Your search found 49 records
1 Steenbergen, F. V. 1992. Changing water allocations and land use and the design of small scale irrigation schemes. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 6:149-159.
Water allocation ; Small scale systems ; Water distribution ; Irrigation design / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 2653, PER Record No: H011993)
2 Humayun, I. A.; Ahmad, M.; Khalil, M.; Ahmad, R. 1992. Plan for rehabilitation and improvement of Karezes in Balochistan: Main report. Vol.1. Pakistan: Pakistan Water & Power Development Authority. [vi], 101p. (P&I publication no.375)
Irrigation systems ; Rehabilitation ; Irrigated farming ; Gravity flow ; Development plans ; Research ; Economic aspects ; Agriculture / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.7 G730 HUM Record No: H012778)
3 Humayun, I. A.; Ahmad, M.; Khalil, M; Ahmad, R. 1992. Plan for rehabilitation and improvement of Karezes in Balochistan: Individual Karez report. Vol.II. Pakistan: Pakistan Water & Power Development Authority. [ii], 513p. (P&I publication no.375)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.7 G730 HUM Record No: H012779)
4 Chandio, B. A.; Azam, M.; Khan, M. Z. I. 1993. Potential role of water users associations for better water management at the farm level: Synthesis of nine studies. In Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI, Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.III. - Role of water users in irrigation management. pp.1-16.
Water user associations ; Water management ; On farm research ; Farmers' associations / Pakistan / Balochistan / Kech Valley / Swat Valley / Chitral / Sind / Punjab
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIMI Record No: H012891)
Considering that little monitoring of the performance of water users associations was conducted until 1986, nine studies to determine the success of water user organizations were recently conducted by social scientists and anthropologists of various universities in Pakistan under the Encouraging Water Users (EWU) sub-project. Based on the fact that the on-farm water management program was launched in the early seventies and that water users associations were not provided legal protection until 1981, the studies also searched for any institutional constraints limiting the viability of the associations. Out of nine studies, three were done in Balochistan to determine community impact and tribal affiliations on collective management of karezes and tubewells. Studies suggested that the tribal system could readily form into a water users association. The studies noted also that the tribal system was a more appropriate system for installation of tubewells than rehabilitation of karezes. Poverty emerged as a larger constraint against the success of water management programs. The study of socioeconomics and irrigation system in Swat indicated that the unplanned and disorganized irrigation system is prone to many problems whereas the study on irrigation and society in Chitral revealed that socially organized farmers could manage irrigation water effectively. Two studies in Sindh and one in Punjab reported that water users associations would not help improve irrigation efficiencies unless other considerations were brought under the domain of water users associations. In Barani areas of Punjab, research suggested that because the local Irrigation Department had shown little interest, water users associations were prime candidates to take responsibility of small dams.
5 Yasin, M.; Ahmad, S.; Ahmad, M. M.; Bhatti, A. A. 1993. Innovative surface irrigation methods for fruit orchards. In Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI, Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.VII. - Improving on-farm water use and application. pp.1-8.
Surface irrigation ; Horticulture ; Border irrigation ; Irrigation requirements / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIMI Record No: H012909)
Surface irrigation methods such as borders, round basins, modified round basins and modified furrows were evaluated for the peach orchard at the Water Resources Research Institute Field Station, NARC, Islamabad. The three methods with slope of 0.75% were compared in terms of savings in irrigation water and duration of irrigation against borders with slope of 0.43%. Compared to borders, savings in water application of 486%, 260% and 464% were observed in round basins, modified round basins and modified furrows, respectively. A similar trend was observed in the duration of irrigation. Distribution uniformity was estimated using minimum and average depth of water infiltrated. Distribution uniformity of 59.2%, 81.3%, 92.3% and 76.6%, was observed for round basins, modified round basins, modified furrows and borders, respectively. Therefore, modified furrows can be used to achieve higher uniformity and five times more area can be irrigated for deciduous orchards. This system also provides an opportunity to have better orchard management where transmission of soil borne diseases is much lower compared to other methods. This method was designed where wetted areas is more or less the same as trickle irrigation except the main furrow line. Thus this system is suitable for areas like Balochistan where water is at premium.
6 Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI. 1993. Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.VIII. - Irrigation systems outside the Indus Basin. 62p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIMI Record No: H012915)
7 Humayun, I. A.; Ahmad, M. 1993. Effects of Karez improvements and future development plan in Balochistan. In Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI, Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.VIII. - Irrigation systems outside the Indus Basin. pp.1-19.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIMI Record No: H012916)
In Balochistan, karez (sloping tunnel) is a very old source of groundwater supply which does not use external energy. This gravity flow system has, in fact, served as a life-line for the region's domestic and irrigation water supply. With intensive installation of tubewells and power driven pumps in the open dugwells and the absence of recharging facilities, the groundwater balance has been disturbed in many parts of the province. The high cost of cleaning and deepening the karez tunnels and access wells to tap deeper aquifer poses serious maintenance constraints. As a result, the performance of the karez has been badly affected and its flow has considerably decreased and, in many cases, ceased. On an experimental basis, WAPDA rehabilitated and improved representative karezes in different areas of the province. As a result of the encouraging findings of these research studies, which enhanced the karez flows five times with a reduced maintenance cost, the Government of Balochistan requested WAPDA to prepare a comprehensive plan for rehabilitation and improvement of all karezes (about 1000) in Balochistan. To identify various problems under similar conditions, Balochistan Province was divided into three regions, namely, Quetta, Loralai and Mekran. Twenty-six sample karezes were studied in detail to form a plan for their improvement and rehabilitation. Data collection, surveys and investigations were carried out in individual karezes according to a comprehensive program prepared based on research already carried out. The data was evaluated to plan necessary improvements and rehabilitation treatments. The required improvements, in priority order, are tunnel cleaning (88%), capping of access wells(100%), tunnel lining (69%), additional branch karezes (65%), tunnel deepening (19%), storage tank lining (46%), open channel lining (35%), deep boring in karez wells (30%), low retention dams (50%), flood protection (23%) and recharge reservoirs (15%). Further evaluation indicates that the proposed improvements are economically viable. It is recommended that the proposed Karez implementations should be carried out in two phases (one short-term, one long-term) and should involve the water users in sharing the cost as far as possible.
8 Khalil, M. 1993. Delay action dams and storage dams in Ziarat Valley - An estimation of economic impact. In Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI, Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.VIII. - Irrigation systems outside the Indus Basin. pp.21-33.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIM Record No: H012917)
Balochistan province has experienced a fall in the groundwater reservoirs as a result of continuous extraction through dugwells and tubewells. Consequently, the extraction of groundwater is becoming more costly day by day and the karezes and natural springs are going dry due to this lowering of the watertable. This situation necessitates the recharging of aquifers artificially. The study was aimed at estimating the economic impact of one means of artificially recharging aquifers in the Ziarat area: two delay action dams complemented by two storage dams. The study shows that these dams have a significant impact on the agricultural production of the area, yielding a 48 percent economic internal rate of return.
9 Ahmad, M. 1993. Advanced irrigation application techniques and their use in Balochistan. In Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI, Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.VIII. - Irrigation systems outside the Indus Basin. pp.35-50.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIMI Record No: H012918)
Being an arid region, Balochistan has very little rainfall, so very little surface water is available for irrigation. The only dependable source is groundwater which is also reducing due to heavy pumpage with tubewells and dugwells and less recharging. This very precious water must be used in the most economical way. At present, farmers use the traditional method of basin flooding, losing a lot of water through evaporation and seepage. For orchard irrigation, some advanced application techniques were successfully tested. The techniques are drip (trickle), bubbler, nozzles and low head bubbler. This paper reviews these techniques. By comparing these systems with traditional flooding system, water savings of 80% by drip, 75% by bubbler and nozzles, and 60% by low head bubbler occur.
10 Ahmad, R. 1993. Effect of brackish water and phosphorus on yield of onion. In Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI, Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.VIII. - Irrigation systems outside the Indus Basin. pp.51-62.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIMI Record No: H012919)
This study was conducted for two crop seasons 1990 and 1991 in two different non-saline, non-sodic, sandy loam fields near Panjpai Tehsil Town, District Quetta, Balochistan. The effect of brackish water on onion yield and on some properties of soil was evaluated through the provision of leaching requirements for leaching of salts added through irrigation water. The role of phosphorus was examined under such saline irrigation conditions.
11 Ahmad, M.; Ahmad, R. 1993. Advanced irrigation application techniques and their use in Balochistan. In IIMI; WAPDA, Irrigation Systems Management Research (ISM/R) Project. Final report: Irrigation systems outside the Indus Basin. [iv], 39p.
Irrigation practices ; Irrigation scheduling ; Irrigation requirements ; Economic evaluation / Pakistan / Balochistan / Indus River
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIM Record No: H013258)
12 Khalil, M. 1993. Economic and financial evaluation of delay action and storage dams in Ziarat Valley. In IIMI; WAPDA, Irrigation Systems Management Research (ISM/R) Project. Final report: Irrigation systems outside the Indus Basin. viii, 40p.
Dams ; Reservoirs ; Economic evaluation ; Irrigated farming ; Water table ; Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Recharge / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIM Record No: H013260)
13 Chandio, B. A.; Azam, M.; Khan, M. Z. I. 1993. Potential role of water users associations for better water management at the farm level: Synthesis of nine studies. In IIMI. Pakistan; PCRWR, Irrigation Systems Management Research (ISM/R) Project. Final report: Encouraging water users associations. 14p.
Water user associations ; Water management ; Case studies ; Social aspects ; Economic aspects / Pakistan / Balochistan / Swat Valley / Chitral / Sind / Punjab
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIM Record No: H013273)
14 Clark, A. K.; Aniq, M. 1993; 1994. Canal irrigation and development opportunities for the Indus Right Bank in Sindh and Balochistan. ICID Bulletin; Water Resources Journal, 42(1):11-32; December:84-94.
Irrigation canals ; Rice ; Wheat ; Salinity control ; Cropping systems ; Agricultural production ; Water use efficiency ; Water table / Pakistan / Sind / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H013962)
15 Kahlown, M. A.; Hamilton, J. R. 1994. Status and prospects of karez irrigation. Water Resources Bulletin, 30(1):125-134.
Tube well irrigation ; Water management ; Channel improvement ; Water users ; Cropping systems ; Water loss / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H014283)
16 Morton, J.; van Hoeflaken, H. 1994. Some findings from a survey of flood irrigation schemes in Balochistan, Pakistan. News from the field: News from Balochistan, Pakistan; Nigeria and Western Thar Desert, India. London, UK: ODI. pp.1-9. (ODI network paper 31)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ODI/94/31 Record No: H014528)
17 van Steenbergen, F. 1993. Village franchises and pro rate contributions: User-financed maintenance of small scale irrigation systems. ICID, 15th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage, The Hague, Netherlands, 1993: Water management in the next century: Transactions: Vol.1-E, Question 45, R1-R29: Irrigation and drainage systems management - Institutional and financial interrelationships. New Delhi, India: ICID. pp.133-141.
Small scale systems ; Financing ; Maintenance ; Water user associations ; Farmer participation / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 631.7 G000 ICI Record No: H015616)
18 Qureshi, Z. A.; Willardson, L. S. 1994. Reducing risk of crop failure by using micro-catchment water harvesting in arid areas. ICID Bulletin, 43(1):13-22.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H015638)
19 van Steenbergen, F. 1997. Institutional change in local water resource management: Cases from Balochistan. Utrecht, Netherlands: Universiteit Utrecht. 231p. (Netherlands geographical studies no.220)
Water resource management ; Organizational change ; Institution building ; Groundwater management ; Resource management ; Land tenure ; Tenancy ; Case studies ; Irrigation systems ; Small scale systems ; Water delivery ; Irrigation scheduling ; Farmer participation ; Spate irrigation ; Flood irrigation ; Water distribution ; Bunds ; Water rights / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G730 VAN Record No: H019777)
20 Kajer, T. O. 1995. Water management research in Balochistan for Agricultural Research Institute, Sariab Quetta - Pakistan: Assessment and recommendations. Unpublished research report prepared by Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development Morrilton, AR, USA. Agricultural Research Project, Phase II. iii, 112p.
Irrigation programs ; Development projects ; Agricultural research ; Water management ; Research institutes ; Groundwater extraction ; Drip irrigation ; Irrigated farming ; Dams ; Water requirements ; Irrigation requirements ; Water loss ; Open channels ; Canal linings ; Irrigation canals ; Horticulture ; Rain-fed farming ; Soil water ; Priority setting / Pakistan / Balochistan
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 4540 Record No: H021267)
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