Your search found 3 records
1 Gong, B.; Liu, Z.; Liu, Y.; Zhou, S. 2023. Understanding advances and challenges of urban water security and sustainability in China based on water footprint dynamics. Ecological Indicators, 150:110233. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110233]
Water security ; Sustainability ; Water footprint ; Water deficit ; Landscape ; Water pollution ; Towns ; Policies ; Water resources ; Water use ; Surface water ; Precipitation ; Sewage treatment / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051851)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X23003758/pdfft?md5=ba7a578381a185737d690626b44fcbee&pid=1-s2.0-S1470160X23003758-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051851.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051851.pdf
(16.90 MB) (16.9 MB)
Sustainability of China’s numerous cities are threatened by both quantity- and quality-induced water scarcity, which can be measured by the water footprint from a consumption (WFcons) or production (WFprod) perspective. Although WFcons was widely assessed, the changes in WFprod of China’s cities were still unclear. A large-scale decrease in urban WFprod in China was found, with the average WFprod decreasing from 13.8 billion m3 to 10.3 billion m3 and the per capita WFprod decreasing from 1614.8 m3/person to 1184.0 m3/person (i.e., falling by more than a quarter in just six years). Such shrinkage was particularly evident in drylands, eliminating the water deficit in Xi’an and Xining. The reduction in grey WFprod caused by implementing water pollution prevention policies and other relevant measures played the most important role in the savings. In the future, the implementation of updated pollution discharge standards is projected to allow more cities to escape water deficits; however, the rapid growth of the domestic and ecological blue WFprod caused by urbanization and urban greening would destabilize this prospect. Thus, attention should be given to both water pollution prevention and domestic and ecological blue WFprod restriction to further alleviate urban water scarcity in China.
2 Bokhari, H. H.; Najafi, E.; Dawidowicz, J.; Wuchen, L.; Maxfield, N.; Vorosmarty, C. J.; Fekete, B. M.; Corsi, F.; Sanyal, S.; Lin, T.- S.; Miara, A.; Tuler, S. P. 2023. Simulating basin-scale linkages of the food-energy-water nexus with reduced complexity modeling. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11:1077181. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1077181]
Hydrology ; Climate change ; Extreme weather events ; Drought ; Precipitation ; Evapotranspiration ; Nexus approaches ; Models ; Sewage treatment ; Infrastructure ; Nitrogen ; Stakeholders ; Rivers ; Discharges ; Water reservoirs ; Downstream ; Energy generation ; Land cover / United States of America / Delaware River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051932)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1077181/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051932.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051932.pdf
(3.18 MB) (3.18 MB)
3 Taron, Avinandan; Singh, S.; Drechsel, Pay; Ravishankar, C.; Ulrich, Andreas. 2023. Sewage sludge: a review of business models for resource recovery and reuse. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 98p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 23) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.211]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Sewage sludge ; Business models ; Circular economy ; Nutrients ; Energy recovery ; Organic fertilizers ; Biosolids ; Phosphorus ; Wastewater treatment plants ; Waste management ; Landfills ; Sewage treatment ; Technology ; Sludge dewatering ; Anaerobic digestion ; Incineration ; Gasification ; Pyrolysis ; Biochar ; Solid wastes ; Sludge disposal ; Composting ; Pellets ; Biogas ; Electricity generation ; Public-private partnerships ; Municipal authorities ; Policies ; Regulations ; Frameworks ; Market demand ; Costs ; Profitability ; Value chains ; Public health ; Environmental health ; Soil composition ; Case studies / Europe / USA / UK / Italy / Netherlands / Germany / Belgium / Switzerland / Spain / Denmark / Australia / Japan / China / India / Sri Lanka / Tunisia / Oman / Chile
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052417)
(3.45 MB)
In many low- and middle-income countries, sewage sludge generated from wastewater treatment systems has potential environmental and health hazards. To tackle this challenge, there is a need for innovative options given the increasing concerns and policies restricting sewage sludge dumping in landfills and elsewhere, and a growing awareness about the resource value of sludge within a circular economy. In developed countries, water utilities, municipalities and the private sector are increasingly engaged in utilizing and innovating modern resource recovery technologies to capture biosolids, nutrients or energy from sewage sludge and reducing disposal. This study reviews existing approaches and business models for resource recovery and moves the discussion beyond technical feasibility. Case studies were analyzed in support of four main sets of business models depending on the targeted resource: (i) organic fertilizers, (ii) crop nutrients, (iii) energy, and (iv) organic fertilizers and nutrients along with energy. The extraction of organic fertilizers through dewatering, thickening, stabilization or long-term storage drives the first set of models followed by technological advances in phosphorus recovery. The business models on energy similarly start from conventional energy recovery processes (anaerobic digestion) and move toward incineration. The discussion covers recent advances in gasification and pyrolysis. Transforming sewage sludge into biochar, for example, can support soil fertility and carbon sequestration. The final set covers integrative approaches supporting soil fertility and energy needs. The critical step for emerging economies is to develop a wastewater management strategy and link it to a circular economy framework without having a negative impact on environmental and human health. While technologies and business models generally have a favorable policy environment, there is a lack of a regulatory framework that allows the marketing, use and export of recovered (waste-derived) resources for certain applications. For example, there needs to be an increase in industry acceptance of phosphorus recovered from sewage sludge to penetrate agricultural markets despite the currently still cheaper phosphate rock, which is a finite resource.
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