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1 Blackie, M. J. (Ed.) 1984. African Regional Symposium on Small Holder Irrigation, Harare, Zimbabwe, 5-7 September 1984. Wallingford, UK: Overseas Development Unit, Hydraulics Research Limited. [vii], 437p.
Small scale systems ; Water resources ; Research ; Water management ; Human resources ; Irrigation design ; Evaluation ; Rice ; Farmer participation / Africa
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.2 G100 BLA Record No: H051)
Symposium organized jointly by Hydraulics Research, Wallingford, England and University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe and sponsored by the British Overseas Development Administration.
2 Svendsen, M. T. 1983. Water management strategies and practices at the tertiary level: Three Philippine irrigation systems. xii, 294 p.
Pumps ; Land management ; Water allocation ; Irrigation systems ; Governmental interrelations ; Water supply ; Rice ; Water stress ; Equity ; Irrigation design / Philippines
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.2 G732 SVE Record No: H0116)
3 Ley, T. W.; El-Kady, M.; Litwiller, K. E.; Hanson, E.; Braunworth, W. S.; El-Falaky, A.; Wafik, E. 1984. The influence of farm irrigation system design and precision land leveling on irrigation efficiency and irrigation water management. Cairo, Egypt: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. xii, 97p. (EWUP technical report no.41)
Farming ; Irrigation design ; Gravity flow ; Flood irrigation ; Water management ; Field tests ; Water use efficiency / Egypt
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G232 LEY Record No: H0161)
The results of EWUP studies at each of three locations in Egypt: El-Mansuriya, Kafr El-Shiek and El-Minya, to characterize the conventional farm irrigation systems used by farmers in each area are summarized. The method used is surface gravity flooding of small, flat basins or small basins with short furrows. Numerous irrigation field trials on farms at the three EWUP study areas have been conducted. The practices tested included precision land levelling to dead level; level border strip or level long furrow irrigation system design; and teaching and advising farmers concerning improved on-farm water management practices in the use of the improved systems. Results were found to be highly successful when the spatial and temporal variations in farm irrigation system design factors were properly accounted for. A significant factor is the need to continue working with the farmer after system construction, teaching and advising him of improved management practices with the new systems. EWUP experience has shown that when farmers are well advised in using the new systems improved results are significant.
4 Tawfic, T. A.; Tinsley, R. L. 1984. Evaluation of farmers' irrigation practices in El-Hammami sands. Cairo: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. ix, 81p. (EWUP project technical report no.74)
Sandy soils ; On farm research ; Surface irrigation ; Irrigation design ; Irrigation practices ; Furrow irrigation / Egypt
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G232 TAW Record No: H035)
A study of three of the farms of El-Hammami area in El- Mansuriya region, Giza Governorate, was carried out to evaluate the irrigation of sandy soils. The on-farm irrigation practices in the area indicated that the farmers at the beginning of the canal apply more water than those at the end of the canal. The irrigation application efficiency of the farmers at the tail end of the canal was greater than that of the farmers at the beginning. The data also indicated that subsurface irrigation due to seepage from neighboring fields contributed substantially to crop water use. The study showed that surface irrigation might not be the best way to irrigate these sandy soils.
5 El-Sheiek, K.; EWUP. Cairo Office Design Team. 1984. Baseline data for improvement of a distributary canal system. Cairo: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. viii, 57p. (EWUP project technical report no.72)
Water supply ; Social aspects ; Irrigation design ; Irrigation efficiency ; Canals ; Cropping systems / Egypt
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G232 ELS Record No: H040)
(1.13 MB)
The EWUP conducted an irrigation research and development program from 1978 to 1984 in the Abu Raya area served by the Daqalt Canal in an effort to improve irrigation water management. Using an interdisciplinary effort, the program included the design, construction and operation of the Daqalt Canal system to deliver water to all farms in sufficient quantity at appropriate times to meet all water needs; to deliver water at an adequate and equitable flow rate and head and to minimize surface losses to drains. The original system was designed, constructed and operated under certain physical and operational assumptions that would minimize use of water while maximizing crop yields for all individual users. The report describes the physical characteristics of the existing system including water supply, canal structures, canal and mesqa surveys, soil conditions, crop patterns, water table levels, on-farm irrigation and water delivery requirements. The socio-economic characteristics of the existing system were also evaluated to assist in developing an equitable water user management program. The Daqalt Canal does not meet its original objectives due to water shortages, inadequate and inequitable flow rates and heads, and large surface losses to drains. These problems are caused by ineffective physical structures operation, conflicts existing with irrigation timing preferences, and poor canal maintenance. As such, the performance of the system falls short of that desired due to incorrect assumptions and improper management, and the entire water delivery system requires renovation within the context of the larger irrigation system. It is recommended that a complete hydraulic model of the existing Daqalt system should be developed under the constraint of available water levels in the Mit Yazid Canal, and the design re-evaluated in light of this model. The renovation process should continue, and water users themselves amalgamated into the design and operation of the water management plan.
6 Reddy, J. M.; Clyma, W. 1984. Optimal design of border irrigation systems. Cairo: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. vi, 34p. (EWUP technical report no.17)
Surface irrigation ; Hydraulics ; Irrigation design ; Crop yield ; Water rates ; Basin irrigation / Egypt
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.2 G232 RED Record No: H044)
Using a surface irrigation hydraulics model, relationships were developed between water requirement efficiency and the system design variables. Acrop production function was utilized to relate crop yield to the water requirement efficiency. Gross returns from the crop, and the costs of water, labor, ditch construction and crop production were considered in the optimization problem. Several system constraints were incorporated into the design process. The generalized geometric programming technique was applied to the optimaldesign of border and basin irrigation systems. The design variables were: the length of the run, inflow rate into the border, time of inflow, number of lengths of run, width of the border, and the number of border widths in the field.
7 Yousef, S. K.; El-Attar, A.; El-Masry, A. F.; Dweeb, H. H.; El-Din, E. E. 1984. Sociological evaluation of the on-farm irrigation practices introduced in Kafr El-Sheikh. Cairo: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. iv, 24p. (EWUP technical report no.67)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.2 G232 YOU Record No: H045)
One of the major objectives of the EWUP has been to experiment with various on-farm practices to see how the irrigation management activities of the farmers may be improved. The practices tested were precision land levelling, irrigation system design (long furrows and border irrigation), irrigation scheduling, field drain elimination, marwa improvement techniques, and specific plant and crop practices. The purpose of this report is to present the farmers' evaluation of each of these practices. Fifty-four farmer programs were conducted in a six season time span beginning in summer season 1980 to winter season 1983. The package of practices introduced generally provided an increase in crop yield for the farmers but the farmers have not accepted the total number of practices. Some practices are too expensive and cannot be supported by the existing institutional setting, some are notfield applicable, and others are not seen as appropriate by the farmers to their present situations. While the practices themselves have demonstrated a positive effect on the yields for the farmers, the questions as to the ability of the farmers to adopt the practices as presented by EWUP still remains to be pursued.
8 Widanapathirana, A. S.; Perera, I. R. 1984. Farmer participation in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of a major irrigation rehabilitation project: Evidence from an exploratory approach in Sri Lanka. In M. J. Blackie, Ed., African Regional Symposium on Small Holder Irrigation, 5-7 September 1984 (pp. 409-419). London: Hydraulics Research Ltd.
Farmer participation ; Irrigation design ; Water management ; Farmers' associations ; Rehabilitation ; Maintenance / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI-SA Call no: 631.7.3 G100 BLA Record No: H0202)
This paper presents the findings of a field experiment to secure farmer participation for system design and water management work in major irrigation scheme in Sri Lanka. The approach adopted was to employ a change agent to enable farmers to group into organizations based on a common hydraulic area. During the two and a half year period, over 200 farmer organizations were formed and farmer participation was successfully obtained, not only forsystem design, re-construction, operation and maintenance work but also for a few other activities. The paper concludes the need for development of human resources in addition to the investments on physical rehabilitation work.
9 Khan, H. R. 1983. Water management systems design: Consultancy report. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University. 90 p. (Water management synthesis project paper no. 7)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G584 KHA Record No: H0377)
10 Wensley, C. J.; Walter, M. F. 1985. Small-scale irrigation: Design issues in government-assisted systems. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University. v, 50 p. (Water management synthesis report no. 39)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G000 WEN Record No: H0383)
11 Jenkins, D. 1981. Irrigation water distribution system for tubewells and low-lift pumps in Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh: CARE. v, 62 p.
Tube well irrigation ; Pumps ; Water distribution ; Irrigation design ; Reservoirs ; Pipes ; Irrigated farming / Bangladesh
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.3 G584 JEN Record No: H0409)
12 Murray-Rust, H.; Tabbal, D. F.; Galang, A. A.; Sumayao, A. 1986. Evaluation of irrigation system design. In Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council and Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development, Methodologies to evaluate the performance of irrigation systems (pp. 62-76). Dhaka, Bangladesh: BARC and Winrock International.
Irrigation design ; Performance evaluation ; Rehabilitation ; Irrigation management ; Case studies / Philippines
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G584 BAN Record No: H01676)
With widespread concern over the comparatively low levels of performance of irrigation systems throughout Asia, attention is focusing on rehabilitation rather than on construction of new systems. Rehabilitation looks at both redesign of physical infrastructure and improvement of managerial capabilities. This paper points out, however, that managerial inputs can only be effective if the physical infrastructure has sufficient flexibility to accommodate managerial demands. The paper focuses on three case studies in the Philippines. The case studies have been selected to demonstrate how managerial considerations for improved system operation have been constrained by the design of the physical infrastructure at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels within the system. The main conclusion that can be drawn from these case studies is that changes in system operation can only be successful if redesign of the physical component of the system is fully integrated with operational criteria at the onset of the rehabilitation process.
13 Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council. Soils and Irrigation Division.; Winrock International. 1984. Improved distribution systems for minor irrigation in Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh: BARC and Winrock International. x, 164p.
(Location: IWMI-India Call no: 631.7.1 G584 BAN Record No: H0271)
Presents the proceedings of a workshop held at BARC on 8-9 July 1984. The volume focuses on the issue of distribution systems and is divided into three parts. Part I presents the full set of workshop recommendations, summarizes results from pilot projects and other research activities, and reviews issues relevant to improved distribution systems. Part II includes the papers presented at the workshop on such topics as: engineering designs for compacted earth channels, lined channels, and low pressure buried pipe systems; reports on on-farm experiments; data on costs and benefits of various systems; a report on Indian experiences with low pressure buried pipe; and plans and schedules for future work by several organizations. Part III gives five different designs for improved distribution systems with summaries of comments from workshop participants.
14 Yitayew, M.; Reynolds, C. A.; Sheta, A. E. 1995. Bubbler irrigation system design and management. In Lamm, F. R. (Ed.), Microirrigation for a changing world: Conserving resources/preserving the environment: Proceedings of the Fifth International Microirrigation Congress, Hyatt Regency Orlando, Orlando, Florida, April 2-6, 1995. St. Joseph, MI, USA: ASAE. pp.402-413.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7 G000 LAM Record No: H018879)
15 Wahby, H.; Quenemoen, G.; Helal, M. 1980. A procedure for evaluating the cost of lifting water for irrigation in Egypt. Fort Collins, CO, USA: Engineering Research Centre. Colorado State University. 70p. (EWUP project technical report no.7)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.4 G232 WAH Record No: H01048)
16 Yoder, R. 1981. Non-agricultural uses of irrigation systems: Past experience and implications for planning and design. ADC. 42p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G000 YOD Record No: H01043)
17 ADB. 1983. Project completion report of the Imjin Area Development Project (Loan No. 208-KOR) in Republic of Korea. Manila, Philippines: ADB. 89 p.
Project appraisal ; Irrigation design ; Water supply ; Intensive cropping ; Investment / Korea Republic
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G704 ADB Record No: H01067)
18 Illo, J. F. I.; Chiong-Javier, M. E. 1983. Organizing farmers for irrigation management: The Buhi-Lalo experience. Naga City, Philippines: Research and Service Center. Ateneo de Naga. xxix, 323p.
Irrigation programs ; Irrigation operation ; Irrigation design ; Farmer participation ; Water user associations ; Maintenance / Philippines
(Location: IWMI-India Call no: 631.7.3 G732 ILL Record No: H030)
The volume summarizes the results of the documentation research conducted from January 1981 through March 1982. The report discusses the development of the irrigators' associations, farmers' involvement in the layout of canals and terminal facilities and in the construction of these facilities, and the associations' initial plans for operation and maintenance of the system. It also examines the respective roles of the institutional staff (community organizers) and the technical staff (the engineers, surveyors, and construction supervisors), revealing the implications of the use of a participatory approach for implementation of irrigation development projects.
19 Thavaraj, S. H. 1978. The importance of integrating nonengineering aspects in irrigation system design. In IRRI. Irrigation policy and management in Southeast Asia. Los Banos, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) pp.15-24.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G570 IRR Record No: J 54)
Attention to a wide range of factors in the design of irrigation infrastructure can help ensure that the completed systems will function satisfactorily. The factors include data on rainfall patterns, soil permeability and topography, crops' water requirements and their response to water stress, costs of alternative construction materials, availability and costs of labor and machines, legal and environmental factors, and social factors such as local leadership, cultural patterns, values, and institutions. The paper describes the application of many of these factors in Malaysia's Muda Irrigation Scheme.
20 International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). 1978. Irrigation policy and management in Southeast Asia. Los Banos, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). vii, 198p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G570 IRR Record No: H0549)
Presents the proceedings of a research seminar on Irrigation Systems in Southeast Asia held 22-25 June 1976 at Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. The seminar was sponsored by the Agricultural Development Council (ADC), the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), and the Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA). The volume is divided into five parts. Part I includes the interpretative summary which identifies the main themes that emerged from the seminar and highlights the most important issues discussed. Part II includes four papers that describe selected strategies being followed by various Southeast Asian countries in planning and designing irrigation infrastructure. Part III deals with the management, operation, and maintenance of irrigation systems. Part IV comprises six papers that cover economic issues in irrigation. Lastly, Part V deals with irrigation organization and farmers' behavior.
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