Your search found 47 records
1 USAID. 2000. Towards a water secure future: USAID’s obligations in water resources management for FY 2000. Washington, DC, USA: USAID. 82p. + Annexes.
Water resource management ; Institutions ; Water scarcity ; Water supply ; Sanitation ; Wastewater management ; Natural resources management ; Public health ; Urbanization ; Groundwater ; Water use ; Coral reefs ; Food security ; Natural disasters ; Climate change
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 USA Record No: H040393)
2 Xenarios, Stefanos; Bithas, K. 2009. Valuating the receiving waters of urban wastewater systems through a stakeholder-based approach. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 25(1):123-140. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900620802517582]
Wastewater management ; Wastewater treatment ; Ecology ; Assessment ; Stakeholders ; Economic aspects ; Decision making / Greece / Saronikos Bay / Athens
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041817)
The valuation of ecological services in European aquatic ecosystems is increasingly deemed to be an essential element for the integrated management concept pursued by the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC). However, the assessment methods are often doubted for their objectivity and transparency when based on the elicitation of stated preferences. The current research attempted to explicitly focus on the biases linked with the stakeholders participating in assessing methods operating with stated preferences. The most significant stakeholder groups were classified in three broad teams of Experts, DecisionMakers and Affected Professions. The three teams’ preferences were in turn assessed in economic and non-economic terms for the accentuation of the high fluctuation among the findings, and the threatening biases emerged in the sourcing of stated preference methods. The wastewater treatment plant in Athens, Greece and Saronikos Bay offered a sound case study.
3 Qadir, Manzoor. (Ed.) 2008. Sustainable management of wastewater for agriculture: proceedings of the First Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 11-15 November 2007. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 133p.
Wastewater management ; Crop production ; Rural communities ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water reuse ; Food security ; Sewage sludge ; Heavy metals ; Water quality ; Organic compounds ; Groundwater ; Farming systems ; Polluted soils ; Sanitation / Middle East / Africa / Jordan / Lebanon / Syria / Sudan / Uganda / Pakistan / Kampala / Jordan Valley
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 GG30 QAD Record No: H041867)
http://www.icarda.org/docrep/Books/First_Bridging_Workshop.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041867.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041867.pdf
(1.27 MB) (1.09MB)
4 Bahri, Akissa; Drechsel, Pay; Brissaud, F. 2008. Water reuse in Africa: challenges and opportunities. Paper presented at the First African Water Week, “Accelerating Water Security for Socio-Economic Development of Africa”, Tunis, Tunisia, 26-28 March 2008. 16p.
Water reuse ; Wastewater irrigation ; Wastewater management ; Urban agriculture ; Urbanization ; Food security ; Population growth ; Water supply ; Sanitation ; Participatory management ; Stakeholders / Africa / Ethiopia / Ghana / Tunisia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041872)
(0.11 MB) (0.11)
5 Assayed, A. K. 2008. Gray wastewater management: sustainable options for crop production in the East Mediterranean Region. In Qadir, Manzoor (Ed.) 2008. Sustainable management of wastewater for agriculture: proceedings of the First Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 11-15 November 2007. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.25-31.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 GG30 QAD Record No: H042139)
http://www.icarda.org/Announcement/2009/Int_Workshop_on_Saline_Water/2008ProcFirstBridgingWorkshop.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041867.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041867.pdf
6 Assayed, M.; Suleiman, W.; Hayek, B.; Dalahmeh, S. 2008. Meeting the Dublin principles in graywater management in rural communities in the northeastern Badia of Jordan. In Qadir, Manzoor (Ed.) 2008. Sustainable management of wastewater for agriculture: proceedings of the First Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 11-15 November 2007. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.32-43.
Water resource management ; Rural communities ; Community involvement ; Research projects ; Wastewater management ; Water quality ; Water reuse ; Filters ; Wastewater treatment ; Women / Jordan / Northeastern Badia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 GG30 QAD Record No: H042140)
http://www.icarda.org/Announcement/2009/Int_Workshop_on_Saline_Water/2008ProcFirstBridgingWorkshop.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041867.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041867.pdf
7 Dissanayake, Priyanka. 2009. The role of pollution prevention strategies, best management practices and cleaner production in hospital wastewater management. Paper presented at the International Perspective on Environmental and Water Resources Conference, (2nd Developing Nations Conference) of the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) and Environmental and Water Resources Institute (EWRI) of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Bangkok, Thailand, 5-7 January 2009. 8p.
Hospitals ; Effluents ; Wastewater management ; Water Pollution Control ; Best practices ; Guidelines ; Pollutants ; Toxic substances ; Public health ; Health hazards ; Constraints ; Pollution control / Sri Lanka / Bangladesh / Kurunegala / Wan Ela / Beu Ela / Wilgoda Anicut
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042123)
(0.33 MB)
Hospital effluents can be especially hazardous and toxic due to their content of chemical, pathogenic and bio-hazardous wastes. Many of these toxic pollutants are not fully removed or neutralized by traditional municipal wastewater treatment plants, which are primarily designed to address parameters such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), etc. They are also not easily removed by filtration, settling or flocculation. The common disposal of liquid waste from hospitals into the municipal network collection system or in cesspits is of serious concern and it requires swift and effective address. Wastewater from hospitals contains pollutants that are hazardous and require on-site management to prevent contaminating the city’s sewage system and other surface waters. Unlike industrial operations that typically have a few large volume waste streams; hospitals generate different volumes of a wide variety of wastes and emissions. Most important chemicals in hospital wastewater are disinfectants (due to their major use in hospital practice), antibiotics, cytostatic agents, anesthetics, heavy metals (silver, chromium, zinc, lead, copper, platinum, and mercury), rare earth elements (gadolinium, indium, and osmium) and iodinated X-ray contrast media. Pollution prevention strategies and Best Management Practices (BMPs) to pollutant load reduction at the source is the best solution available to overcome this problem. The pollutant load reduction can be initiated by applying pollution prevention strategies and Best Management Practices (BMPs) to practices that use these chemicals. The goal of pollution prevention in healthcare environments is the same as throughout industry do to eliminate and/or reduce pollution at the source. The major difference when undertaking pollution prevention at healthcare facilities is that they do not manufacture a ‘product’, operate a fabrication ‘process’ or generate waste materials that can be readily recycled, reused or reprocessed. Therefore, the role of Pollution Prevention Strategies, Best Management Practices and Cleaner Production will be somewhat different than other industrial sectors. Pollution Prevention Strategies, Best Management Practices and Cleaner Production applicable to hospital wastewater management in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh are addressed in this paper.
8 Ahmed, R.; Robinson, C.; Clemett, Alexandra. 2009. Management and treatment of urban wastewater for irrigation in Rajshahi, Bangladesh: WASPA Asia Project. Dhaka, Bangladesh: NGO Forum for Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation. 34p.
Wastewater irrigation ; Urban areas ; Development projects ; Wastewater management ; Training ; Hygiene ; Crop management ; Wastewater treatment ; Sanitation ; Participatory management ; Stakeholders ; Farmers ; Institutions ; Organizations ; Health hazards ; Water quality ; Solid wastes ; Waste management ; Pumps ; Pollution control / Bangladesh / Rajshahi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G584 AHM Record No: H042289)
(12.54 MB)
9 Xenarios, Stefanos. 2009. Developing an ecological-economic assessment framework for urban wastewater systems: the case of Athens and Vils wastewater systems. Urban Water Journal, 6(2):147-167. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/15730620802673061]
Wastewater management ; Urbanization ; Case studies ; Rivers ; Ecology ; Valuation ; Economic aspects ; Economic evaluation / Greece / Austria / Athens / Psytallia / Saronikos Bay / Vils River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042268)
(3.22 MB)
To achieve a good ecological status as proposed by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EEC) large investments from urban wastewater authorities are required. The Directive anticipates that cost-effective plans and their economic benefits will offset the high costs required for wastewater upgrading projects. However, urban waste water authorities claim that cost-effective measures are already in place and that little improvement can be made. Current valuation studies have focused either on ecological elements or economic aspects without offering persuading evidence on the cost versus benefits of upgrading projects. To this aim, the current study developed an ecological-economic valuation framework for the comparative assessment of the ecologically sustainable levels in receiving waters and the associated economic effects. The central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Athens (Greece) and the small treatment plant in Vils (Austria) are used as representative case studies.
10 Ridderstolpe, P. 2004. Introduction to greywater management. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute; Stockholm, Sweden: Swedish Research and Development project EcoSanRes. 19p. (EcoSanRes Publications Series Report 2004-4)
Wastewater management ; Households ; Water quality ; Pollution control ; Storage structures ; Tanks ; Wastewater treatment ; Filters ; Construction ; Infiltration ; Pipes ; Wastewater irrigation ; Irrigation systems
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042305)
http://www.ecosanres.org/pdf_files/ESR_Publications_2004/ESR4web.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042305.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042305.pdf
(2.20 MB)
The aim of the report is to give a comprehensive description of the main components in successful greywater management. The system perspective is emphasized, i.e. to prevent pollution by measures at the point of origin as well as using appropriate techniques for purifying water with the endeavour to reuse it or return it to nature in a responsible way. Examples as well as recommendations are given for designing and dimensioning treatment systems. It should be stressed that there is still little knowledge and experience of greywater treatment in urban areas and in different climates. Most experiences are from cold climate regions, but the rapid ongoing development in ecosan throughout the world will probably bring about a lot of new insights in the field in the coming years.
11 Mekala, Gayathri Devi; Davidson, B.; Samad, Madar; Boland, A. M. 2008. A framework for efficient wastewater treatment and recycling systems. Irrigation Australia Journal, 23(3):32-35.
Water reuse ; Recycling ; Wastewater management ; Wastewater treatment ; Cost benefit analysis ; Operating costs ; Wastewater irrigation ; Cost benefit analysis / Australia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042323)
http://www.irrigation.org.au/assets/pages/8B72AA2E-0D5B-7F87-C14E1432EA655FF4/august2008finalPDF1.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042323.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042323.pdf
(0.15 MB)
The drought conditions of the past seven years in Australia and increasing environmental awareness have led to an active promotion of wastewater recycling. The absolute and relative cost of recycling is one of the key factors that will have a big influence on the future of wastewater recycling in Australia.
This article outlines the development of a toolkit/decision support tool for allocating wastewater among different sectors to achieve desired objectives in a cost-efficient way. It deals in particular with answering these questions: How can the cost-effectiveness of wastewater recycling be judged and budget allocated? For which sectors in a defined region will wastewater recycling be cost-efficient? Wastewater has a number of alternative uses and each alternative is associated with a set of costs from the point of treatment to the point of use. As a result, recycling can satisfy more than one objective such as: reduce the discharge of nutrients to natural water bodies, ave/substitute potable water, bring more land under cultivation, and save water for environmental purposes. The methodology chosen to evaluate the best alternative or alternatives is Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
This article outlines the development of a toolkit/decision support tool for allocating wastewater among different sectors to achieve desired objectives in a cost-efficient way. It deals in particular with answering these questions: How can the cost-effectiveness of wastewater recycling be judged and budget allocated? For which sectors in a defined region will wastewater recycling be cost-efficient? Wastewater has a number of alternative uses and each alternative is associated with a set of costs from the point of treatment to the point of use. As a result, recycling can satisfy more than one objective such as: reduce the discharge of nutrients to natural water bodies, ave/substitute potable water, bring more land under cultivation, and save water for environmental purposes. The methodology chosen to evaluate the best alternative or alternatives is Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
12 Mekala, Gayathri Devi; Davidson, B.; Boland, A. M. 2007. Economics of wastewater treatment and recycling: an investigation of conceptual issues. Paper presented at the 51st Annual Conference of Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, Queenstown, New Zealand, 13-16 February 2007. 11p.
Water supply ; Water demand ; Population growth ; Water use ; Urban areas ; Water balance ; Wastewater ; Recycling ; Water quality ; Wastewater management ; Wastewater treatment ; Water allocation ; Pricing ; Economic aspects ; Cost benefit analysis / Australia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042324)
(0.08 MB)
In the context of continuous droughts, the search for alternative water sources and increasing environmental restrictions on discharge of treated wastewater into natural water bodies, treated wastewater recycling offers a potential solution. In this paper the methods needed to assess the questions - to what extent treated wastewater can complement the existing water sources in different sectors and at what cost - are discussed? It was concluded that a comparative Benefit Cost Analysis of different combinations of uses and treatment levels would be a critical component in the development of a decision support tool which could be used by urban planners and water authorities. It was also found that community acceptance of recycled water, distribution of costs and benefits of recycling and its broader impact on regional development are issues that need to be considered, along with the economics of wastewater recycling.
13 Mekala, Gayathri Devi; Samad, Madar; Davidson, B.; Boland, A. M. 2009. Valuing a clean river: a case study of Musi River, Hyderabad, India. Paper presented at the 53rd Annual Conference of Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, Cairns, Australia, 13-16 February 2009. 19p.
Rivers ; Water quality ; Valuation ; Cost recovery ; Surveys ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Wastewater treatment ; Wastewater management / India / Hyderabad / Musi River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042325)
(0.24 MB)
The current study uses contingent valuation technique to estimate the value of clean water in river Musi in Hyderabad, India. The main source of pollution of the river is untreated domestic and industrial wastewater from the urban area of Hyderabad. Therefore, people’s Willingness To Pay [WTP] for the treatment of their wastewater to different quality levels (Level C, B & A) is estimated using a payment card method. Four variables were considered to influence the willingness to pay - number of years the household lived in Hyderabad; individual perceived importance of controlling water pollution; household income levels and proximity to the river. The results of the logistic regression confirmed that the variables - perceived importance of the respondent of controlling water pollution and household incomes have a significant influence on people’s WTP. Only 30% of the respondents were willing to pay for wastewater to be treated to level C. It was concluded from the survey results that 100% cost recovery of sewerage services and wastewater treatment would not be possible in Hyderabad in the current situation. However, a phased increase in the water tariffs accompanied with simultaneous improvements in service delivery mechanisms and awareness among consumers may be successful in the long-run.
14 GHK Consulting Limited. 2009? Decentralised wastewater management (DWWM), a guide: finding local solutions to wastewater management problems. London, UK: GHK Consulting Limited. 1 CD.
Wastewater management ; Decentralization ; Social participation ; Domestic water ; Effluents ; Drainage ; Infrastructure ; Urbanization ; Sewage ; Water pollution ; Flooding ; Sanitation ; Wastewater irrigation ; Farmers ; Open channels / Vietnam / Bangladesh / Hanoi / Dakha / Khulna City
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: CD Col. Record No: H034798)
15 Huibers, F.; Redwood, M.; Raschid-Sally, Liqa. 2010. Challenging conventional approaches to managing wastewater use in agriculture. In Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa (Eds.). Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries. London, UK: Earthscan; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.287-301. (Also in French).
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G000 DRE Record No: H042614)
(0.21 MB)
In developing countries urban wastewater management often fails to cope with increasing wastewater generation. Financial, technical and institutional limitations force authorities to discharge substantial amounts of untreated or partially treated wastewater into surface waters. Consequently, uncontrolled use of polluted water is increasingly common in the downstream peri-urban areas. Although wastewater use bears a significant risk on human health, such use is also productive and an asset for many. Agricultural use of wastewater is a strong manifestation of the urban-rural connection and transfers a waterborne risk from the wastewater disposal system to the food chain, requiring a paradigm shift in the approaches applied to risk minimization. Conventional models for urban wastewater treatment and management are based on top-down, mechanically driven approaches that do not, or do not sufficiently, consider the links between the social, economic and health aspects. This situation is understandable from historical and technological points of view, but does not provide innovative solutions to current problems in developing country cities. A different approach is required, one that rethinks conventional wastewater system design and management. By adopting a systems approach to analysing both the water and food chains, one discovers the interactions of different stakeholders that treat and use (or abuse) water, the impacts on overall productivity and the risks. Governance systems to manage wastewater use in agriculture must incorporate decentralization to accommodate thinking at the bottom layer, encourage stakeholder engagement and provide coordination and policy cohesion for managing risks jointly from both the water and food chains.
16 Evans, Alexandra; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Cofie, Olufunke O. 2010. Multi-stakeholder processes for managing wastewater use in agriculture. In Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa (Eds.). Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries. London, UK: Earthscan; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.355-377. (Also in French).
Wastewater irrigation ; Wastewater management ; Stakeholders ; Participatory management ; Social participation ; Public health ; Urban areas
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G000 DRE Record No: H042618)
(0.35 MB)
Wastewater use in agriculture is a complex phenomenon since it transcends typical sectoral and geographical policy and planning boundaries, and is influenced by opinions and perceptions. Planning for wastewater use typically requires the involvement of a number of government agencies covering health, water, sanitation, agriculture and irrigation, as well as researchers, community groups and the private sector. Where wastewater use is already taking place spontaneously and unofficially, how can these stakeholders come together to improve the management of the system to maximize the livelihoods benefits while minimizing impacts on health and the environment? One option is the formation of multi-stakeholder platforms, which provide a space for stakeholders to share opinions and seek negotiated solutions in an open and ‘level’ environment. How effective these are, what outcomes can be expected, and how they can be improved are all questions that are still being asked. This chapter presents three case studies in which multi-stakeholder processes were used to improve wastewater management for urban agriculture. Although differences were observed, there were several cross-cutting lessons. A critical factor is the starting point, including an agreed definition of the problem to be addressed, negotiated goals and a management structure that is acceptable to all stakeholders. When multi-stakeholder processes are externally initiated, as with those reviewed here, it is essential that project priorities are commensurate with local priorities. Finding an institutional home and anchor agency an improve long-term sustainability but care must be taken in considering how this impacts on existing power structures. Participation and representation greatly influence the effectiveness of the process and much may need to be done to support this, for example by strengthening local community groups. A factor that appears to significantly improve participation and engagement is having tangible outputs, which demonstrate to stakeholders the potential of multi-stakeholder platforms.
17 Scott, C. A.; Drechsel, Pay; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Bahri, Akissa; Mara, D.; Redwood, M.; Jimenez, B. 2010. Wastewater irrigation and health: challenges and outlook for mitigating risks in low-income countries. In Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa (Eds.). Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries. London, UK: Earthscan; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.381-394. (Also in French).
Wastewater irrigation ; Public health ; Urban agriculture ; Risk assessment ; Wastewater management ; Governance
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G000 DRE Record No: H042619)
(0.29 MB)
Wastewater irrigation is a widespread and growing phenomenon that carries varying degrees of risk. Whether spontaneously practiced in urban and periurban agriculture or planned as part of water reuse programmes, food and fodder production using untreated sewage or treated effluent can have serious human health implications for farmers and consumers, and can irreversibly degrade the environment. In low-income countries water pollution is often the result of inadequate wastewater collection and treatment, and unplanned release to receiving water bodies. Making wastewater irrigation safer depends on a location-specific combination of different pathogen barriers including, where possible, appropriate wastewater treatment. Ensuring that these strategies work in an integrated, mutually supportive manner requires a multi-sectoral paradigm shift in the common approach of wastewater management for disposal. Additionally, it is crucial to continue research (especially in developing countries) on the types and severity of risk, locally feasible mitigation options, the cost-effectiveness of safer wastewater irrigation practices compared to other interventions against diarrhoea and facilitating the adoption of ‘non-’ or ‘post-treatment’ options. This concluding chapter presents an outlook for wastewater irrigation by integrating the major findings of the present volume, synthesizing key elements of the current global status and challenges of sanitation and wastewater irrigation with emphasis on the WHO Guidelines. It also highlights wastewater-governance opportunities with the greatest potential to support safe wastewater irrigation that simultaneously address the combined challenges deriving from the global sanitation, water and food crises.
18 Qadir, Manzoor; Wichelns, Dennis; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; McCornick, Peter G.; Drechsel, Pay; Bahri, Akissa; Minhas, P. S. 2010. The challenges of wastewater irrigation in developing countries. Agricultural Water Management, 97(4):561-568. Special issue with contributions by IWMI authors.
Wastewater irrigation ; Water reuse ; Policy ; Health hazards ; Wastewater management ; Developing countries
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042626)
(0.36 MB)
The volume of wastewater generated by domestic, industrial and commercial sources has increased with population, urbanization, improved living conditions, and economic development. The productive use of wastewater has also increased, as millions of small-scale farmers in urban and peri-urban areas of developing countries depend on wastewater or wastewater polluted water sources to irrigate high-value edible crops for urban markets, often as they have no alternative sources of irrigation water. Undesirable constituents in wastewater can harm human health and the environment. Hence, wastewater irrigation is an issue of concern to public agencies responsible for maintaining public health and environmental quality. For diverse reasons, many developing countries are still unable to implement comprehensive wastewater treatment programs. Therefore in the near term, risk management and interim solutions are needed to prevent adverse impacts from wastewater irrigation. A combination of source control, and farm-level and post-harvest measures can be used to protect farm workers and consumers. The WHO guidelines revised in 2006 for wastewater use suggest measures beyond the traditional recommendations of producing only industrial or non-edible crops, as in many situations it is impossible to enforce a change in the current cash crop pattern, or provide alternative vegetable supply to urban markets. There are several opportunities for improving wastewater management via improved policies, institutional dialogues and financial mechanisms, which would reduce the risks in agriculture. Effluent standards combined with incentives or enforcement can motivate improvements in water management by household and industrial sectors discharging wastewater from point sources. Segregation of chemical pollutants from urban wastewater facilitates treatment and reduces risk. Strengthening institutional capacity and establishing links between water delivery and sanitation sectors through inter-institutional coordination leads to more efficient management of wastewater and risk reduction.
19 Amoah, Philip; Drechsel, Pay; Schuetz, Tonya; Kranjac-Berisavjevic, G.; Manning-Thomas, Nadia. 2009. From world cafes to road shows: using a mix of knowledge sharing approaches to improve wastewater use in urban agriculture. Knowledge Management for Development Journal, 5(3):246-262. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/19474190903451116]
Information dissemination ; Food safety ; Stakeholders ; Farmers ; Markets ; Best practices ; Guidelines ; Education ; Wastewater management ; Urban agriculture ; Wastewater irrigation / Africa South of Sahara / Ghana / Accra / Kumasi / Tamale
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042738)
(2.42 MB)
This paper documents the application of several innovative knowledge sharing approaches and some of the lessons learnt in a project addressing food safety concerns deriving from wastewater irrigated vegetables in Ghana. Knowledge sharing activities received particular attention in the project to facilitate its impact pathway, in particular to (i) verify preliminary research messages on good practices, (ii) raise awareness and build capacity, and (iii) equip various stakeholder groups with knowledge, skills and materials. Key approaches and tools applied were the world café approach for the verification of research messages. The approach brought together farmers, traders and street food vendors to openly discuss proposed improvements in current practices and their potential for wider uptake. For targetoriented message dissemination multi-media training materials were prepared following recommendations from the intended users, like extension agents, catering and farmer field schools. The materials made use of local-language radio broadcasts, training and awareness videos, illustrated flip charts showing good and bad practices for wastewater use and improved teaching materials. Finally, for enhanced mutual learning so called road Shows were used to facilitate knowledge sharing between researchers, end-users, policy- and decision-makers. These allowed all stakeholders to follow the pathogen pathway from farm to fork while learning about the importance of well-identified intervention points and mutual responsibility. All applied approaches added significant value to the research work and facilitated its impact potential as first feedback shows. However, the applied tools do not come for free. They require careful preparations, the ability to listen and skillful facilitation.
20 Scott, C. A.; Drechsel, Pay; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Bahri, Akissa; Mara, D. 2011. Les defis et les perspectives pour attenuer les risques dans les pays a faible revenu. In French. [Wastewater irrigation and health: challenges and outlook for mitigating risks in low-income countries]. In Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa. L’irrigation avec des eaux usees et la sante: evaluer et attenuer les risques dans les pays a faible revenu. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC); Quebec, Canada: University of Quebec. pp.413-428. (Also in English).
Wastewater irrigation ; Public health ; Urban agriculture ; Risk assessment ; Wastewater management ; Governance
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044476)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_3/PDF/French%20book.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044476.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044476.pdf
(0.82 MB) (5.96MB)
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