Your search found 335 records
1 Rukuni, M. 1986. The evolution of irrigation policy in Zimbabwe: 1900-1986. Paper presented at the Forum on Irrigation Systems and Applications, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA, 13-15 May 1986. 15p.
Small scale systems ; Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation development ; Smallholders ; Governmental interrelations ; Government policy ; Farmer participation / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 761 Record No: H01618)
2 Consultants in Technology Management and Development Studies (TEAMS). 1991. Study on management and costs of operation and maintenance of irrigation systems under the Irrigation Department, Sri Lanka - Final report. Vol. 1 - Main report. Report submitted to International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI), Sri Lanka filed operations by Consultants in Technology Management and Development Studies (TEAMS). Colombo, Sri Lanka: Consultants in Technology Management and Development Studies (TEAMS). 162p.
Irrigation management ; Government managed irrigation systems ; Operating costs ; Funding ; Maintenance costs ; Economic analysis ; Irrigation schemes ; Institutions ; Data analysis ; Research projects / Sri Lanka / Giritale Irrigation Scheme / Ridi Bendi Ela Irrigation Scheme / Galoya L. B. Irrigation Scheme / Inginimitiya Irrigation Scheme / Mahakandarawa Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.4 G744 STU Record No: H08569)
3 Rushton, K. R. 1999. Groundwater aspects: Losses are inevitable but re-use is possible? Agricultural Water Management, 40(1):111-116.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H024093)
4 Horowitz, M. M. 1991. Victims upstream and down. Journal of Refugee Studies, 4(2):164-181.
Dams ; Reservoirs ; River basin development ; Water management ; Irrigation schemes ; Political aspects ; Social aspects / Senegal / Mauritania / Mali / Senegal River Valley
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6508 Record No: H032759)
5 Tinsley, R. L. 2004. Developing smallholder agriculture: a global perspective. Brussels, Belgium: AgBe Publishing. 437p.
Smallholders ; Economic aspects ; Social aspects ; Farmers ; Public policy ; Farming systems ; Land management ; Land tenure ; Rain ; Labour ; Governance ; Public participation ; Private sector ; Farmers organizations ; Technology transfer ; Sustainable agriculture ; Nutrient management ; Pesticides ; Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation systems ; Water user associations ; Animal husbandry
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.72 G000 TIN Record No: H043510)
6 Gunadasa, A. M. S. S. 1989. The Kimbulwana Oya Irrigation Scheme: an approach to improved system management. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI). xiii, 42p. (IIMI Case Study 2)
Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation management ; Rehabilitation ; Water distribution ; Irrigation scheduling ; Farmers attitudes ; Case studies ; Farmers associations ; Farmer participation ; Farmer-agency interactions / Sri Lanka / Kimbulwana Oya
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H005694)
This case study describes the problems which existed in the scheme prior to its rehabilitation in 1979 and the associated irrigation management innovations introduced by the author, who was assigned as a technical assistant by the Irrigation Department that year. Some of the management innovations included the provision of a simplified form of technical guidance to farmers and maintenance of the system through a Water Issue Board. By gaining the confidence of the farmers and the various line agencies working in the area, the author was able to introduce a systematic rotational distribution of water, advance the cultivation calendar, and increase cropping intensity. He was also able to motivate the farmers to take over the responsibility for the maintenance of the system from the government, and to continue to improve the physical and operational condition of the system.
7 Sakthivadivel, R.; Fernando, N.; Panabokke, C. R.; Jinapala, K.; Wijayaratna, C. M.; Bandula Sirimal, R. B. 1996. Natural resources management study of North Central Province Sri Lanka. Final report - Main report. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI). xxv, 232p.
Tank irrigation ; Rehabilitation ; Modernization ; Irrigation schemes ; Groundwater ; Surface water ; Irrigation water ; Water quality ; River basin development ; Land use ; Irrigation programs ; Development Projects ; Watersheds ; Water resources development ; Simulation models ; Rural development ; Farmers associations ; Farmer participation ; Participatory rural appraisal ; Mapping ; Cost benefit analysis ; Wells / Sri Lanka / North Central Province / Mahaweli Project / Anuradhapura / Polonnaruwa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.7 G744 SAK Record No: H018555)
(8.91 MB)
Pre-project technical assistance study for proposed Area Development Project of North Central Province, prepared for RH&H Consult/ADB
8 Haile, H. T. 2008. Impact of irrigation development on poverty reduction in northern Ethiopia. Thesis presented to the Department of Food Business and Development, National University of Ireland, Cork, in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 274p.
Irrigation management ; Development policy ; Villages ; Irrigation schemes ; Water harvesting ; Ponds ; Wells ; Poverty ; Measurement ; Households ; Gender ; Labor ; Crop production ; Livestock ; Economic analysis ; Cost benefit analysis ; Agricultural credit / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: D 631.7.3 G136 HAI Record No: H041397)
9 Maganga, F. P.; Kiwasila, H. L.; Juma, I. H.; Butterworth, J. A. 2004. Implications of customary norms and laws for implementing IWRM: findings from Pangani and Rufiji basins, Tanzania. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 29: 1335-1342.
Water resource management ; River basins ; Legal aspects ; Legislation ; Conflict ; Irrigation schemes ; Canals ; Case studies / Tanzania / Pangani River Basin / Rufiji River Basin / Kilimanjaro region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041408)
This paper presents the preliminary findings of a WARFSA-funded study, whose objective is to facilitate the formulation of better policies and guidelines for implementing IWRM through a case study of local water conflicts. It is observed that, although the current water reforms in the country focus on the use of statutory legal systems to regulate the use of water resources, the country operates under a plural legal system. Apart from the statutory laws, diverse customary systems are relied upon in resolving water related conflicts. Neglect of these norms and laws may have negative consequences for the majority of the villagers who rely on them. The paper presents some of the water-related conflicts in the study areas and the views of government authorities and river basin managers regarding customary norms and laws for water resource management. Also, the paper describes how different types of conflicts over water resources are handled through official legal channels.
10 Molle, Francois. 2008. Can water pricing policies regulate irrigation use? Paper presented at the 13th World Water Congress, Montpellier, France, 1-4 September 2008. 15p.
Pricing ; Price policy ; Irrigation water ; Water rates ; User charges ; Water scarcity ; Irrigation programs ; Water allocation ; Equity ; Water user associations ; Water use ; Farmers ; Water distribution ; Surface irrigation ; Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation systems ; Irrigation management / Sri Lanka / Turkey / Mexico / China / Israel / Japan / India / Morocco / Jordan / France / Spain / Canada / Australia / Chile
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041832)
http://www.iwra.org/congress/2008/resource/authors/abs596_article.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041832.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041832.pdf
(104 KB)
The paper proposes a reassessment of the hopes vested in pricing mechanisms to regulate water diversions in the irrigation sector, focusing on large scale (surface) public irrigation. It first lists a series of major constraints that explain why the economic rationale applied to urban water supply cannot readily be transposed to surface irrigation. It then offers a review of situations where water is scarce and where irrigation schemes are able to distribute water volumetrically, either at the bulk or individual level. Such situations are relatively rare at the world level but they provide the context where volumetric pricing policies can be implemented and can demonstrate their potential for putting demand and use in line with supply. The review provides clear evidence that, instead of administered prices, quotas are almost invariably chosen as the main regulation mechanism, with prices mostly used to regulate use at the margin, beyond the quota, rather than for rationing scarce water. The paper then reviews the advantages and limitations of quotas and attempts to explain why they are systematically preferred to pure price-based regulation. If made tradable, quotas or entitlements can be more easily reallocated among users according to criteria of economic efficiency. Such situations still remain rare because there are several cultural, technical and institutional constraints to their development, most notably in developing countries. Finally the paper expands its conclusions to irrigation in general and shows that although much hope has been vested in pricing mechanisms for regulating water use their potential is much lower than is commonly believed.
11 Ayana, M.; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele. 2009. Assessment of the performance of selected irrigation schemes in Ethiopia. Journal of Applied Irrigation Science, 44(1):121-142.
Irrigation schemes ; Performance evaluation ; Performance indexes ; Water delivery ; Water conveyance ; Efficiency ; Canals ; Water demand ; Irrigated farming ; Sugarcane ; Fruits ; Water costs ; Water rates ; Pricing / Ethiopia / Metri Irrigation Scheme / Metahara Irrigation Scheme / Wonji Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H042210)
(0.13 MB)
Unless attention is given to productivity improvements in food production, feeding the ever-increasing population persist to be the challenge for Ethiopia. The hope that irrigation development improves the productivity of agriculture, ensures food security, overcome impacts of rainfall variability and reduces poverty depends largely on how well the schemes are being operated and managed. This paper presents the results of performance assessments made in selected irrigation schemes in Ethiopia. For this purpose indicators that measure the water delivery and supply as well as output performances have been applied under data scarce situation. The conveyance efficiency in the main systems is found to be in the order of 58 – 89%. Generally the scheme level values of water supply performance indicators such as annual relative water supply (ARWS) and annual relative irrigation supply (ARIS) are equal to unity in Wonji irrigation scheme and greater than one in other schemes indicating that the water supplied exceeded the estimated demand. The values of water delivery ratio (WDR) varies between 0.62 (Wonji scheme) and 1.07 (Hare scheme). Scheme level values of water delivery and supply performance indicators revealed that there is no constraint of water availability at the scheme level. Schemes that produce sugar cane have higher outputs per units of water supplied and harvested area. On the contrary, community managed schemes showed low water productivity than that of large scale government agency managed schemes. As it is evidenced from the analysis of 59 irrigation schemes in the Awash river basin, schemes that use pump diversion have the opportunity to better control the water and sedimentation that enters the field. Pricing of irrigation water and the cost incurred in water conveyance were found to have a positive effect on the land and water resources of the irrigation schemes. Currently the direct water use fee is low to influence the demand and efficiency of water use. However, schemes which use pump diversion were found to consume less water and tended to expand land linearly with the increasing amount of diverted water. Low productivity of irrigated agriculture is possibly attributed to poor conditions of the irrigation infrastructure, inadequate management capacity and skills, lack of proper operation and on-farm water management skills and procedures, lack of incentives and hence low motivation to improve performance. Investment on these factors will have potentially significant impact in improving performance.
12 Laamrani, H.; Madsen, H.; Boelee, Eline. 2009. Micro-distribution of freshwater snails before and after water flow events in hydraulic structures in Tessaout Amont Irrigation System, Morocco. African Journal of Aquatic Science, 34(1):27-33. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2989/AJAS.2009.34.1.3.728]
Schistosomiasis ; Disease vectors ; Snails ; Lymnaea ; Habitats ; Environmental control ; Environmental management ; Irrigation schemes ; Statistical methods / Morocco / Tessaout Amont Irrigation System / Moulay Youssef Reservoir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042215)
(0.16 MB)
Bulinus truncatus, the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, is widely distributed in modern irrigation schemes in Morocco. These schemes have intermittent irrigation and canals dry out in between irrigation periods. The snail species is therefore associated with the ‘siphon boxes’ connecting canal segments, as these contain water that stagnates between irrigation cycles. The micro-distribution of snails in siphon boxes, was studied before and after one irrigation period, to identify factors that could be manipulated in order to control this snail species. Density of B. truncatus, Ancylus fluviatilis, Lymnaea peregra and Melanopsis praemorsa varied significantly with water depth before and after irrigation. The pulmonate snail species had the highest densities at depths ranging between 20 and 80 cm. After an irrigation period of 10 to 12 hours B. truncatus, A. fluviatilis and L. peregra were relatively more abundant at the bottom of the siphon boxes than in the upper sections. Aggregation at the corners of the boxes could be among the factors that enable snail species to avoid the detrimental effect of turbulent water flow during irrigation. The relevance of changes in density and micro-distribution following an irrigation cycle in the control of B. truncatus is discussed.
13 Hoanh, Chu Thai; Facon, T.; Thuon, T.; Bastakoti, R. C.; Molle, Francois; Phengphaengsy, F. 2009. Irrigation in the Lower Mekong Basin countries: the beginning of a new era? In Molle, Francois; Foran, T.; Kakonen, M. (Eds.). Contested waterscapes in the Mekong region: hydropower, livelihoods and governance. London, UK: Earthscan. pp.143-171.
River basins ; Irrigation management ; Farming systems ; Rice ; Irrigated land ; Irrigation schemes ; Rehabilitation ; Modernization ; Participatory management ; Farmers ; Cost recovery ; Water policy / Laos / Cambodia / Thailand / Vietnam / Lower Mekong Basin / Stung Chinit Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G800 MOL Record No: H042241)
(0.96 MB)
14 Molle, Francois; Foran, T.; Kakonen, M. (Eds.) 2009. Contested waterscapes in the Mekong Region: hydropower, livelihoods and governance. London, UK: Earthscan. 426p.
Water resources development ; Hydroelectric schemes ; Dams ; River basins ; History ; Wetlands ; Models ; Fisheries ; Case studies ; Economic aspects ; Political aspects ; Decision making ; Environmental effects ; Downstream ; Irrigation programs ; Irrigation schemes ; Flood control ; Water governance / Southeast Asia / Cambodia / China / Laos / Burma / Myanmar / Thailand / Vietnam / Mekong Region / Kamchay Dam / Pak Mun Dam / Nam Theun Project / Salween River / Nam Songkhram Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G800 MOL Record No: H042351)
(0.00 MB)
15 Hagos, Fitsum; Makombe, Godswill; Namara, Regassa E.; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele. 2009. Importance of irrigated agriculture to the Ethiopian economy: capturing the direct net benefits of irrigation. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 40p. (IWMI Research Report 128) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.317]
Irrigated farming ; National income ; Economic growth ; Crops ; Prices ; Sensitivity analysis ; Crop management ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Irrigation schemes / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.4 G136 HAG Record No: H042373)
(518.52 KB)
Irrigation development has been identified as a means to stimulate economic growth and rural development in Ethiopia. However, little attempt has been made to quantify the contribution of irrigation to national income. Using data from selected irrigation schemes, representing small, medium and large-scale schemes of modern or traditional typologies; the present coverage and planned growth of irrigation, actual and expected contributions of irrigation to the national economy were quantified following the approach of adjusted gross margin analysis. Our results show that irrigation yields 219.7% higher income compared to the rainfed system while its current and future contribution to agricultural GDP is estimated to be about 5.7 and 12% although irrigation covers about 5 and 9% of the total cultivated land area, respectively.
16 Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra. (Comps.) 2009. Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Summary report, abstracts of papers with proceedings on CD-ROM. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 48p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.201]
River basin management ; Water governance ; Environmental flows ; Simulation models ; Reservoirs ; Sedimentation ; Rainfall-Runoff relationships ; Hydrology ; Water balance ; Erosion ; Soil conservation ; Watersheds ; Irrigation schemes ; Water use / Ethiopia / Sudan / Blue Nile / Lake Tana Subbasin / Gumera Watershed / Roseires Reservoir / Rahad Scheme / Abbay River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042497)
17 Alemayehu, T.; McCartney, Matthew; Kebede, S. 2009. Simulation of water resource development and environmental flows in the Lake Tana Sub basin. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.23-37.
Lakes ; Water resources development ; Environmental flows ; Simulation models ; Irrigation schemes ; Water power ; Water demand / Ethiopia / Lake Tana / Chara Chara Weir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042505)
(0.50 MB)
Lake Tana is a natural reservoir for the Blue Nile River which has huge potential for hydropower and irrigation development. Water resource development is being encouraged by the government to stimulate economic growth and reduce poverty. In this study, the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) model was used to simulate planned hydropower and irrigation development scenarios. Simulation of water demand and estimated downstream environmental flows was conducted for a 36-year period of varying flow and rainfall. Based on the simulation results, water availability for the different proposed irrigation and hydropower schemes was determined. The likely impact of future water resource development on water levels of the lake was assessed based on the simulation results of three development scenarios. The simulation results revealed that, if the full future development occurs, on average, 2,207 GWhy-1 of power could be generated and 548 Mm3y-1 of water could be supplied to irrigation schemes. However, the mean annual water level of the lake would be lowered by 0.33 meters (m) with a consequent decrease of 23 km2 in the average surface area of the lake. Besides having adverse ecological impacts, this would also have significant implications for shipping and the livelihoods of many local people.
18 Ibrahim, Y. A.; Elnil, M. S. R.; Ahmed, A. A. 2009. Improving water management practices in the Rahad Scheme. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.50-69.
Irrigation Schemes ; Performance indexes ; Irrigation efficiency ; Canals ; Pumping / Sudan / Rahad Irrigation Scheme / Mena Pump Station / Blue Nile River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042507)
(0.63 MB)
This study aims to investigate and develop proper operational water management tools for the Rahad irrigation scheme. The Rahad project is considered as being among one of the schemes that could have a huge potential for expansion in the near future after the heightening of the Roseires Dam. The water supply sources for the Rahad scheme are the Blue Nile River and the Rahad seasonal river. The study explores options of augmenting the supply from the Rahad River during the wet season with the goal of minimizing sedimentation problems on the supply canals, reducing operation and maintenance costs associated with the Mena pumping station. Crop water requirements for the Rahad scheme were computed based on the historical cultivated areas of the different crops for the period 2000-2004. The Water Delivery Performance (WDP) Indicator for the scheme was evaluated. Frequency analysis and flow duration curves for the historical records of the Rahad seasonal stream were conducted in order to establish the yield of the Rahad River at different assurance levels. It is found that the yield from the Rahad seasonal river with 90% assurance level could be adequate to maintain an optimum performance of the irrigation system. Such proposed water management tools would improve the WDP by more than 25%. The dependence on the Rahad River during the wet season to meet the project irrigation water demands is anticipated to significantly minimize the maintenance and operation cost of diverting water from the Blue Nile.
19 Kibret, S.; Alemu, Y.; Boelee, Eline; Tekie, H.; Alemu, D.; Petros, B. 2010. The impact of a small-scale irrigation scheme on malaria transmission in Ziway area, central Ethiopia. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 15(1):41-50. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02423.x]
Small scale systems ; Irrigation schemes ; Waterborne diseases ; Malaria ; Entomology ; Surveys ; Habitats ; Villages / Ethiopia / Ziway Area / Rift Valley / Abene-Girmamo / Woshgulla
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042532)
(0.17 MB)
Objective To assess the impact of a small-scale irrigation scheme in Ziway area, a semi-arid area in the Central Ethiopian Rift Valley, on malaria transmission. method Parasitological, entomological and socio-economic studies were conducted in a village with and a village without irrigation. Blood smear samples were taken from individuals during the dry and wet seasons of 2005 / 2006. Socio-economic data were collected from household heads and key agricultural and health informants through interviews and questionnaires. Larval and adult mosquitoes were sampled during the dry and short wet seasons of 2006. Female anopheline mosquitoes were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for blood meal sources and sporozoite infections. results Malaria prevalence was higher in the irrigated village (19%, P < 0.05) than the non-irrigated village (16%). In the irrigated village, malaria prevalence was higher in the dry season than in the wet season while the reverse occurred in the non-irrigated village. Households with access to irrigation had larger farm land sizes and higher incomes, but also higher prevalence of malaria. Larval and adult abundance of the malaria vectors, Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles pharoensis, was higher in the irrigated than in the non-irrigated village throughout the study period. Furthermore, the abundance of An. pharoensis was significantly higher than that of An. arabiensis during the dry irrigated period of the year. Canal leakage pools, irrigated fields and irrigation canals were the major breeding habitats of the two vector mosquitoes. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite infection rates of 1.18% and 0.66% were determined for An. arabiensis and An. pharoensis in the irrigated village. Peak biting activities of the vectors occurred before 22:00 h, which is a source of concern that the effectiveness of ITNs may be compromised as the mosquitoes feed on blood before people go to bed. conclusion Irrigation schemes along the Ethiopian Rift Valley may intensify malaria by increasing the level of prevalence during the dry season. To reduce the intensity of malaria transmission in the smallscale irrigation schemes currently in operation in Ethiopia, year-round source reduction by using proper irrigation water management, coupled with health education, needs to be incorporated into the existing malaria control strategies.
20 Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Kuppannan, Palanisami; Singh, O. P.; Sakthivadivel, R. 2009. State of irrigation in Tamil Nadu: investments and returns. In International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Strategic Analyses of the National River Linking Project (NRLP) of India Series 5. Proceedings of the Second National Workshop on Strategic Issues in Indian Irrigation, New Delhi, India, 8-9 April 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.53-81.
Irrigation schemes ; Public investment ; Private investment ; Groundwater irrigation ; Regression analysis ; Irrigation efficiency ; Crop production ; Water conservation / India / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042686)
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