Your search found 227 records
1 Biradar, Chandrashekhar; Thenkabail, Prasad; Turral, Hugh; Noojipady, Praveen; Jie, Li Yuan; Velpuri, Manohar; Dheeravath, Venkateswarlu; Vithanage, Jagath; Schull, M.; Cai, X. L.; Gumma, Murali Krishna; Rishiraj, D. 2006. A global map of rainfed cropland areas at the end of last millennium using remote sensing and geospatial techniques. In Li, D.; Xia, L. (Eds.). Geoinformatics 2006: GNSS and Integrated Geospatial applications. Proceedings of SPIE Vol.6418, Wuhan, China, 28-29 October 2006. Bellingham, Washington, USA: SPIE – The International Society for Optical Engineering. 64181Q. 5p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 621.3678 G000 BIR Record No: H039737)
2 Midmore, D. J.; Poudel, D. D.; Nissen, T. M.; Dano, A.; Zhu, G. 2005. Alternatives to traditional annual crop agriculture in the uplands: biophysical evidence from the Manupali River Watershed. In Coxhead, I.; Shively, G. (Eds.). Land use change in tropical watersheds: evidence, causes and remedies. Wallingford, UK, CABI Publishing. pp.133-146.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.76 G000 COX Record No: H041193)
3 Olubode-Awosola O. O.; van Schalkwyk, H. D.; Jooste, A. 2008. Mathematical modeling of the South African land redistribution for development. Journal of Policy Modeling, 30:841-855.
Land distribution ; Farmland ; Equity ; Land policies ; Land transfers ; Legislation ; Poverty ; Farmers ; Mathematical models / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041843)
(0.15 MB)
4 Biradar, C. M.; Thenkabail, P. S.; Noojipady, P.; Dheeravath, V.; Velpuri, M.; Turral, H.; Cai, Xueliang; Gumma, Murali Krishna; Gangalakunta, O. R. P.; Schull, M. A.; Alankara, Ranjith; Gunasinghe, Sarath; Xiao, X. 2009. Global map of rainfed cropland areas (GMRCA) and statistics using remote sensing. In Thenkabail, P. S.; Lyon, J. G.; Turral, H.; Biradar, C. M. (Eds.). Remote sensing of global croplands for food security. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press. pp.357-389. (Taylor & Francis Series in Remote Sensing Applications)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G000 THE Record No: H042430)
(1.40 MB)
5 Canisius, F. 2009. Multiangle spectral measurements: a way to distinguish cropping areas. In Thenkabail, P. S.; Lyon, J. G.; Turral, H.; Biradar, C. M. (Eds.). Remote sensing of global croplands for food security. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press. pp.393-408. (Taylor & Francis Series in Remote Sensing Applications)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G000 THE Record No: H042431)
6 Biradar, Chandrashekhar M.; Thenkabail, Prasad S.; Noojipady, P.; Li, Yuan Jie; Dheeravath, Venkateswarlu; Turral, Hugh; Velpuri, Manohar; Gumma, Murali Krishna; Gangalakunta, O. R. P.; Cai, X. L.; Xiao, X.; Schull, M. A.; Alankara, Ranjith; Gunasinghe, Sarath; Mohideen, Sadir. 2009. A global map of rainfed cropland areas (GMRCA) at the end of last millennium using remote sensing. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 11(2):114-129. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2008.11.002]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042769)
The overarching goal of this study was to produce a global map of rainfed cropland areas (GMRCA) and calculate country-by-country rainfed area statistics using remote sensing data. A suite of spatial datasets, methods and protocols for mapping GMRCA were described. These consist of: (a) data fusion and composition of multi-resolution time-series mega-file data-cube (MFDC), (b) image segmentation based on precipitation, temperature, and elevation zones, (c) spectral correlation similarity (SCS), (d) protocols for class identification and labeling through uses of SCS R2-values, bi-spectral plots, space-time spiral curves (ST-SCs), rich source of field-plot data, and zoom-in-views of Google Earth (GE), and (e) techniques for resolving mixed classes by decision tree algorithms, and spatial modeling. The outcome was a 9-class GMRCA from which country-by-country rainfed area statistics were computed for the end of the last millennium. The global rainfed cropland area estimate from the GMRCA 9-class map was 1.13 billion hectares (Bha). The total global cropland areas (rainfed plus irrigated) was 1.53 Bha which was close to national statistics compiled by FAOSTAT (1.51 Bha). The accuracies and errors of GMRCA were assessed using field-plot and Google Earth data points. The accuracy varied between 92 and 98% with kappa value of about 0.76, errors of omission of 2–8%, and the errors of commission of 19–36%.
7 Thenkabail, P. S.; Hanjra, M. A.; Dheeravath, V.; Gumma, Murali Krishna. 2010. A holistic view of global croplands and their water use for ensuring global food security in the 21st century through advanced remote sensing and non-remote sensing approaches. Remote Sensing, 2(1):211-261. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs2010211]
Farmland ; Irrigated land ; Remote sensing ; Mapping ; Water use ; Virtual water ; Water productivity ; Food security
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043444)
(4.41 MB)
This paper presents an exhaustive review of global croplands and their water use, for the end of last millennium, mapped using remote sensing and non-remote sensing approaches by world’s leading researchers on the subject. A comparison at country scale of global cropland area estimated by these studies had a high R2-value of 0.89–0.94. The global cropland area estimates amongst different studies are quite close and range between 1.47–1.53 billion hectares. However, significant uncertainties exist in determining irrigated areas which, globally, consume nearly 80% of all human water use. The estimates show that the total water use by global croplands varies between 6,685 to 7,500 km3 yr-1 and of this around 4,586 km3 yr-1 is by rainfed croplands (green water use) and the rest by irrigated croplands (blue water use). Irrigated areas use about 2,099 km3 yr-1 (1,180 km3 yr-1 of blue water and the rest from rain that falls over irrigated croplands). However, 1.6 to 2.5 times the blue water required by irrigated croplands is actually withdrawn from reservoirs or pumping of ground water, suggesting an irrigation efficiency of only between 40–62 percent. The weaknesses, trends, and future directions to precisely estimate the global croplands are examined. Finally, the paper links global croplands and their water use to a paradigm for ensuring future food security.
8 Berlekom, M.; Engstrom, L.; Eriksson, M. L.; Gallardo, G.; Gerhardt, K.; Knutsson, P.; Malmer, P.; Stephansson, E.; Walter, S. V. 2009. Natural resource tenure: a crucial aspect of poverty reduction and human rights. Stockholm, Sweden: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). 158p. (Sida Studies no. 23)
Land management ; Natural resources ; Land tenure ; Poverty ; Human rights ; Water rights ; Climate change ; Wetlands ; Coastal area ; Fisheries ; Rangelands ; Forest land ; Farmland ; Wildlife ; Genetic resources ; Policy making ; Petroleum ; Developing countries
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.3 G000 BER Record No: H043654)
http://www.google.lk/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.donorplatform.org%2Fload%2F6571&ei=J1p4TfSHE4PtrAeQ5Pm9BQ&usg=AFQjCNEi5_z5j1IfbYgcHYnD_zRRWTrW-w
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043654.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043654.pdf
(2.12 MB) (2.12MB)
9 Stewart, B. A.; Woolhiser, D. A.; Wischmeier, W. H.; Caro, J. H.; Frere, M. H.; Alt, K. F. 1976. Control of water pollution from cropland. Vol 2 - An overview. Washington, DC, USA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Hyattsville, MD, USA: U. S. Department of Agriculture. 187p.
Water pollution ; Farmland ; Hydrological cycle ; Models ; Agricultural practices ; Rain ; Runoff ; Erosion ; Sediment transport ; Sedimentation ; Nutrients ; Leaching ; Soil conservation ; Agricultural wastes ; Fertilizers ; Pesticides ; Aquatic environment ; Economic aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 STE Record No: H043857)
(0.08 MB)
10 Gumma, M. K.; Thenkabail, P. S.; Muralikrishna. I. V.; Velpuri, M. N.; Gangadhara Rao, Parthasaradhi; Dheeravath, V.; Biradar, C. M.; Acharya, N. Sreedhar; Gaur, A. 2011. Changes in agricultural cropland areas between a water-surplus year and a water-deficit year impacting food security, determined using MODIS 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques, in the Krishna River basin (India). International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32(12):3495-3520. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161003749485]
Agricultural land ; Farmland ; Water availability ; Water use ; Water deficit ; Food security ; Models ; River basins ; Rain ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated land ; Land use ; Land cover ; Climate change ; Satellite imagery ; Mapping ; Time series analysis ; Spectral analysis / India / Krishna River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043968)
(1.46 MB)
The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in cropland areas as a result of water availability using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques (SMTs). The study was conducted in the Krishna River basin in India, a very large river basin with an area of 265 752 km2 (26 575 200 ha), comparing a water-surplus year (2000–2001) and a water-deficit year (2002–2003). The MODIS 250 m time-series data and SMTs were found ideal for agricultural cropland change detection over large areas and provided fuzzy classification accuracies of 61–100% for various land-use classes and 61–81% for the rain-fed and irrigated classes. The most mixing change occurred between rain-fed cropland areas and informally irrigated (e.g. groundwater and small reservoir) areas. Hence separation of these two classes was the most difficult. The MODIS 250 m-derived irrigated cropland areas for the districts were highly correlated with the Indian Bureau of Statistics data, with R2-values between 0.82 and 0.86. The change in the net area irrigated was modest, with an irrigated area of 8 669 881 ha during the water-surplus year, as compared with 7 718 900 ha during the water-deficit year. However, this is quite misleading as most of the major changes occurred in cropping intensity, such as changing from higher intensity to lower intensity (e.g. from double crop to single crop). The changes in cropping intensity of the agricultural cropland areas that took place in the water-deficit year (2002–2003) when compared with the water-surplus year (2000–2001) in the Krishna basin were: (a) 1 078 564 ha changed from double crop to single crop, (b) 1 461 177 ha changed from continuous crop to single crop, (c) 704 172 ha changed from irrigated single crop to fallow and (d) 1 314 522 ha changed from minor irrigation (e.g. tanks, small reservoirs) to rain-fed. These are highly significant changes that will have strong impact on food security. Such changes may be expected all over the world in a changing climate.
11 Yamazaki, F. 1992. Paddy field engineering. Bangkok, Thailand: Asian Institute of Technology (AIT). Irrigation Engineering and Management Program. 425p.
Paddy fields ; Engineering ; Rice ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming ; Soil types ; Labor ; Percolation ; Surface drainage ; Subsurface drainage ; Runoff ; Canals ; Land management ; Farmland ; Irrigation programs ; Crop production
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 630 G000 YAM Record No: H044520)
(0.50 MB)
12 Niemann, J.; Hallberg, N.; Gates, T. 2007. Characterizing non-beneficial evaporative upflux from shallow groundwater under uncultivated land in an irrigated river valley. Colorado Water Newsletter, 25(1):13-17.
Evaporation ; Groundwater ; Water table ; Vegetation ; Rivers ; Valleys ; Farmland ; Irrigated sites / USA / Colorado / Lower Arkansas River Valley
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044704)
http://water.usgs.gov/wrri/07grants/progress/2007CO152B.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044704.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044704.pdf
(1.56 MB) (1.56MB)
13 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Raman, S.; Mohan, Kadiri. (Eds.) 2012. Micro-irrigation: economics and outreach. New Delhi, India: Macmillan. 345p.
Irrigation systems ; Irrigation schemes ; Microirrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Irrigation practices ; Economic analysis ; Cost benefit analysis ; Financial situation ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Water demand ; Water supply ; Water use efficiency ; Groundwater irrigation ; Wells ; Surface water ; Tank irrigation ; Irrigated sites ; Capacity building ; Indicators ; Assessment ; Horticulture ; Cropping patterns ; Crop production ; Agroclimatic zones ; Rainfall patterns ; Land use ; Farmland ; Farm size ; Farmers ; Social aspects / India / Karnataka / Andhra Pradesh / Tamil Nadu / Kerala / Maharashtra / Gujarat / Orissa / Uttar Pradesh / Rajasthan / Punjab / Haryana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044862)
(0.45 MB)
14 Lemenih, Mulugeta; Kassa, H.; Kassie, G. T.; Abebaw, D.; Teka, W. 2012. Resettlement and woodland management problems and options: a case study from north-western Ethiopia. Land Degradation and Development, 14p. (Online first). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2136]
Woodlands ; Deforestation ; Land use ; Environmental degradation ; Resettlement ; Livestock ; Farmland ; Crops ; Institutions / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045063)
(0.36 MB)
Deforestation in African dry forests is widespread and its drivers are complex and vary in space and time. In this paper, we assessed impacts of immigration on dry forests and options for improved management in a resettlement district in north-western Ethiopia. Key informants interviews, focus group discussions and household questionnaire survey were used to collect data. The results indicated that forests of the district are degrading in spatial coverage and quality. The most important drivers were land use change, excessive wood harvest, grazing pressure and forest fire following immigration. The continuous influx of people with different origins, cultures, religions and lengths of residence in the district underscores absence of social bonds for collective action to regulate access. This, coupled with weak formal regulatory system, market forces and policy incentives for farming, resulted in a near open access situation. Our findings confirm the negative relationships between migration and environment not necessarily because of the mere population number added through immigration but because of lack of regulatory frameworks (formal or informal) and poor social capital. Enforcing existing policy of farm size and putting institutional framework on the ground to regulate rate of immigration, extraction of forest products and to encourage tree planting to meet wood demand are suggested measures. We conclude that Government programmes that opt for resettlement as a measure for poverty alleviation must also have mitigating measures to reducing negative impacts on the natural resource base. Thus, the trade-off between environment and development must be carefully managed.
15 Potts, D. 2012. Land alienation under colonial and white settler governments in southern Africa. In Allan, T.; Keulertz, M.; Sojamo, S.; Warner, J. (Eds.). Handbook of land and water grabs in Africa: foreign direct investment and food and water security. London, UK: Routledge. pp.24-42.
Land acquisitions ; Legal aspects ; Legislation ; History ; Farmland ; Agroecology / Southern Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ALL Record No: H045670)
16 Hilhorts, T.; Nelen, J. 2012. Domestic land acquisitions in West Africa: the rush for farmland by urban 'businessmen' In Allan, T.; Keulertz, M.; Sojamo, S.; Warner, J. (Eds.). Handbook of land and water grabs in Africa: foreign direct investment and food and water security. London, UK: Routledge. pp.146-159.
Land acquisitions ; Land tenure ; Land policies ; Farmland ; Rainfed farming ; Investment ; Irrigation schemes ; Valleys / West Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ALL Record No: H045676)
17 Mulligan, M. 2012. The water resource implications for and of FDI [Foreign Direct Investment] projects in Africa. In Allan, T.; Keulertz, M.; Sojamo, S.; Warner, J. (Eds.). Handbook of land and water grabs in Africa: foreign direct investment and food and water security. London, UK: Routledge. pp.384-405.
Water resources ; Water balance ; Water productivity ; Foreign investment ; Land use ; Indicators ; Vegetation ; Farmland ; Crop production ; Pastures ; Rangelands ; River basins ; Rain ; Risk analysis / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ALL Record No: H045690)
18 Zhao, Y.; Xu, X. 2012. China-Africa agricultural co-operation, African land tenure reform and sustainable farmland investments. In Allan, T.; Keulertz, M.; Sojamo, S.; Warner, J. (Eds.). Handbook of land and water grabs in Africa: foreign direct investment and food and water security. London, UK: Routledge. pp.421-435.
Agriculture ; Cooperation ; Land tenure ; Land reform ; Farmland ; Foreign investment / China / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ALL Record No: H045693)
19 Villholth, Karen G.; Ganeshamoorthy, G.; Rundblad, C. M.; Knudsen, T. S. 2013. Smallholder groundwater irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa: an interdisciplinary framework applied to the Usangu Plains, Tanzania. Hydrogeology Journal, 21(7):1481-1495. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-013-1016-x]
Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater development ; Smallholders ; Plains ; Socioeconomic environment ; Irrigated farming ; Farmland ; Water drilling ; Pumps ; Poverty ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Policy / Sub-Saharan Africa / Tanzania / Usangu Plains
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045947)
(0.49 MB)
A simple but comprehensive framework for analysing the potential for and constraints to groundwater development for irrigated agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa is proposed. The framework, based on food value chain principles, is applied to the sub-Saharan context and a specific catchment in Tanzania, the Usangu plains, where groundwater has been proposed as a strategic resource for augmenting food production and smallholder livelihoods and to alleviate seasonal water scarcity. The novel contribution of the work is the presentation of a tool that can be applied to support an interdisciplinary approach to systematically identify most significant barriers and most critical water management and development interventions for sustainable development of groundwater irrigation. The result of the case study shows that farmer economics, capacity, and pump and well drilling market constraints limit groundwater irrigation in the Usangu plains rather than hydrogeological conditions.
20 Thenkabail, P. S.; Hanjra, M. A.; Dheeravath, V.; Gumma, M. 2011. Global croplands and their water use from remote sensing and nonremote sensing perspectives. In Weng, Q. (Ed.). Advances in environmental remote sensing: sensors, algorithms, and applications. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press. pp.383-416. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1201/b10599-20]
Farmland ; Mapping ; Water use ; Remote sensing ; Irrigated farming ; Rainfed farming ; Water use ; Food production ; Satellite surveys ; Data ; Policy
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046020)
(1.86 MB)
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