Your search found 31 records
1 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2006. Water Matters: news of IWMI research in Sri Lanka. Water Matters: news of IWMI research in Sri Lanka, 1. 7p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2010.007]
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 630.7 G000 INT Record No: H039272)
2 Chave, P.; Howard, G.; Bakir, P.; Appleyard, S.; Hoque, B. 2006. Policy and legal systems to protect groundwater. In Schmoll, O.; Howard, G.; Chilton, J.; Chorus, I. (Eds.). Protecting groundwater for health: Managing the quality of drinking-warter sources. London, UK: PUB IWA Publishing for WHO. pp.537-562.
Groundwater pollution ; Groundwater management ; Water policy ; Water rights ; Pollution control ; Legal aspects ; Legislation ; International waters ; International cooperation ; Land use ; Water pollution ; Disaster preparedness
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 613.287 G000 SCH Record No: H040331)
3 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2006. Jala Puwath. In Sinhalese. [Water Matters: news of IWMI research in Sri Lanka]. Jala Puwath, 1. 7p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G744 INT Record No: H043165)
4 Marsalek, J.; Stancalie, G.; Balint, G. (Eds.) 2006. Transboundary floods: reducing risks through flood management. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. 336p. (NATO Science Series IV - Earth and Environmental Sciences, vol. 72)
Flood control ; Forecasting ; Disasters ; Risks ; International waters ; River basins ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Discharges ; Hydrometeorology ; Hydrology ; Telemetry ; Sensors ; Land use mapping ; Models ; Weather forecasting ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Urban areas ; History ; Decision making ; Dykes ; Disaster preparedness ; Reservoirs ; International cooperation / Czech Republic / Azerbaijan / Romania / Hungary / Koros River Basin / Upper Tisza Region / Crisul Alb River Basin / Crisul Negru River Basin / Hron River Basin / Crisul Repede River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.489 G000 MAR Record No: H043960)
(0.13 MB)
5 Vrba, J.; Verhagen, B. T. (Eds.) 2011. Groundwater for emergency situations: a methodological guide. Paris, France: UNESCO. International Hydrological Programme (IHP). 316p. (UNESCO IHP-VII Series on Groundwater No. 3)
Water resources ; Groundwater recharge ; Disaster preparedness ; Drinking water ; Water supply ; Geology ; Hydrogeology ; Hydrology ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Mathematical models ; Risk assessment ; Risk management ; Water governance ; Policy ; Early warning systems ; Natural disasters ; Flooding ; Drought ; Earthquakes ; Landslides ; Tsunamis ; Storms ; Cyclones ; Volcanoes ; Water flow ; Aquifers ; Isotopes ; Case studies ; Sewage ; Drainage ; Rehabilitation ; Chemical composition ; Analytical methods ; Satellite surveys ; Satellite imagery ; Capacity building / South Africa / South Germany / Czech Republic / India / China / Peru / Maldives / Sri Lanka / Japan / Molasses Basin / Labe River / Elbe River / Orissa / Shenthen Xikeng Reservoir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044405)
(17.39 MB) (17.4MB)
The aim of the UNESCO IHP project ‘Groundwater for Emergency Situations’ (GWES) is to consider natural catastrophic events that could adversely influence human health and life and to identify in advance emergency groundwater resources resistant to natural disasters that could replace damaged public and domestic drinking water supplies. The GWES project was approved during the 15th session of the Intergovernmental Council of the International Hydrological Programme (IHP). It was included in the Implementation Plan of the Sixth Phase of the IHP (2002–2007), Theme 2: ‘Integrated watershed and aquifer dynamics’, under the title ‘Identification and management of strategic groundwater bodies to be used for emergency situations as a result of extreme events or in case of conflicts’. The Second phase of the GWES project is implemented within IHP VII (2008–2013) by an International Working Group composed of UNESCO, and IAH representatives and experts from different regions of the world.
6 Villholth, Karen G.; Jeyakumar, P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie.; Manamperi, Sanjeewa P.; Vithanage, M.; Goswami, R. R.; Panabokke, C. R. 2011. Tsunami impacts and rehabilitation of groundwater supply: lessons learned from eastern Sri Lanka. A case study. In Vrba, J.; Verhagen, B. T. (Eds.). Groundwater for emergency situations: a methodological guide. [Report of the UNESCO IHP Groundwater for Emergency Situations’ (GWES) Project]. Paris, France: UNESCO. International Hydrological Programme (IHP) pp.296-308. (UNESCO IHP-VII Series on Groundwater No. 3)
Natural disasters ; Disaster preparedness ; Tsunamis ; Rehabilitation ; Monitoring ; Saline water ; Water purification ; Flooding ; Groundwater ; Wells ; Drinking water ; Water quality ; Water supply ; Water use ; Case studies ; Pumps ; Surveys / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044406)
(17.39 MB) (17.4MB)
The purpose of this case study is to describe the importance of groundwater for secure emergency water resource after the huge Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) earthquake which occurred in 1995. Around 1,270,000 households were cut off from municipal water supply after the earthquake and medical activities in many hospitals were seriously affected by water scarcity. However, it was possible to pump groundwater from several wells immediately after the earthquake. Resistance of wells against the impact of earthquakes has been noted and registration system of citizen’s wells has been established in 1996 in Kobe. Within next two years 517 suitable emergency wells were registered and their location entered on maps. Based on the Kobe experience similar emergency water well systems have been established by many municipal and local governments in Japan to be used as a safe source of water in emergency. In some hospitals deep wells have been drilled, equipped with pumps and diesel driven generators and are prepared for immediate use in an emergency situation.
7 Greene, R. W. 2002. Confronting catastrophe: a GIS handbook. Redlands, CA, USA: ESRI Press. 140p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 910.285 G000 GRE Record No: H044480)
(0.30 MB)
8 Gonsalves, J.; Mohan, P. (Eds.) 2011. Strengthening resilience in post-disaster situations: stories, experience and lessons from South Asia. New Delhi, India: Academic Foundation; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC). 799p.
Natural disasters ; Disaster preparedness ; Coastal area ; Tsunamis ; Flooding ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Risk management ; Risk assessment ; Rehabilitation ; Ecosystems ; Indicators ; Erosion ; Land use ; Land tenure ; Poverty ; Community involvement ; Capacity building ; Community involvement ; Communication technology ; Planning ; Data ; Financing ; Rural areas ; Mangroves ; Public participation ; Gender ; Women ; Agriculture ; Rice ; Collective action ; Investment ; Fisheries ; Models ; GIS ; Coir ; Social aspects ; Organizations ; Institutions ; Information technology / South Asia / Sri Lanka / India / Wanduruppa / Tamil Nadu / Mannar / Palakayatippa / Andhra Pradesh / Danavaipeta / Andaragasyaya Canal / Sorlagondi Village / Ambalantota / Talalla / Wanduruppa / Muthuregunathapuram Village
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.346 G570 GON Record No: H044797)
(0.49 MB)
9 Sahni, P.; Ariyabandu, M. M. (Eds.) 2003. Disaster risk reduction in South Asia. New Delhi, India: Prentice-Hall of India. 372p.
Natural disasters ; Disaster risk management ; Risk reduction ; Disaster preparedness ; Public education ; Capacity building ; Community involvement ; Gender ; Living standards ; Organizations ; Partnerships ; Health services ; Development plans ; Building construction ; Information technology ; Remote sensing ; Insurance ; Drought ; Cyclones ; Case studies ; Stakeholders / South Asia / Pakistan / India / Bangladesh / Nepal / Tharparkar
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.348 G570 SAH Record No: H047086)
(0.40 MB)
10 Voigt, S.; Giulio-Tonolo, F.; Lyons, J.; Kucera, J.; Jones, B.; Schneiderhan, T.; Platzeck, G.; Kaku, K,; Hazarika, M. K.; Czaran, L.; Li, S.; Pedersen, W.; James, G. K.; Proy, C.; Muthike, D. M.; Bequignon, J.; Guha-Sapir, D. 2016. Global trends in satellite-based emergency mapping. Science, 353(6296):247-252. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad8728]
Earth observation satellites ; Satellite imagery ; Natural disasters ; Mapping ; Disaster preparedness ; Spatial distribution ; Population density ; Technological changes ; International cooperation ; Organizations
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047649)
(1.21 MB)
Over the past 15 years, scientists and disaster responders have increasingly used satellite-based Earth observations for global rapid assessment of disaster situations. We review global trends in satellite rapid response and emergency mapping from 2000 to 2014, analyzing more than 1000 incidents in which satellite monitoring was used for assessing major disaster situations. We provide a synthesis of spatial patterns and temporal trends in global satellite emergency mapping efforts and show that satellite-based emergency mapping is most intensively deployed in Asia and Europe and follows well the geographic, physical, and temporal distributions of global natural disasters. We present an outlook on the future use of Earth observation technology for disaster response and mitigation by putting past and current developments into context and perspective.
11 Alahacoon, Niranga; Pani, Peejush; Matheswaran, Karthikeyan; Samansiri, S.; Amarnath, Giriraj. 2016. Rapid emergency response mapping for the 2016 floods in Kelani river basin, Sri Lanka. Paper presented at the 37th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing (ACRS): Promoting Spatial Data Infrastructure for Sustainable Economic Development, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 17-21 October 2016. 9p.
Natural disasters ; Disaster preparedness ; Flooding ; Emergency relief ; River basins ; Radar satellite ; Satellite imagery ; Landslides ; Remote sensing / Sri Lanka / Kelani River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047943)
Beginning on 14 May 2016, a low pressure area over the Bay of Bengal caused torrential rain to fall across Sri Lanka. Some locations saw over 350 mm (13.77 inches) of rain fall in 24 hours. Floods and landslides have caused havoc in as many as 19 districts of the country, including around Colombo, causing floods and landslides which affected half a million people with causality reported over 100 and estimated economic losses closer to $2billion. In recent years, due to an increasing number in the frequency and intensity of extreme meteorological events potentially related to climate change, a growing attention has been paid to the operational use of satellite remote sensing applied to emergency response and relief measures. This is mainly due to the large and timely availability of different types of remotely sensed data as well as geospatial information acquired in the field which may be potentially exploited in the different phases of the disaster management cycle. IWMI jointly with Disaster Management Centre (DMC), Sri Lanka activated disaster charter with Sentinel Asia and escalated International Disaster Charter to access satellite images during the crisis response phase to support government agencies in relief and rescue measures. A total of 13 satellite images both microwave and optical datasets (ALOS-2, Sentinel-1, RISAT-1, RADARSAT-2, TerraSAR-X, FORMOSAT, Landsat-8) were provided by various space agencies to generate flood situation maps on a daily basis. The emergency flood situation maps were regularly shared to national and international organizations within 3-4 hours after the post-event image is acquired by the space agencies to support in relief measures. The derived flood maps were overlaid with local administrative division to give specific information on the priority area to the DMC and Air Force authorities to focus relief measures. These rapid response maps can further be used for postdisaster relief policy and damage assessment.
12 Lopez, M. G.; Baldassarre, G. D.; Seibert, J. 2017. Impact of social preparedness on flood early warning systems. Water Resources Research, 53(1):522-534. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019387]
Flooding ; Early warning systems ; Disaster preparedness ; Social behaviour ; Disaster risk reduction ; Forecasting ; Efficiency ; Performance evaluation ; Hydrological factors ; Damage ; Costs ; Decision making ; Models ; Sensitivity analysis
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048048)
(2.75 MB)
Flood early warning systems play a major role in the disaster risk reduction paradigm as cost-effective methods to mitigate flood disaster damage. The connections and feedbacks between the hydrological and social spheres of early warning systems are increasingly being considered as key aspects for successful flood mitigation. The behavior of the public and first responders during flood situations, determined by their preparedness, is heavily influenced by many behavioral traits such as perceived benefits, risk awareness, or even denial. In this study, we use the recency of flood experiences as a proxy for social preparedness to assess its impact on the efficiency of flood early warning systems through a simple stylized model and implemented this model using a simple mathematical description. The main findings, which are based on synthetic data, point to the importance of social preparedness for flood loss mitigation, especially in circumstances where the technical forecasting and warning capabilities are limited. Furthermore, we found that efforts to promote and preserve social preparedness may help to reduce disaster-induced losses by almost one half. The findings provide important insights into the role of social preparedness that may help guide decision-making in the field of flood early warning systems.
13 Amarnath, Giriraj; Matheswaran, Karthikeyan; Pandey, Pooja; Alahacoon, Niranga; Yoshimoto, Shuhei. 2017. Flood mapping tools for disaster preparedness and emergency response using satellite data and hydrodynamic models: a case study of Bagmathi Basin, India. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section A-Physical Sciences, 87(4):941-950. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40010-017-0461-7]
Floodplains ; Flooding ; Disaster preparedness ; Satellite observation ; Satellite imagery ; Hydrodynamics ; Models ; Mapping ; Emergencies ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; River basins ; Case studies / India / Bagmathi Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048410)
Northern Bihar is one of the major flood prone region in India affecting thousands of human lives and livelihoods during the recurrent floods occurring due to the monsoonal rains. While it is impossible to prevent the occurrence of extreme flood events, disaster planning can help in mitigating its detrimental effects. Monitoring flood extent using satellite observations just after the flood disasters is a core component of rapid emergency response process, which enables the emergency rescue teams to prioritize their efforts in critical areas to save lives and protect health, in addition to providing near real-time flooding information to the decision makers and planners. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the utility of less data intensive, but equally robust hydrodynamic models to develop flood extent maps in conjunction with freely available remote sensing imageries at different scales. MODIS TERRA satellite data was used to map flood extent from 2001 to 2016 for entire Bihar. Two hydraulic models namely FLDPLN and RRI applied for the Bagmathi basin to evaluate our objectives. Both these models are of varying complexity but generate flood extent patterns with minimum amount of input data. The proposed approach is suited for mapping flood extents to provide an input information in near real time (h) when there is no availability to detailed hydraulic models and satellite datasets. Flood inundation extents from FLDPLN and RRI models were validated with Landsat-7 and MODIS TERRA derived flood extents for model performance. The results show acceptable spatial agreement between model predicted and Landsat-7 observed flood extents, denoting the utility of these tools for flood mapping application in data scarce environments.
14 Sanchez-Triana, E.; Ortolano, L.; Paul, T. 2018. Managing water-related risks in the West Bengal Sundarbans: policy alternatives and institutions. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 34(1):78-96. (Special issue: Politics and Policies for Water Resources Management in India). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1202099]
Water management ; Risk management ; Climate change ; Weather hazards ; Disaster preparedness ; Strategies ; Water policy ; Institutions ; Biodiversity conservation ; Coastal area ; Sea level ; Migration ; Incentives / India / West Bengal / Sundarbans
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048474)
(3.20 MB)
Persistent pressures from water-related threats – sea-level rise, soil and water salinization, and flooding due to embankment overtopping and failure – have made the West Bengal Sundarbans a challenging place to live, and effects of global climate change will only worsen conditions. Four alternative policy directions are examined: business as usual; intensive rural development; short-term out-migration of residents; and embankment realignment and facilitation of voluntary, permanent out-migration. The last of these is the recommended approach. Study findings have informed ongoing deliberations to build consensus on future policy directions for reducing the region’s vulnerability to natural disasters.
15 Nguimalet, C.-R. 2018. Comparison of community-based adaptation strategies for droughts and floods in Kenya and the Central African Republic. Water International, 43(2):183-204. (Special issue: Climate Change and Adaptive Water Management: Innovative Solutions from the Global South). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2017.1393713]
Climate change adaptation ; Community involvement ; Strategies ; Disaster risk management ; Disaster preparedness ; Drought ; Flooding ; Water scarcity ; Watersheds ; Rain ; Socioeconomic environment / Kenya / Central African Republic / Malewa Watershed / Tomi Watershed / Gribingui Watershed / Fafa Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048592)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02508060.2017.1393713?needAccess=true
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048592.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048592.pdf
(2.30 MB) (2.30 MB)
This paper discusses community-based adaptation strategies for droughts and floods in small watersheds in Kenya and the Central African Republic. Survey data on adaptation strategies and annual rainfall data in the watersheds were used to assess the occurrence of floods and droughts, and their impacts. In both areas, the main adaptation strategy for floods is temporary relocation. For droughts, changing livelihood activities was the main adaptation strategy, while relief-seeking applied to both droughts and floods. We recommend greater preparedness, capacity building, and the diversification of livelihoods as means of enhancing adaptation.
16 Liyanaarachchi, P. 2017. Sri Lankawe ganwathura upadrawaya: kriyawaliya, balapema ha kalamanakaranaya. In Sinhalese. [Flood hazard in Sri Lanka: process, impact and management]. Kaduwela, Sri Lanka: Author. 161p.
Flooding ; Flood control ; Weather hazards ; Disaster risk management ; Disaster risk reduction ; Impact assessment ; Forecasting ; Early warning systems ; Disaster preparedness ; Integrated management ; Human behaviour ; State intervention ; Development projects ; Urban areas ; Rain / Sri Lanka / Kelani River Basin / Nilwala River Basin / Gin Ganga / Colombo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 627.4 G744 LIY Record No: H049109)
(0.56 MB)
17 Liyanaarachchi, P. 2017. Apada kalamanakaranaye muladharma. In Sinhalese. [Principles of disaster management]. Kaduwela, Sri Lanka: Author. 213p.
Disaster risk management ; Weather hazards ; Health hazards ; Epidemics ; Mapping ; Natural disasters ; Risk assessment ; Impact assessment ; Disaster preparedness ; Early warning systems ; Technology transfer ; GIS ; Models ; Information management ; Mass media ; Community involvement ; Gender ; Awareness raising ; Training ; International organizations ; Policies / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.34 G744 LIY Record No: H049110)
(0.76 MB)
18 Mapedza, Everisto; Tsegai, D.; Bruntrup, M.; McLeman, R. (Eds.) 2019. Drought challenges: policy options for developing countries. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. 363p. (Current Directions in Water Scarcity Research Volume 2)
Drought tolerance ; Policies ; Developing countries ; Climate change mitigation ; Adaptation ; Weather hazards ; Early warning systems ; Disaster preparedness ; Resilience ; Monitoring ; Satellite observation ; Remote sensing ; Forecasting ; Food security ; Energy ; Water scarcity ; Nexus ; Intercropping ; Maize ; Legumes ; Crop insurance ; Livestock management ; Forage ; Sustainable land management ; Rainwater harvesting ; Strategies ; Impact assessment ; Gender ; Small scale farming ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Migration ; Conflicts ; Indigenous knowledge ; Semiarid zones ; Drylands ; SADC countries ; Living standards ; Households ; Social protection ; Rural areas ; Pastoralists ; Communities / Africa South of Sahara / Southern Africa / East Africa / Latin America / South Asia / USA / Brazil / Mexico / Colombia / United Republic of Tanzania / Uganda / Ethiopia / Kenya / Mali / India / Yucatan / Xuilub / Andhra Pradesh / Laikipia / Lincoln / Colorado
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049366)
(1.39 MB)
19 McDonnell, Rachael; Fragaszy, S.; Sternberg, T.; Veeravalli, S. 2020. Drought Policy and Management. In Dadson, S. J.; Garrick, D. E.; Penning-Rowsell, E. C.; Hall, J. W.; Hope, R.; Hughes, J. (Eds.). Water science, policy, and management: a global challenge. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley and Sons. pp.233-253.
Drought ; Policies ; Disaster risk management ; Water scarcity ; Legislation ; Governance ; Monitoring ; Climate change ; Arid climate ; Desertification ; Vulnerability ; Mitigation ; Resilience ; Disaster preparedness ; Planning ; Insurance ; Water allocation ; Early warning systems ; Impact assessment ; Strategies ; Institutions ; Case studies / Middle East / North Africa / Morocco / Mongolia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049800)
(0.12 MB)
20 Maru, H.; Haileslassie, Amare; Zeleke, T.; Esayas, B. 2022. Agroecology-based analysis of meteorological drought and mapping its hotspot areas in Awash Basin, Ethiopia. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 8(1):339-360. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-021-01101-y]
Drought ; Mapping ; Agroecological zones ; Meteorological factors ; Precipitation ; Evapotranspiration ; Rain ; Temperature ; Risk management ; Disaster preparedness ; Adaptation ; Arid zones ; Highlands ; Lowland / Ethiopia / Awash Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050179)
(11.30 MB)
Drought-related risk is among the major global challenges of our time. It negatively impacts food security and ecosystem health. It is becoming a persistent problem in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa and specifically in Ethiopia. Information on its intensity and spatiotemporal distribution is critical to contextualize interventions and build agroecosystem and community resilience. This study aims at analyzing spatiotemporal characteristics of meteorological drought over eight Agroecological Zones (AEZs) of the Awash Basin, Ethiopia. Annual gridded temperature and precipitation dataset obtained from the National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia for the period 1983–2016, covering 1655 grid points, were used. The study applied the Standard Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) methods to characterize the meteorological droughts. The study applied Arc GIS 10.5 to map the drought hotspots. From the result, the value of SPEI and SPI methods was divergent in characterizing the magnitude and spatial occurrence of drought episodes. SPEI has more advantages in detecting dry months and a small advantage in detecting dry seasons compared to the SPI. Temporally, wet and dry years dominated the 1990s and 2010s, respectively. Drought dominated 1980s and normal years dominated the 2000s. The spatial context of drought hotspot showed that AEZs in the upper and lower parts of the Awash Basin were hit by severe to extreme drought while the escarpments and middle parts of the basin experienced mild to moderate drought. This contrasts with the common perception that the hot to warm arid lowlands AEZs are the only hotspot areas to drought. Moreover, previously none frequent drought AEZs, such as tepid to cool humid mid-highlands were identified as drought hotspots in the basin. This information could help policymakers to target AEZs and implement context-specific and informed drought risk management decisions and adaptation measures.
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