfer ; Yields ; Rice ; Wheat ; Maize ; Models ; Climate change ; Drought tolerance ; Plant protection ; Farmers ; Cropping systems ; Zero tillage ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Water harvesting ; Soil fertility / South Asia / East Asia / Africa South of Sahara / Latin America / Caribbean / Middle East / North Africa / North America / Western Europe / Eastern Europe / Central Asia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.7966 G000 ROS Record No: H046529)
http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/oc76.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046529.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046529.pdf
(5.56 MB) (5.56 MB)
19 Botha, J. J.; Anderson, J. J.; Van Staden, P. P. 2015. Rainwater harvesting and conservation tillage increase maize yields in South Africa. Water Resources and Rural Development, 6:66-77. (Special issue: Managing Rainwater and Small Reservoirs in Sub-Saharan Africa). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wrr.2015.04.001]
Rainwater ; Water harvesting ; Water productivity ; Water conservation ; Techniques ; Conventional tillage ; Minimum tillage ; Zero tillage ; Mechanical harvesting ; Soils ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Maize ; On farm research ; Farmers ; Rural areas / South Africa / Eastern Cape / Limpopo / Free State
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047514)
(0.23 MB)
Poverty and food insecurity are common amongst rural communities in the sub-Saharan African region. The rural population of South Africa is not excluded from poverty. With normal conventional tillage practices, crop failures are common on marginal soils in semi-arid areas with low and erratic rainfall. Therefore, selected rural communities in the Eastern Cape, Limpopo and Free State Provinces of South Africa were introduced to appropriate rainwater harvesting and conservation agricultural techniques to contribute towards the reduction of food insecurity through improved maize yields. Conventional tillage, no-till, minimum tillage, mechanized basins, in-field rainwater harvesting and the Daling plough were tested in on-station and on-farm field experiments over three to five maize growing seasons (2008/09–2011/13). The rainwater harvesting (in-field rainwater harvesting and Daling plough) and conservation (mechanized basins, no-till and minimum tillage) techniques resulted in slightly higher yields than conventional tillage due to their potential to conserve rainwater better and to harvest additional rainwater. Conventional tillage, no-till and minimum tillage had lower grain yields because they lost on average 18% of the total rainfall to ex-field runoff. The rainwater productivity of the Daling plough treatment was very similar to that of in-field rainwater harvesting, followed by mechanized basins, conventional tillage and no-till or minimum tillage.
20 Rajurkar, G. B.; Patel, N.; Natarajan, Rajmohan; Rajput, T. B. S.; Prathapar, S. A.; Varghese, C. 2016. Irrigation application efficiency and uniformity of water distribution using multi-outlet pipe and resource conservation technologies. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(4):1868-1877.
Irrigation efficiency ; Irrigation systems ; Irrigation water ; Water distribution ; Water storage ; Pipe drainage ; Resource conservation ; Technology ; Zero tillage ; Crop production ; Seasonal cropping ; Planting ; Cultivation ; Wheat ; Farmers ; Soil water / India / Haryana State / Karnal District / Karnal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048909)
https://journals.ansfoundation.org/index.php/jans/article/view/1055/1014
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048909.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048909.pdf
(1.25 MB)
Irrigation experiments were conducted during November to April under wheat crop in the winter season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 in the farmer’s field at Galibkhedi village located in Karnal District, Haryana State, India. In the study, collapsible multi-outlet pipe (MOP) along with single outlets pipe (SOP) was tested in farmer’s field under wheat cultivation. Irrigation was carried out in five treatments including tillage (T) with SOP and MOP; zero-tillage (ZT) with SOP and MOP, and furrow irrigation with raised bed (FIRB). Iso-time profile of waterfront spreading and advance indicated that irrigation water distribution was uniform under the plot irrigated using MOP as compared to plot irrigated using SOP. In addition, water distribution was uniform under zero tilled plots as compared to tilled plot. Results implied that MOP has several advantages over SOP in terms of application efficiency (AE) and uniformity of water distribution. Average application efficiency for the first study year was found to be in the order of ZT-MOP (82.41%) > FIRB (76.79%) > ZT-SOP (75.25%) > T-MOP (74.85%) > T-SOP (69.79%). Average application efficien-cy for the second study year was found to be in the same order as first year with some deviation in values. In the second year values of mean application efficiencies were ZT-MOP (82.58%) > FIRB (77.13%) > ZT-SOP (73.04%) > T-MOP (69.65%) > T-SOP (66.13%). Overall, this study concludes that irrigation under wheat crop using collapsible multi-outlet pipe (MOP) with zero tillage practices is a suitable option for surface irrigation that accomplishes uniform distribution of water with higher application efficiency.
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