Your search found 19 records
1 Temesgen, T.; Han, M.; Park, H.; Kim, T.-i. 2016. Policies and strategies to overcome barriers to rainwater harvesting for urban use in Ethiopia. Water Resources Management, 30(14):5205-5215. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-016-1479-3]
Rainwater ; Water harvesting ; Water policy ; Water supply ; Urban areas ; Water use ; Project design ; Strategies ; Planning ; Sustainability ; Barriers ; Costs ; Socioeconomic environment ; State intervention / Ethiopia / Adama
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047903)
(0.53 MB)
The Ethiopian government has been working on rainwater harvesting (RWH) for more than three decades. Despite its efforts, the results are not as expected. Different barriers have posed challenges to promoting RWH in Ethiopia. This study was done to identify the main problems and obstacles, and reflect on potential solutions. As a result, absence of clear policy definitions, lack of sustainably implemented projects, poor societal perceptions of RWH, local professionals lacking proper knowledge, and initial investment costs are found to be major causes of poor outcomes. Considering the site-specific nature of water issues, the authors propose various management strategies such as policy-oriented promotion, formulation of design guidelines, proactive planning, collaborative research, and integration of RWH with cost covering practices.
2 Bjornlund, H.; van Rooyen, A.; Stirzaker, R. 2017. Profitability and productivity barriers and opportunities in small-scale irrigation schemes. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(5):690-704. (Special issue: The Productivity and Profitability of Small Scale Communal Irrigation Systems in South-eastern Africa). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1263552]
Irrigation schemes ; Small scale systems ; Water productivity ; Profitability ; Barriers ; Institutional constraints ; Water governance ; Infrastructure ; Technological changes ; Farm equipment ; Farmer participation ; Government ; Agricultural extension ; Livestock ; Markets ; Supply chain ; Financing ; Land tenure ; Case studies / Tanzania / Mozambique / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048118)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07900627.2016.1263552?needAccess=true#aHR0cDovL3d3dy50YW5kZm9ubGluZS5jb20vZG9pL3BkZi8xMC4xMDgwLzA3OTAwNjI3LjIwMTYuMTI2MzU1Mj9uZWVkQWNjZXNzPXRydWVAQEAw
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048118.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048118.pdf
(1.21 MB) (1.21 MB)
Irrigation development in Sub-Saharan Africa has lagged significantly behind that in other developing countries. Consequently, economic development and food security are also lagging behind. Since the mid-2000s there has been a resurgence in the willingness to invest in irrigation, and Sub-Saharan Africa has the largest potential of any developing region to benefit from it. However, to gain from new investment in irrigation without repeating past failures, it is critical to develop a business model for small-scale irrigation schemes. This article explores the barriers that such a model needs to address to be successful and the opportunities this represents for irrigators’ profitability.
3 Pittock, J.; Bjornlund, H.; Stirzaker, R.; van Rooyen, A. 2017. Communal irrigation systems in South-eastern Africa: findings on productivity and profitability. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(5):839-847. (Special issue: The Productivity and Profitability of Small Scale Communal Irrigation Systems in South-eastern Africa). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2017.1324768]
Communal irrigation systems ; Irrigation schemes ; Smallholders ; Water productivity ; Profitability ; Investment ; Barriers ; Agriculture ; Farmers ; Market access ; State intervention / South eastern Africa / Mozambique / Tanzania / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048120)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07900627.2017.1324768?needAccess=true#aHR0cDovL3d3dy50YW5kZm9ubGluZS5jb20vZG9pL3BkZi8xMC4xMDgwLzA3OTAwNjI3LjIwMTcuMTMyNDc2OD9uZWVkQWNjZXNzPXRydWVAQEAw
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048120.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048120.pdf
(0.89 MB) (916 KB)
Significant expansion of irrigated agriculture is planned in Africa, though existing smallholder schemes perform poorly. Research at six schemes in Mozambique, Tanzania and Zimbabwe shows that a range of problems are exacerbated by poor management, with limited market linkages leading to underutilization and a lack of profit. Improving sustainability of these complex systems will require: multiple interventions at different scales; investing in people and institutions as much as hardware; clarity in governments’ objectives for their smallholder irrigation schemes; appropriate business models to enable farmers; and better market linkages.
4 Mdemu, M. V.; Mziray, N.; Bjornlund, H.; Kashaigili, J. J. 2017. Barriers to and opportunities for improving productivity and profitability of the Kiwere and Magozi irrigation schemes in Tanzania. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(5):725-739. (Special issue: The Productivity and Profitability of Small Scale Communal Irrigation Systems in South-eastern Africa). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1188267]
Irrigation schemes ; Productivity ; Profitability ; Barriers ; Financing ; Markets ; Water supply ; Water governance ; Food security ; Crop production ; Farmers ; Households ; Socioeconomic environment ; Farm equipment ; Infrastructure ; Advisory officers ; Access to information / Tanzania / Kiwere Irrigation Scheme / Magozi Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048143)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07900627.2016.1188267?needAccess=true#aHR0cDovL3d3dy50YW5kZm9ubGluZS5jb20vZG9pL3BkZi8xMC4xMDgwLzA3OTAwNjI3LjIwMTYuMTE4ODI2Nz9uZWVkQWNjZXNzPXRydWVAQEAw
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048143.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048143.pdf
(1.51 MB) (1.51 MB)
Irrigation is a key strategy for food security and poverty alleviation among small farmers in Tanzania. However, the potential of irrigation to improve food security is limited by multiple barriers. This article discusses these barriers within the Kiwere and Magozi schemes. Results indicate that water supply barriers are caused by poor irrigation infrastructure and management. Lack of finance is also a critical barrier to increasing overall productivity. Finance affects farmers’ timely access to adequate supply of quality inputs and machinery and availability of transport to access inputs and profitable markets. There is evidence that these barriers have to be addressed holistically.
5 Grafton, R. Q. 2017. Responding to the ‘wicked problem’ of water insecurity. Water Resources Management, 31(10):3023-3041. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-017-1606-9]
Water insecurity ; Water resources ; Water scarcity ; Water stress ; Water supply ; Water users ; Water security ; Water policy ; Water rates ; Risk assessment ; Pricing ; Marginal costs ; Water market ; Equity ; Barriers ; Stakeholders ; Decision making
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048157)
(0.64 MB)
This paper highlights key trends and projections in water scarcity, reviews the ways that water security and water scarcity are most commonly understood, and explores possible responses. Based on a selected review of the literature, an explanation is provided of ways that water pricing can be applied to respond to water insecurity from both a demand and supply perspective. ‘Hard’ and also ‘soft’ approaches that include stakeholder, policy and decision processes are briefly reviewed as ways to promote water security. Collectively, the paper provides a guide about how decision makers might efficiently and equitably respond to the ‘wicked problem’ of water insecurity.
6 Buurman, J.; Santhanakrishnan, D. 2017. Opportunities and barriers in scaling up of 24/7 urban water supply: the case of Karnataka, India. Water Policy, 19(6):1189-1205. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.191]
Water supply ; Urban areas ; Water policy ; Pilot projects ; Project design ; Barriers ; Stakeholders ; Public-private cooperation ; Institutions ; Technology assessment ; Environmental factors ; Case studies / India / Karnataka Urban Water Sector Improvement Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048379)
(0.37 MB)
Scaling up pilot projects providing continuous water supply to households in Indian cities has proved challenging. This study identifies opportunities and barriers in scaling up, in order to derive recommendations for bridging the gap between testing policy innovations and bringing projects to scale. We analyse pilot design, required resources, and drivers of stakeholders, institutions and the environment for a case study in Karnataka and find a wide range of factors that affect adoption of 24/7 water supply. Upscaling should be tailor-made for each area, which requires space, scope and capacity to be created for local involvement.
7 Boelee, E.; Janse, J.; Le Gal, A.; Kok, M.; Alkemade, R.; Ligtvoet, W. 2017. Overcoming water challenges through nature-based solutions. Water Policy, 19(5):820-836. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.105]
Water shortage ; Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Ecosystems ; Aquatic environment ; Biodiversity ; Water use ; Water power ; Water pollution ; Flood control ; Food production ; Forecasting ; Sustainable development ; Ecological factors ; Barriers ; Models ; Urban areas
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048418)
(0.20 MB)
Freshwater is a key resource and medium for various economic sectors and domestic purposes but its use is often at the expense of natural ecosystems. Water management must change to deal with urgent issues and protect aquatic ecosystems and their services, while addressing the demand for water from the competing claims for cities, agriculture, industry, energy and transport. In this paper key water challenges (shortage, pollution, aquatic ecosystems threatened) have been identified via global modelling. By the IMAGE-GLOBIO model chain a Trend scenario up to 2050 was modelled, as well as the potential of three ‘pathways’ aimed at halving average global biodiversity loss while also meeting the sustainable development goals. Biodiversity is then used as a guiding principle to address these challenges because water services depend on healthy and biodiverse ecosystems. Subsequently the potential of nature-based solutions is reviewed for four sub-sectors: cities, food production, hydropower, and flood protection, grouped under the three alternative pathways to meet key water challenges. Mainstreaming biodiversity into water policy requires integrated planning. Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) could provide an opportune starting point as a well recognised integrating framework for planning, to guide the actual implementation of nature-based solutions in sub-sectors.
8 Pandey, R.; Kumar, P.; Archie, K. M.; Gupta, A. K.; Joshi, P. K.; Valente, D.; Petrosillo, I. 2018. Climate change adaptation in the western-Himalayas: household level perspectives on impacts and barriers. Ecological Indicators, 84:27-37. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.08.021]
Climate change adaptation ; Resilience ; Households ; Coping strategies ; Indigenous knowledge ; Planning ; Communication ; Barriers ; Rural communities ; Socioeconomic environment ; Agriculture ; Mountains ; Land degradation ; Ecological factors / India / Western Himalayas / Nainital
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048602)
(1.02 MB)
A vast amount of knowledge and experience on coping with climatic variability and extreme weather events exists within local communities, and indigenous coping strategies are important elements of successful adaptation plans. Traditional knowledge can help to provide efficient, appropriate and time-tested ways of responding to climate change especially in far-flung communities. However, little is known about how traditional coping strategies translate into adaptation to long-term changes, and to what degree they prevent pro-active, transformational responses to climate change. This paper assesses the use of climate related information for communities in the Himalayan foothills of rural India, and reports on the barriers to adaptation planning and actions. Surveys have been carried out to analyze the current practices and the role of information in planning for climate change adaptation in the rural areas of the Nainital region of India located in Western Himalaya. Respondents perceive the local climate change, the intensity of change, and the negative impacts on the community and landscape. Decreases in water quantity and changes in precipitation patterns are among the major concerns for respondents, however, communities have begun to use traditional knowledge and historical climate information for developing strategies suitable to cope with impacts of climate change. Going forward, additional information is needed to match the high priority community needs with viable adaptation strategies. Lack of money, lack of access to information, and lack of awareness or understanding are considered the three largest hurdles besides low priority for adaptation, recognized by community members as barriers to adaptation planning and actions. Adaptation plans must be integrated into both top-down and bottom-up approaches to plan for enabling sustainable development and the efficient use of information for adaptation. Finally, traditional knowledge seems to be useful not only in contrasting climate change impacts, but also in recovering several ecosystem services that work all together for enanching the quality of life of villagers at local scale.
9 Burchfield, E. K.; de la Poterie, A. T. 2018. Determinants of crop diversification in rice-dominated Sri Lankan agricultural systems. Journal of Rural Studies, 61:206-215. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.05.010]
Farming systems ; Diversification ; Rice ; Field crops ; Water availability ; Farmers ; Living standards ; Institutions ; Risks ; Barriers ; Arid zones ; Communities ; Households ; Models / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048824)
(0.74 MB)
Climate-driven changes in water availability in tropical agricultural systems will force many farmers to significantly alter their cultivation practices. In agricultural systems dominated by water-intensive rice cultivation, farmers may need to diversify away from rice to crops that perform better in the new climate. We combine data from interviews and household surveys with Sri Lankan farmers to identify the factors that influence farmers’ decisions to diversify away from rice monoculture. Results indicate that many farmers cannot diversify because of the characteristics of their fields, including elevation, soil quality, irrigation infrastructure, and relative position within an irrigation system. As a result, policies that assume all farmers are able to engage in diversification are unlikely to have the desired impact. Of the farmers whose fields can support diversification, poor market access, market instability, limited government support, and relatively high input costs reduce diversification rates. In addition to creating a supportive institutional environment for the cultivation of other field crops, leveraging existing water management institutions to identify and support farmers with fields suitable to diversification could decrease agricultural water demands and increase water access for farmers unable to engage in diversification.
10 Yomo, M.; Mourad, K. A.; Gnazou, M. D. T. 2019. Examining water security in the challenging environment in Togo, West Africa. Water, 11(2):1-19. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020231]
Water security ; Water resources ; Environmental effects ; Climate change ; Evaluation ; Models ; Water conservation ; Assessment ; Indicators ; Barriers ; River basins ; Economic aspects / Africa South of Sahara / West Africa / Togo / Oti Nord Sub-Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049105)
(0.68 MB) (692 KB)
Water shortages across the globe have increased due to climate change among other factors with negative impacts expected at the river basin level. Anticipating these impacts will help experts act in a timely manner to avoid a future water crisis. As part of addressing the future water shortage impacts on the Togolese community, this paper assessed water security in the context of the global environmental change in the Oti River Basin taking Oti Nord sub-basin (ONSB) as a case study. Key informants’ interviews were done with staff from governmental institutions, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), community-based organizations, and private operators. The Improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model (IFCEM) was used for assessing water security (WS). A basin level WS evaluation system including five subcomponents (external environment security, water resources security, water-society security, water economic security, and water-environment security) and 23 indicators related to climate, socio-economy, water availability, and consumption were constructed. The results showed that the water level is very insecure in the sub-basin for the assessed years (2010, 2015, and 2025) with the year 2025 being the worst (expected a decrease of water security by 20% and 1% in 2025 compared to the years 2015 and 2010, respectively). This insecurity is found to be the result of many factors including technical, institutional, juridical, environmental, socio-cultural, hydrogeological, and demographical factors. However, managerial factors such as institutional instability, the inadequacies in water and related sector evolution, and the absence of de-centralized water management structures, the non-operationalization of management organs/financial instruments, and culture (i.e., taboos and bylaws) are found to be key to the study area. The paper concluded that the operationalization of management organs/financial instruments may enable the application of adopted water policies and regulations, which may lead to a sound and coordinated management of the available water resources since this will enable the government’s self-investment in clean water provision, data acquisition (potential water available and the estimation of economic driven potential water needs, which are key for any sound development), and a stimulated joined effort from the existing institutions. In addition, the establishment of a sound waste management system and awareness raising, and educative activities regarding water pollution will be of great benefit for this cause.
11 World Bank. 2019. Women in water utilities: breaking barriers. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank. 92p.
Women's participation ; Gender equality ; Diversity ; Women in development ; Water supply ; Policies ; Human resources management ; Attitudes ; Leadership ; Barriers ; Social aspects ; Training ; Sanitation ; Economic impact ; Organizations
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049480)
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/32319/140993.pdf?sequence=9&isAllowed=y
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049480.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049480.pdf
(4.78 MB) (4.78 MB)
12 Singh, S. 2020. Farmers’ perception of climate change and adaptation decisions: a micro-level evidence from Bundelkhand Region, India. Ecological Indicators, 116:106475. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106475]
Climate change adaptation ; Farmers attitudes ; Strategies ; Rainfed farming ; Water use ; Cropping patterns ; Barriers ; Resilience ; Vulnerability ; Crop insurance ; Socioeconomic environment ; Households ; Living standards ; Farm income ; Policies / India / Uttar Pradesh / Bundelkhand Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049789)
(1.25 MB)
This paper aims at identifying the key determinants, which influence and motivate farmers to adopt a rational, cost-effective, climate-smart adaptation strategy. Macro data encompasses review of studies using “Scopus database” and Micro data from field survey in dry region of Bundelkhand (Uttar Pradesh), India. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select study sites and respondents. A total of 200 sample households of various land size categories were contacted for collecting data using a well-structured and pre-tested schedule. Study findings revealed that variability in temperature and rainfall has affected adversely to the livelihoods of farmers. Low level of livelihood status, fewer non-farm employment opportunities and low cropped area under irrigation were the main barriers to climate change adaptation. Insurance and credit were the main positive determinants that motivated farmers to adjust farm practices. Early maturing seed varieties and less water consuming crop varieties were the most profitable adaptation strategies. Policy intervention should prioritize eliminating asymmetry in information and communication. Enhancing institutional capacities to forecast weather in small geographic regions accurately and warranting accountability of meteorological department is imperative.
13 Liu, D.; Wang, X.; Aminjafari, S.; Yang, W.; Cui, B.; Yan, S.; Zhang, Y.; Zhu, J.; Jaramillo, F. 2020. Using InSAR [Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar] to identify hydrological connectivity and barriers in a highly fragmented wetland. Hydrological Processes, 14p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13899]
Wetlands ; Hydrological factors ; SAR (radar) ; Radar imagery ; Water levels ; Satellites ; Remote sensing ; Interferometry ; Barriers ; Ecosystems ; Grasslands ; Vegetation / China / Baiyangdian Wetland
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049975)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.13899
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049975.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049975.pdf
(3.71 MB) (3.71 MB)
Hydrological connectivity is a critical determinant of wetland functions and health, especially in wetlands that have been heavily fragmented and regulated by human activities. However, investigating hydrological connectivity in these wetlands is challenging due to the costs of high-resolution and large-scale monitoring required in order to identify hydrological barriers within the wetlands. To overcome this challenge, we here propose an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)-based methodology to map hydrologic connectivity and identify hydrological barriers in fragmented wetlands. This methodology was applied along 70 transects across the Baiyangdian, the largest freshwater wetland in northern China, using Sentinel 1A and 1B data, covering the period 2016–2019. We generated 58 interferograms providing information on relative water level changes across the transects that showed the high coherence needed for the assessment of hydrological connectivity. We mapped the permanent and conditional (temporary) barriers affecting connectivity. In total, 11% of all transects are permanently disconnected by hydrological barriers across all interferograms and 58% of the transects are conditionally disconnected. Areas covered by reed grasslands show the most undisturbed hydrological connectivity while some of these barriers are the result of ditches and channels within the wetland and low water levels during different periods of the year. This study highlights the potential of the application of Wetland InSAR to determine hydrological connectivity and location of hydrological barriers in highly fragmented wetlands, and facilitates the study of hydrological processes from large spatial scales and long-time scales using remote sensing technique.
14 Thorn, J. P. R.; Aleu, R. B.; Wijesinghe, A.; Mdongwe, M.; Marchant, R. A.; Shackleton, S. 2021. Mainstreaming nature-based solutions for climate resilient infrastructure in peri-urban Sub-Saharan Africa. Landscape and Urban Planning, 216:104235. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104235]
Climate change ; Resilience ; Periurban areas ; Infrastructure ; Mainstreaming ; Barriers ; Legal aspects ; Land use change ; Financing ; Sociocultural environment ; Ecosystem services ; Risk reduction ; Households ; Settlement / Africa South of Sahara / Namibia / United Republic of Tanzania / Windhoek / Dar es Salaam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050637)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204621001985/pdfft?md5=3cae6cb42cf68d24299e83f7efa75088&pid=1-s2.0-S0169204621001985-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050637.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050637.pdf
(9.23 MB) (9.23 MB)
Despite a growing recognition of the importance of designing, rehabilitating, and maintaining green infrastructure to provide essential ecosystem services and adapt to climate change, many decision makers in sub-Saharan Africa continue to favour engineered solutions and short term economic growth at the expense of natural landscapes and longer term sustainability agendas. Existing green infrastructure is typically maintained in more affluent suburbs, inadvertently perpetuating historic inequalities. This is in part because there remains a lack of fine-grained, comparative evidence on the barriers and enablers to mainstreaming green infrastructure in peri-urban areas. Here, we developed an analytical framework based on a review of 155 studies, screened to include 29 studies in 24 countries. Results suggest eight overarching categories of interconnected barriers to green infrastructure in peri-urban areas. Using a combinatorial mixed method approach, we then surveyed households in nine settlements in drought-prone Windhoek (n=330) and seven settlements in flood-prone Dar es Salaam (n=502) and conducted key informant interviews (n=118). Peri-urban residents in Windhoek and Dar es Salaam indicated 18 forms of green infrastructure and 47 derived ecosystem services. The most frequently reported barriers were financial (40.8%), legal and institutional barriers (35.8%) followed by land use change and spatial trade-offs (33%) and finally ecosystem disservices (30.6%). The most significant barriers in Dar es Salaam were legal and institutional (22.7%) and in Windhoek were land use change and spatial trade-offs (24.4%). At the household level, the principal barrier was financial; at community and municipal levels the main barriers were related to design, performance, and maintenance; while at the national level, the main barriers were legal and institutional. Embracing institutional cultures of adaptive policymaking, equitable partnerships, co-designing futures, integrated landscape management and experimental innovation have potential to scale long term maintenance for urban green infrastructure and foster agency, creativity and more transformative relationships and outcomes.
15 Biswas, R. R.; Sharma, R.; Gyasi-Agyei, Y. 2022. Urban water crises: making sense of climate change adaptation barriers and success parameters. Climate Services, 27:100302. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2022.100302]
Water scarcity ; Urban areas ; Climate change adaptation ; Barriers ; Parameters ; Indicators ; Local government ; Water authorities ; Political aspects ; Water supply ; Case studies ; Uncertainty / Australia / Queensland
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051425)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405880722000206/pdfft?md5=d7c88825ab155f1b04f4de61e7a0fc65&pid=1-s2.0-S2405880722000206-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051425.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051425.pdf
(2.12 MB) (2.12 MB)
In this article, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to investigate why urban water organisations are still lacking climate change adaptation in their water security management and planning, the key barriers and how they could be solved and enabled. In addition, urban water crises in the last decade have been examined to emphasise what happened in recent times due to ignorance of water policy makers and decision takers to understand the significance of potential climate impacts on water, and to embark on adaptation measures. Barriers and success parameters in the literature were discussed with local water professionals of the Queensland tropics, Australia, to understand the applicability and importance of these parameters in the region. A selected group of 20 water professionals were interviewed to validate the climate change adaptation barriers and enablers in the broader context of the tropical Queensland. The study shows a strong need for case study-based research to capture in-depth understanding and challenges of climate change adaptation in the region. Lack of support from stakeholders, lack of holistic guidelines and ambiguous policy frameworks were identified as the most critical barriers for climate change adaptation in the Queensland tropics. Quantifiable terminologies to assess the success of climate change adaptation practice are preferred in the water sector, and calculable water security indicators, if correctly developed, can be valuable tools to measure and track the progress of climate change adaptation success in a local water sector.
16 Mannina, G.; Gulhan, H.; Ni, B.-J. 2022. Water reuse from wastewater treatment: the transition towards circular economy in the water sector. Bioresource Technology, 363:127951. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127951]
Water reuse ; Wastewater treatment ; Circular economy ; Business models ; Waste management ; Barriers ; Water quality ; Organic matter ; Climate change ; Irrigation water ; Stakeholders / Europe / Mediterranean Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051521)
(7.43 MB)
Water is crucial for economic development since it interacts with the agricultural, production, and energy sectors. However, the increasing demand and climate change put pressure on water sources. This paper argued the necessity of using reclaimed water for irrigation within the scope of a circular economy. The barriers (i.e., technological and economic, institutional/regulatory, and social) to water reuse practices were revealed. Lessons on how to overcome the barriers were learned from good practices. The roadmaps adopted in the European Union for the transition towards the circular economy were reviewed. It has been observed that these roadmaps are generally on the circularity of solid wastes. However, water is too important for the economy to be ignored in the transition towards circular economy. Research needs and perspective for a comprehensive roadmap to widen water-smart solutions such as water reuse were drawn.
17 Buchy, Marlene; Elias, M.; Khadka, Manohara. 2023. Invisible women: barriers for women professionals in the water, energy, food, and environment sectors in Nepal. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 7:1146187. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1146187]
Gender equality ; Social inclusion ; Role of women ; Barriers ; Leadership ; Water management ; Energy ; Food production ; Environment ; Nexus approaches ; Climate change ; Social norms ; Decision making ; Marginalization ; Discrimination ; Caste systems ; Ethnicity ; Sexual harassment ; Public sector ; Private sector ; Non-governmental organizations ; Policies / Nepal / Kathmandu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052233)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1146187/pdf?isPublishedV2=False
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052233.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052233.pdf
(0.38 MB) (390 KB)
Despite evidence of women’s roles and expertise in the management of water, energy, food, and the environment (WEFE), the WEFE literature is almost silent on gender issues. In the context of climate change, achieving more inclusive management of natural resources is vital; yet women continue to be underrepresented as professionals in WEFE sectors, and largely absent in leadership positions. Using Nepal as a case study, this paper explores the enduring barriers to their exclusion, and entry points for greater equity among professionals in these sectors. To do so, we draw on key informant interviews with 34 male and 31 women professionals from government, civil society, non-governmental organizations and consultants, as well as a roundtable discussion with 20 women professionals specifically focused on gender barriers in these sectors in Nepal. Drawing on Gaventa (2006)’s power cube, this paper examines how power dynamics within and between the public and the private spheres create a web of barriers that conflate to sideline women professionals. While women have reached the “closed space” as defined by Gaventa (i.e., are recruited to professional positions in WEFE sectors), different sources of “hidden” and “invisible” power at play in the public and private spheres continue to limit their participation, influence and decision-making. We argue that the continued marginalization of women professionals calls for a focus on understanding the power and intersectionality dynamics that sustain exclusion. This focus is critical for the development of strategies to increase the voice and leadership of women professionals in WEFE decision-making.
18 Durga, Neha; Schmitter, Petra; Ringler, C.; Mishra, Shrishti; Magombeyi, Manuel S.; Ofosu, Abena; Pavelic, Paul; Hagos, Fitsum; Melaku, Dagmawi; Verma, Shilp; Minh, Thai; Matambo, Chamunorwa. 2024. Barriers to the uptake of solar-powered irrigation by smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review. Energy Strategy Reviews, 51:101294. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2024.101294]
Solar powered irrigation systems ; Irrigation development ; Energy security ; Poverty alleviation ; Barriers ; Smallholders ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Groundwater ; Pumps / Africa South of Sahara / Ethiopia / Kenya / Ghana / South Africa / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052554)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X24000014/pdfft?md5=96090509a659ba087e284cb4b29f18e7&pid=1-s2.0-S2211467X24000014-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052554.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052554.pdf
(0.86 MB) (884 KB)
Irrigation expansion is critical for agricultural and rural development, food and nutrition security, and climate change adaptation in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Lack of accessible energy for irrigation development due to limited off- and on-grid infrastructure and the resulting dependence on costly fuel-based irrigation have been key inhibiting factors for irrigation expansion in the region. Off-grid solar-powered irrigation pumps (SIPs) can overcome many of the energy access and other challenges in the region, but their uptake has been slow. Given the nascent development of the solar irrigation sector in SSA, this paper combines a review of the peer-reviewed and grey literature with key informant interviews to identify systemic barriers to the adoption and growth of solar-powered irrigation. We identify uncovered risks, lack of incentives, and lack of capacity as the key factors limiting the adoption of solar-powered irrigation. Moreover, despite significant global cost reductions, solar-powered irrigation systems remain costly in SSA due to limited market development and geographical constraints. Lack of regulation and low investment in building local institutions and value chains further affect uptake and inhibit leveraging the energy transition for ensuring food security and agriculture-led poverty alleviation in SSA. We propose a move away from thinking of SIPs as “silver bullets” and towards a systems approach and the design of context-specific solutions to address risks, incentives and capacity challenges.
19 Lee, W. - J.; Song, J. 2024. Innovative strategy for enhancing nature-based solutions during climate technology transfer process. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 16:1-17. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790241229822]
Nature-based solutions ; Climate change ; Technology transfer ; Barriers ; Innovation ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Developing countries ; Agroforestry ; Ecosystems ; Stakeholders ; Policies ; Value chains ; Case studies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052541)
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/18479790241229822?download=true
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052541.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052541.pdf
(1.17 MB) (1.17 MB)
Recently, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have increasingly been regarded as a new opportunity to maximize the synergies between nature, society, and the economy. In addition, especially for policymakers and practitioners engaged in climate technology transfer activities from developed to developing countries, this concept is promoted as a cost-effective, agile, and innovative way of tackling various climate challenges to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). Thus, in the present work, to enhance NbS as an innovative implement during the climate technology transfer, we first analyze previous NbS cases during the technical assistance activities for some SDGs accomplished by the United Nations Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN), such as coastal risk protection (to maximize ecosystems, Type 1), agroforestry (to restore ecosystems, Type 2) and green urban design (to create ecosystems, Type 3). Then, through in-depth interviews with NbS stakeholders, we identify dominant barriers to implementing each NbS Type in terms of innovation element: technology, market, and regulation. Finally, based on our staged innovation model considering the two-sided networks, we propose novel strategy for enhancing NbS by overcoming each barrier during the three stages of the climate technology transfer process: NbS technology assessment in the first eco-maximizing stage, blended finances for market creation in the second eco-restoring stage, and regulation incentivization in the third eco-creating stage.
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