Your search found 14 records
1 Qu, F.; Heerink, N.; Wang, W.. 1995. Land administration reform in China. Land Use Policy, 12(3):193-203.
Land management ; Land reform ; Land tenure ; Land use ; Legal aspects ; Economic development ; Rural development / China
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H016904)
2 Luo, Y.; Jiang, Y.; Peng, S.; Khan, S.; Cai, Xueliang; Wang, W.; Jiao, X. 2012. Urban weather data to estimate reference evapotranspiration for rural irrigation management. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 138(9):837-842. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000470]
Irrigation management ; Irrigation requirements ; Weather data ; Temperature ; Humidity ; Wind speed ; Evapotranspiration ; Rural areas / China / Kaifeng Station / Huibei Station
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H045719)
(0.94 MB)
Weather data measured in urban areas are generally more easily available than those in rural areas. If the urban weather data are used to calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) for rural irrigation management or spatial and temporal trend analysis, the results may be biased because of the differences in weather variables. We collected daily data for mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures; relative humidity; average wind speed; and sunshine duration from two stations: Kaifeng Station in the City of Kaifeng and Huibei Station in the nearby irrigation scheme for 1984–2009. ET0 for both stations were calculated using the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method and then compared. The results indicated that the difference in daily ET0 was remarkable [with relative error (RE) of 52.6%], the difference between monthly average ET0 increased gradually during the last three decades and the temporal trends in annual average daily ET0 were opposite. There were significant differences in ETC (with RE of 31.1%) and irrigation requirements (with RE of 24.3%) between the two stations. Even though the distance between the two stations is only 20 km, the urban weather cannot be used to estimate ET0 for rural irrigation management.
3 Luo, Y.; Chang, X.; Peng, S.; Khan, S.; Wang, W.; Zheng, Q.; Cai, Xueliang. 2014. Short-term forecasting of daily reference evapotranspiration using the Hargreaves–Samani model and temperature forecasts. Agricultural Water Management, 136:42-51. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.01.006]
Weather forecasting ; Models ; Weather data ; Meteorological stations ; Evapotranspiration ; Temperature / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046345)
(3.51 MB)
Accurate daily reference evapotranspiration (ET0) forecasting is necessary for real-time irrigation forecasting. We proposed a method for short-term forecasting of ET0 using the locally calibrated Hargreaves–Samani model and temperature forecasts. Daily meteorological data from four stations in China for the period 2001–2013 were collected to calibrate and validate the Hargreaves–Samani (HS) model against the Penman–Monteith (PM) model, and the temperature forecasts for a 7-day horizonin 2012–2013 were collected and entered into the calibrated HS model to forecast the ET0. The pro-posed method was tested through comparisons between ET0 forecasts and ET0calculated from observed meteorological data and the PM model. The correlation coefficients between observed and forecasted temperatures for all stations were all greater than 0.94, and the accuracy of the minimum temperature forecast (error within ±2 C) ranged from 60.48% to 76.29% and the accuracy of the maximum tempera-ture forecast ranged from 50.18% to 62.94%. The accuracy of the ET0 forecast (error within ±1.5 mm day-1) ranged from 77.43% to 90.81%, the average values of the mean absolute error ranged from 0.64 to1.02 mm day-1, the average values of the root mean square error ranged from 0.87 to 1.36 mm day-1,and the average values of the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.64 to 0.86. The sources of errors were the error in the temperature forecasts and the fact that the effects of wind speed and relative humidity were not considered in the HS model. The applications illustrated that the proposed method could provide daily ET0forecasts with a certain degree of accuracy for real-time irrigation forecasts.
4 Dillon, P.; Stuyfzand, P.; Grischek, T.; Lluria, M.; Pyne, R. D. G.; Jain, R. C.; Bear, J.; Schwarz, J.; Wang, W.; Fernandez, E.; Stefan, C.; Pettenati, M.; van der Gun, J.; Sprenger, C.; Massmann, G.; Scanlon, B. R.; Xanke, J; Jokela, P.; Zheng, Y.; Rossetto, R.; Shamrukh, M.; Pavelic, Paul; Murray, E.; Ross, A.; Bonilla Valverde, J. P.; Palma Nava, A.; Ansems, N.; Posavec, K.; Ha, K.; Martin, R.; Sapiano, M. 2019. Sixty years of global progress in managed aquifer recharge. Hydrogeology Journal, 27(1):1-30. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-018-1841-z]
Groundwater management ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater extraction ; Groundwater pollution ; Water use ; Water quality ; Water resources ; Water levels ; Water storage ; Water supply ; Aquifers ; Artificial recharge ; Filtration ; Drinking water
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048926)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10040-018-1841-z.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048926.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048926.pdf
(4.47 MB)
The last 60 years has seen unprecedented groundwater extraction and overdraft as well as development of new technologies for water treatment that together drive the advance in intentional groundwater replenishment known as managed aquifer recharge (MAR). This paper is the first known attempt to quantify the volume of MAR at global scale, and to illustrate the advancement of all the major types of MAR and relate these to research and regulatory advancements. Faced with changing climate and rising intensity of climate extremes, MAR is an increasingly important water management strategy, alongside demand management, to maintain, enhance and secure stressed groundwater systems and to protect and improve water quality. During this time, scientific research—on hydraulic design of facilities, tracer studies, managing clogging, recovery efficiency and water quality changes in aquifers—has underpinned practical improvements in MAR and has had broader benefits in hydrogeology. Recharge wells have greatly accelerated recharge, particularly in urban areas and for mine water management. In recent years, research into governance, operating practices, reliability, economics, risk assessment and public acceptance of MAR has been undertaken. Since the 1960s, implementation of MAR has accelerated at a rate of 5%/year, but is not keeping pace with increasing groundwater extraction. Currently, MAR has reached an estimated 10 km3/year, ~2.4% of groundwater extraction in countries reporting MAR (or ~1.0% of global groundwater extraction). MAR is likely to exceed 10% of global extraction, based on experience where MAR is more advanced, to sustain quantity, reliability and quality of water supplies.
5 Grunwald, R.; Feng, Y.; Wang, W.. 2020. Reconceptualization of the transboundary water interaction nexus (TWINS): approaches, opportunities and challenges. Water International, 45(5):458-478. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2020.1780854]
International waters ; International cooperation ; Nexus ; Conflicts ; Water management ; Water resources ; Water governance ; Stakeholders ; Strategies ; Political aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050070)
(0.66 MB)
Using a critical hydropolitics approach, we broaden the context of the Transboundary Water Interaction Nexus framework to provide a tool to analyze interstate relations on the sideline of selected water-related issues regardless of the legal status of actors; distinguish nuances between six intensities of cooperation and conflict; and simultaneously evaluate water events as a form of cooperation, conflict, or both.
6 Qiao, X.; Schmidt, A. H.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, H.; Chen, X.; Xiang, R.; Tang, Y.; Wang, W.. 2021. Surface water quality in the upstream-most megacity of the Yangtze River Basin (Chengdu): 2000–2019 trends, the COVID-19 lockdown effects, and water governance implications. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 10:100118. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2021.100118]
Surface water ; Water quality ; Water management ; River basins ; Water governance ; COVID-19 ; Urban areas ; Water pollution ; Faecal coliforms ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Economic growth ; Downstream ; Monitoring / China / Yangtze River Basin / Chengdu / Sichuan Basin / Min Basin / Tuo Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050539)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972721000192/pdfft?md5=019ccf161166ca9e1fe600744729056a&pid=1-s2.0-S2665972721000192-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050539.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050539.pdf
(2.99 MB) (2.99 MB)
Water is essential for a sustainable economic prosperity, but rapid economic growth and intensive agricultural activities usually cause water pollution. The middle and lower reaches of China’s Yangtze River Basin were urbanized and industrialized much earlier than the upper reach and have been suffering from water pollution. In the past two decades, economic growth accelerated in the upper reach due to several national economic initiatives. Based on analyzing water quality changes from 2000 to 2019 and during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 for Chengdu in the upper reach, we hope to provide some water governance suggestions. In 2019, water at 66% of 93 sites in Chengdu did not achieve the national III standards using measurements of 23 water quality parameters. The top two pollutants were total nitrogen (TN) and fecal coliform (FC). From 2000 to 2019, water quality was not significantly improved at the non-background sites of Chengdu's Min Basin, and the pollution in this basin was mainly from local pollutants release. During the same period, water quality deteriorated in Chengdu’s Tuo Basin, where pollution was the result of pollutant discharges in Chengdu in addition to inter-city pollutant transport. During the COVID-19 lockdown, water quality generally improved in the Min Basin but not in the Tuo Basin. A further investigation on which pollution sources were shut down or not during the lockdown can help make pollution reduction targets. Based on the results, we provide suggestions to strengthen inter-jurisdictional and inter-institutional cooperation, water quality monitoring and evaluation, and ecological engineering application.
7 Liu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Wang, W.; Fan, X.; Cui, W. 2022. Soil moisture droughts in East Africa: spatiotemporal patterns and climate drivers. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 40:101013. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2022.101013]
Soil moisture ; Drought ; Spatial distribution ; Climate change ; Precipitation ; Evapotranspiration ; Air temperature ; Rain ; Forecasting ; Remote sensing ; Datasets / East Africa / Sudan / Ethiopia / Somalia / Uganda / Kenya / United Republic of Tanzania / Burundi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050997)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221458182200026X/pdfft?md5=b96959552f701dd770e537a59907b2bd&pid=1-s2.0-S221458182200026X-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050997.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050997.pdf
(14.90 MB) (14.9 MB)
Study region: East Africa (EA).
Study focus: The current poor capability of drought resistance and the high dependence of local residents on agriculture and animal husbandry initiated a comprehensive understanding of soil moisture (SM) droughts in EA. Previous lower-order subspace drought investigations that have neglected the space–time continuity of actual droughts hindered deeper knowledge of droughts. To fill this gap, this study investigated the SM droughts in EA from a space–time joint perspective, focusing on drought spatiotemporal patterns and variations, and climate drivers.
New hydrological insights for the region: Based on the space–time joint approach, 582 drought clusters and 226 events over 1979–2014 were identified. Spatially, historical droughts presented a dual-centre pattern in the northwest and southeast; they were characterised by high frequency, long duration, and large severity, driven by the climate forcing of precipitation (Prep) and temperature (Temp). This pattern differed seasonally due to the major control of Prep and the partly strengthening effect of Temp. Temporally, seasonal droughts displayed significant (p < 0.05) increasing/decreasing trends in summer/autumn. Regarding the climate drivers, the partial least squares regression approach was first employed in the space–time continuous drought domain. The innovative method clarified the contribution of different climate elements to SM droughts and recognised the critical climate drivers of Prep, wind speed, and downward radiation. The results provides important implications for drought mechanism exploration and drought prediction.
Study focus: The current poor capability of drought resistance and the high dependence of local residents on agriculture and animal husbandry initiated a comprehensive understanding of soil moisture (SM) droughts in EA. Previous lower-order subspace drought investigations that have neglected the space–time continuity of actual droughts hindered deeper knowledge of droughts. To fill this gap, this study investigated the SM droughts in EA from a space–time joint perspective, focusing on drought spatiotemporal patterns and variations, and climate drivers.
New hydrological insights for the region: Based on the space–time joint approach, 582 drought clusters and 226 events over 1979–2014 were identified. Spatially, historical droughts presented a dual-centre pattern in the northwest and southeast; they were characterised by high frequency, long duration, and large severity, driven by the climate forcing of precipitation (Prep) and temperature (Temp). This pattern differed seasonally due to the major control of Prep and the partly strengthening effect of Temp. Temporally, seasonal droughts displayed significant (p < 0.05) increasing/decreasing trends in summer/autumn. Regarding the climate drivers, the partial least squares regression approach was first employed in the space–time continuous drought domain. The innovative method clarified the contribution of different climate elements to SM droughts and recognised the critical climate drivers of Prep, wind speed, and downward radiation. The results provides important implications for drought mechanism exploration and drought prediction.
8 Twecan, D.; Wang, W.; Xu, J.; Mohmmed, A. 2022. Climate change vulnerability, adaptation measures, and risk perceptions at households level in Acholi Sub-region, northern Uganda. Land Use Policy, 115:106011. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106011]
Climate change adaptation ; Vulnerability ; Risk ; Households ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Young workers ; Livelihoods ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Agricultural extension ; Agricultural production ; Rainfall patterns ; Extreme weather events ; Policies / Uganda / Acholi Sub-Region / Gulu / Kitgum / Pader / Amuru / Nwoya / Lamwo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051041)
(1.73 MB)
Uganda is among the world's susceptible countries to climate extremes, such as droughts (IPCC, 2007). This study assesses the risks associated with climate change vulnerability, adaptation techniques used by young smallholder farmers to ease its adverse effects on agriculture. A dataset of 600 randomly selected respondents was collected using the household survey method from Gulu, Kitgum, Pader, Amuru, Nwoya, and Lamwo districts. Finding reveals droughts, increased temperature, pests and diseases, degradation, and poor socioeconomic conditions as the main determinants of climate change. The main adaptation measures revealed were changing crop types, planting early-maturing crops, crop rotation, mixed cropping, and livelihood diversification. Lack of knowledge and information, poverty, inadequate governmental support, limited agricultural extension, insufficient financial capital, illiteracy, and markets were the main constraints hindering access and adoption of advanced adaptation measures. This research provides useful insights and evidence for policy implementation on household farm-level climate change vulnerability, adaptation measures, and risk perceptions in absorbing, adapting, and transforming from climate shocks and threats. The analysis implies that the government should provide agricultural extension services on climate vulnerability and adaptation measures, access to market, financial credits, knowledge and information, accessible livelihoods assets, and end-to-land grabbing. Overall, our results recommend that government authorities and relevant stakeholders integrate and implement climate change adaptation policies at local government operations to ease the vulnerability of smallholder farmers and augment their climate change absorptive, adaptive, and transformative abilities.
9 Wang, Z.; Guo, J.; Ling, H.; Han, F.; Kong, Z.; Wang, W.. 2022. Function zoning based on spatial and temporal changes in quantity and quality of ecosystem services under enhanced management of water resources in arid basins. Ecological Indicators, 137:108725. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108725]
Water resources ; Water management ; River basin management ; Arid zones ; Ecosystem services ; Groundwater ; Water depth ; Evapotranspiration ; Indicators ; Ecological factors ; Soil moisture ; Farmland ; Vegetation index / China / Tarim River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051042)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X22001960/pdfft?md5=e6486faba3832bd2330718ca8ff536a1&pid=1-s2.0-S1470160X22001960-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051042.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051042.pdf
(6.62 MB) (6.62 MB)
With global warming, the contradiction between the supply and demand of water resources is increasingly prominent in arid areas. Enhancing water resource management is an important way to alleviate the shortage of ecological water supply and improve ecosystem services in arid river basins. However, previous studies have rarely conducted comprehensive function zoning of ecosystem services using two aspects: category (quantity) and strength change (quality), based on the changes in ecosystem services. In this regard, two scientific problems need to be solved:(1) quantifying the temporal and spatial changes of ecosystem services and (2) conducting function zoning of ecosystem services in terms of quantity and quality. To answer these two questions, we took the upper and middle reaches of the Tarim River Basin in China as the study area. According to the eco-environmental characteristics of arid basins, this study measured four key indices: carbon storage (CAS), evapotranspiration (ET), temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI) and groundwater depth (GWD). We used the related model to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of these four indicators and the spatial aggregation characteristics of increases and decreases. We used the Reclassify tool of ArcGIS 10.5 to classify areas with more than two important zones as high-quantity ecosystem services zones. We used factor analysis, combined with Quantile, to divide ecosystem service quality into high-quality and low-quality zones. Considering the quantity and quality of ecosystem services, we divided ecosystem services into important, general, sensitive and fragile ecosystem services zones. Based on comprehensive zoning results during 2000–2018, an ecosystem services restoration zoning was determined. We used correlation analysis to analyze the basic drivers of changes in these four indicators. The results showed that during 2000–2018, CAS and ET in the Tarim River Basin increased by 0.2% and 15.3%, respectively, TVDI decreased by 22.5% and GWD rose by 1.7%. In 2018, the hot spots of CAS, ET, TVDI and GWD accounted for a small proportion of the whole study area, accounting for 3.8%, 5.9%, 9.0% and 1.4%, respectively. Compared with 2000, the high-quantity zone of ecosystem services increased by 10.7% and the high-quality zone of ecosystem services increased by 2.0% in 2018. This clearly showed that water diversion and riverway loss were the main factor driving changes in ecosystem services. In terms of maintaining groundwater depth and increasing vegetation coverage, specific counter measures and suggestions for increasing the number of ecosystem services (“increment”) and improving the quality of ecosystem services (“quality improvement”) were proposed. This study can provide a scientific reference for achieving optimal management of water resource systems for similar river basins in arid regions.
10 Wang, W.; Chen, Y.; Chen, Y.; Wang, W.; Zhang, T.; Qin, J. 2022. Groundwater dynamic influenced by intense anthropogenic activities in a dried-up river oasis of Central Asia. Hydrology Research, 53(4):532-546. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.049]
Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater extraction ; Anthropogenic factors ; River basins ; Groundwater table ; Canals ; Surface water ; Evapotranspiration ; Flow discharge ; Precipitation ; Salinity ; Stable isotopes ; Land cover change / Central Asia / Weigan-Kuqa River Basin / Tarim Basin / Wei-Ku Oasis
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051123)
https://iwaponline.com/hr/article-pdf/53/4/532/1043485/nh0530532.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051123.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051123.pdf
(1.19 MB) (1.19 MB)
Intense anthropogenic activities in arid areas have great impacts on groundwater process by causing river dried-up and phreatic decline. Groundwater recharge and discharge have become hot spot in the dried-up river oases of arid regions, but are not well known, challenging water and ecological security. This study applied a stable isotope and end-member mixing analysis method to quantify shallow groundwater sources and interpret groundwater processes using data from 186 water samples in the Wei-Ku Oasis of central Asia. Results showed that shallow groundwater (well depth < 20 m) was mainly supplied by surface water and lateral groundwater flow from upstream, accounting for 88 and 12%, respectively, implying surface water was the dominant source. Stable isotopes and TDS showed obviously spatiotemporal dynamic. Shallow groundwater TDS increased from northwest to southeast, while the spatial variation trend of groundwater d18O was not obvious. Surface water and groundwater in non-flood season had higher values of stable isotopes and TDS than those in flood season. Anthropogenic activities greatly affect groundwater dynamics, where land-cover change and groundwater overexploitation are the main driving factors. The findings would be useful for further understanding groundwater sources and cycling, and help restore groundwater level and desert ecosystem in the arid region.
11 Wang, W.; Straffelini, E.; Pijl, A.; Tarolli, P. 2022. Sustainable water resource management in steep-slope agriculture. Geography and Sustainability, 3(3):214-219. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geosus.2022.07.001]
Water resources ; Water management ; Sustainable agriculture ; Agricultural landscape ; Climate change ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Water harvesting ; Water conservation ; Water storage ; Ecosystem services ; Geographical information systems ; Soil erosion / Italy
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051392)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666683922000505/pdfft?md5=659a8d33c8cd6c48c1f86a6d7bd39872&pid=1-s2.0-S2666683922000505-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051392.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051392.pdf
(3.29 MB) (3.29 MB)
Steep-slope agricultural landscapes are under threat due to climate change. On the one hand, the growing frequency of extreme high-intensity rainfall events concentrated in both temporal and spatial scales are causing flash floods or slope failure risk scenarios. On the other hand, future climate projections indicate a significant expansion of arid zones in the steep slope agricultural system. There is evidence that these landscapes face a high risk of growing water scarcity. Considering their unique role in crop production, ecosystem diversity, and crop production, ecosystem diversity, and cultural heritage, understanding sustainable water resource management for mitigating climate change-induced drought has never been more urgent than today. In these landscapes, unique indigenous knowledge of water conservation is adopted to manage water resources improving their resilience optimally. It is, therefore, necessary to promote water storage to mitigate floods or increase the resilience to prolonged drought (creating at the same time favourable conditions for biodiversity). Modern technological advances (e.g., high-resolution remote sensing and GIS-based modelling) are crucial in supporting these activities and understanding earth’s surface processes.
12 Duan, Y.; Wang, W.; Zhuo, L.; Liu, Y.; Wu, P. 2024. Regional blue and green water-saving potential and regulation paths for crop production: a case study in the Yellow River Basin. Agricultural Water Management, 291:108631. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108631]
Crop production ; Water conservation ; Water footprint ; Semi-arid zones ; Water scarcity ; Soil water ; Precipitation ; Irrigation water ; Evapotranspiration ; Water use ; Models ; Crop yield ; Agricultural water use ; Wheat ; Maize ; Crop yield ; Case studies / Mongolia / Yellow River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052447)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377423004961/pdfft?md5=e150324100e395740524b3d1e718ecc7&pid=1-s2.0-S0378377423004961-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052447.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052447.pdf
(11.30 MB) (11.3 MB)
A comprehensive assessment of the regional water-saving potential (WSP) for crop production is the foundation for setting targets, formulating strategies, and implementing management measures for agriculture. Water footprint (WF) for crop production is a well-known indicator of blue and green water consumption and an effective tool for evaluating blue and green WSP in crop production. The WSP evaluations based on crop WF primarily rely on crop redistribution (CR) and the crop WF benchmark (WFB). The CR can be completed relatively quickly, but the WSP is limited. In contrast, reaching an area’s maximum WSP is possible with WFB, but it requires long-term and multi-aspect inputs. However, existing evaluations of regional crop WSP are often based on a single methodology, and the results are various, which confuse the policymakers at times. This study estimated both blue and green WSP of wheat and maize based on two approaches—crop redistribution (CR) and crop water footprint benchmark (WFB)—at the county level in the Yellow River basin (YRB) in different hydrological years. The WSP was 7–11% based on CR, whereas 17–24% based on the crop WFB. The green WSPs were larger than blue WSPs. Over half of counties had larger WSP based on the WFB. These values vary with the crop, region, and hydrological year. The analysis emphasises the importance of considering both blue and green water, and quantitatively comparing different water-saving methods when evaluating regional crop WSP.
13 Zhang, Y.; Geng, L.; Liang, X.; Wang, W.; Xue, Y. 2024. Which is more critical in predicting farmers' adaptation and mitigation towards climate change: rational decision or moral norm factors. Journal of Cleaner Production, 434:139762. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139762]
Climate change adaptation ; Climate change mitigation ; Farmers ; Agricultural production ; Models / China / Jiangsu / Shaanxi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052605)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652623039203/pdfft?md5=f9d2a3f0917da8639eab00d3a757e1db&pid=1-s2.0-S0959652623039203-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052605.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052605.pdf
(0.60 MB) (616 KB)
Rational decision or moral norm factors are often used to explain pro-environmental behavior. However, the types of factors that influence farmers' high-cost production behavior (climate change adaptation and mitigation) have not been explored.
In response, this study constructed competitive models from multi-theoretical perspective, including the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Value-Identity-Personal norm (VIP) model, which demonstrated rational decision-making factors and moral norm factors, respectively. We collected data from 912 farmers in the Jiangsu and Shaanxi provinces in China by means of a questionnaire survey and empirically tested the explanatory power of the models via partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings suggested that rational decision factors, including perceived behavioral control and attitudes, are better predictors of farmers' climate change coping behavior than moral norm factors, such as subjective norms. There remained a disconnect between the willingness to mitigate formed via perceived behavioral control and the actual behavior, and farmers who actually adopted mitigative climate-change behaviors still faced difficulties or had no control over the outcome. In addition, the effect of altruistic values on mitigating behavior (which predicts future benefits) was more pronounced. These findings pointed to rationality as the primary driver or motivation of pro-environmental behaviors in agricultural production, whereas the explanatory power of morality remained weak.
In response, this study constructed competitive models from multi-theoretical perspective, including the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Value-Identity-Personal norm (VIP) model, which demonstrated rational decision-making factors and moral norm factors, respectively. We collected data from 912 farmers in the Jiangsu and Shaanxi provinces in China by means of a questionnaire survey and empirically tested the explanatory power of the models via partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings suggested that rational decision factors, including perceived behavioral control and attitudes, are better predictors of farmers' climate change coping behavior than moral norm factors, such as subjective norms. There remained a disconnect between the willingness to mitigate formed via perceived behavioral control and the actual behavior, and farmers who actually adopted mitigative climate-change behaviors still faced difficulties or had no control over the outcome. In addition, the effect of altruistic values on mitigating behavior (which predicts future benefits) was more pronounced. These findings pointed to rationality as the primary driver or motivation of pro-environmental behaviors in agricultural production, whereas the explanatory power of morality remained weak.
14 Zhou, G.; Li, Z.; Wang, W.; Wang, Q.; Yu, J. 2024. Understanding the impact of population dynamics on water use utilizing multi-source big data. Journal of Hydroinformatics, jh2024179. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.179]
Water use ; Big data ; Water supply ; Water demand ; Sewage ; Towns ; Villages ; Water resources ; Water levels ; Wastewater treatment / China / Beijing / Haidian / Shangzhuang Town / Xibeiwang Town / Wenquan Town / Sujiatuo Town
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052622)
https://iwaponline.com/jh/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/hydro.2024.179/1356725/jh2024179.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052622.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052622.pdf
(1.42 MB) (1.42 MB)
Population movement, such as commuting, can affect water supply pressure and efficiency in modern cities. However, there is a gap in the research concerning the relationship between water use and population mobility, which is of great significance for urban water supply planning and supporting urban sustainable development. In this study, we analyzed the spatial–temporal dynamics of the population and its underlying mechanisms, using multi-source geospatial big data, including Baidu heat maps (BHMs), land use parcels, and point of interest. Combined with water consumption, sewage volume, and river depth data, the impact of population dynamics on water use was investigated. The results showed that there were obvious differences in population dynamics between weekdays and weekends with a ratio of 1.11 for the total population. Spatially, the population concentration was mainly observed in areas associated with enterprises, industries, shopping, and leisure activities during the daytime, while at nighttime, it primarily centered around residential areas. Moreover, the population showed a significant impact on water use, resulting in co-periods of 24 h and 7 days, and the water consumption as well as the wastewater production were observed to be proportional to the population density. This study can offer valuable implications for urban water resource allocation strategies.
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