Your search found 40 records
1 Molden, D.; Turral, H.; Amerasinghe, F.; Sharma, B. R.; Hatibu, N.; Drechsel, P.; van Koppen, B.; Wester, F.; Tharme, R.; Raschid-Sally, L.; Samad, M.; Murray-Rust, H.; Shah, T.; Acreman, M.; Smakhtin, V.; Peden, D.; Burton, M.; Albergel, J.; Meinzen-Dick, R.; Dunkhorst, B.; Merrey, D.; Mustafa, M.; Brown, D.; Dalton, J.; Flugel, W.; Gichuki, F.; Harrington, L.; Moustafa, M.; Samarasinghe, S. A. P.; Wallender, W.; Mohammed, A. 2002. Integrating research in water, food and environment. Challenge Program on Water and Food background paper 4. In CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. Challenge Program on Water and Food: background papers to the full proposal. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. pp.115-160.
Agricultural research ; Water management ; River basins ; Catchment areas ; Poverty ; Ecosystems ; Water rights ; Groundwater management ; Rain-fed farming ; Water use
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 CGI Record No: H031290)
(2.41 MB)
2 Merrey, D.; Birhane, G.; Dubale, P.; Peden, D.. 2003. Proposed framework for collaborative Research and Capacity Building Program on Water and Land Management in Ethiopia. In McCornick, P. G.; Kamara, A. B.; Tadesse, G. (Eds.), Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia. Proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002. Colombo, Sri Lanka; Nairobi, Kenya: IWMI; ILRI. pp.217-225.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G636 MCC Record No: H031931)
3 Peden, D.; Tadesse, G.; Mammo, M. 2003. Improving the water productivity of livestock: an opportunity for poverty reduction. In McCornick, P. G.; Kamara, A. B.; Tadesse, G. (Eds). Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia: proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization. pp.57-65.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G636 MCC Record No: H032449)
4 Tadesse, G.; Peden, D.. 2003. Livestock grazing impact on vegetation, soil and hydrology in a tropical highland watershed. In McCornick, P. G.; Kamara, A. B.; Tadesse, G. (Eds). Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia: proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization. pp.87-97.
Livestock ; Grassland management ; Watersheds ; Hydrology ; Runoff ; Measurement ; Infiltration / Ethiopia / Ginchi
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G636 MCC Record No: H032452)
5 Gebremedhin, B.; Peden, D.. 2003. Policies and institutions to enhance the impact of irrigation development in mixed crop-livestock systems. In McCornick, P. G.; Kamara, A. B.; Tadesse, G. (Eds). Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia: proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization. pp.168-184.
Irrigation management ; Institutional development ; Policy ; Crop production ; Livestock ; Water demand ; Irrigation water ; Small scale systems ; Investment ; Farmer managed irrigation systems ; Poverty ; Farmers ; Gender ; Water user associations / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G636 MCC Record No: H032460)
6 Merrey, D. J.; Birhane, G.; Dubale, P.; Peden, D.. 2003. Proposed framework for Collaborative Research and Capacity Building Programme on Water and Land Management in Ethiopia. In McCornick, P. G.; Kamara, A. B.; Tadesse, G. (Eds). Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia: proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization. pp.217-225.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G636 MCC Record No: H032961)
7 Taddesse, G.; McCornick, Peter G.; Peden, D.. 2004. Economic importance and environmental challenges of the Awash River Basin to Ethiopia. In Proceedings of Water Rights and Related Water Supply Issues, Water Management Conference, United States Committee on Irrigation and Drainage, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, 13-16 October 2004. pp.257-268.
River basins ; Crop production ; Cropping patterns ; Hydrology ; Desertification / Ethiopia / Awash River Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G136 TAD Record No: H038822)
8 Molden, David; Oweis, T. Y.; Pasquale, S.; Kijne, J. W.; Hanjra, M. A.; Bindraban, P. S.; Bouman, B. A. M.; Cook, S.; Erenstein, O.; Farahani, H.; Hachum, A.; Hoogeveen, J.; Mahoo, H.; Nangia, V.; Peden, D.; Sikka, A.; Silva, P.; Turral, Hugh; Upadhyaya, A.; Zwart, S. 2007. Pathways for increasing agricultural water productivity. In Molden, David (Ed.). Water for food, water for life: a Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London, UK: Earthscan; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.279-310.
Water use ; Productivity ; Crop production ; Evapotranspiration ; Water delivery ; Irrigation management ; Fisheries
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630.7 G000 IWM Record No: H040200)
(2.06 MB)
9 Peden, D.; Tadesse, G.; Misra, A.K .; Ahmed, F. A.; Astatke, A.; Ayalneh, W.; Herrero, M.; Kiwuwa, G.; Kumsa, T.; Mati, B.; Mpairwe, D.; Wassenaar, T.; Yimegnuhal, A. 2007. Water and livestock for human development. In Molden, David (Ed.). Water for food, water for life: a Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London, UK: Earthscan; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.485-514.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630.7 G000 IWM Record No: H040205)
(1.81 MB)
10 Bossio, Deborah; Critchley, W.; Geheb, K.; van Lynden, G.; Mati, B.; Bhushan, P.; Hellin, J.; Jacks, G.; Kolff, A.; Nachtergaele, F.; Neely, C.; Peden, D.; Rubiano, J.; Shepherd, G.; Valentin, Christian; Walsh, M. 2007. Conserving land, protecting water. In Molden, David (Ed.). Water for food, water for life: a Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London, UK: Earthscan; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.551-583.
Water resource management ; Land management ; Soil degradation ; Soil management ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Water pollution ; Households ; Women ; Gender ; Farming systems
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630.7 G000 IWM Record No: H040207)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/Water%20for%20Food%20Water%20for%20Life/Chapters/Chapter%2015%20Land.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H040207.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H040207.pdf
(0.90 MB) (1.66 MB)
11 Alemayehu, B.; Hagos, Fitsum; Haileslassie, A.; Mapedza, Everisto; Gebreselasse, S.; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Peden, D.. 2008. Prospects for payment for environmental services: the case of Blue Nile. In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, F.; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S. Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.). Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.3. Water benefits sharing for poverty alleviation and conflict management; Drivers and processes of change. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. pp.56-60.
Environmental protection ; User charges ; Households ; Sedimentation ; Flooding ; Watershed management ; Cost benefit analysis ; Farmers attitudes ; Stakeholders ; Land management ; Water management ; River basins ; Econometric models / Ethiopia / Blue Nile River Basin / Gumera watersheds / Koga watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G000 HUM Record No: H041696)
http://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/3708/IFWF2_proceedings_Volume%20III.pdf?sequence=1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041696.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041696.pdf
(4.879MB)
12 Mapedza, Everisto; Amede, Tilahun; Geheb, Kim; Peden, D.; Boelee, Eline; Demissie, T. S.; Van Hoeve, E.; Van Koppen, Barbara. 2008. Why gender matters: reflections from the Livestock-Water Productivity Research Project. In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, F.; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S. Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.). Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.2. Increasing rainwater productivity; Multi-purpose water systems. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. pp.97-100.
Gender ; Women ; Female labor ; Households ; Livestock ; Water productivity / Ethiopia / Zimbabwe / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G000 HUM Record No: H041725)
13 Tulu, M.; Boelee, Eline; Taddesse, G.; Peden, D.; Aredo, D. 2008. Estimation of livestock, domestic use, and crop water productivities of SG-2000 Water Harvesting Pilot Projects in Ethiopia. In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, F.; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S. Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.). Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.2. Increasing rainwater productivity; Multi-purpose water systems. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. pp.88-91.
Water harvesting ; Pilot projects ; Water use ; Multiple use ; Households ; Domestic water ; Livestock ; Crop production ; Water productivity ; Farming systems / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G000 HUM Record No: H041726)
http://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/3707/IFWF2_proceedings_Volume%20II.pdf?sequence=1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041726.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041726.pdf
(7.092MB)
14 Haileslassie, A.; Hagos, Fitsum; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Peden, D.; Gebreselassie, S.; Negash, F. 2008. Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages. Paper presented at the Ethiopia National Nile Development Forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 20-21 March 2008. 37p.
River basins ; Environmental degradation ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Water productivity ; Farming systems ; Cropping systems ; Double cropping ; Cereals ; Maize ; Sorghum ; Barley ; Wheat ; Livestock ; Pastoralism ; Farmers attitudes ; Economic aspects / Sudan / Ethiopia / Blue Nile River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041754)
(478KB 0.32 MB)
The Blue Nile Basin (Abay in Ethiopia) covers wide range landscapes and climatic zones in Ethiopia and Sudan. Different agricultural production systems, in the basin, evolved in response to those diverse landscapes and climatic zones, and the attendant human decision dynamics that responds to changing livelihood opportunities. Many production systems studies recognized only mixed agriculture in the highlands and pastoralism in the lowland areas. Now it is widely recognized that several other factors such as land-use, vegetation cover, and different land and water management practices are important in defining production systems. These study approaches help to capture the diverse water and land related livelihoods of the farming communities in upstream and downstream parts of the basin and their impact on their respective environments. In this review, we follow a similar approach but focus at the basin scale to define and characterize major production systems and associated subsystems specifically: small grain cereals-based mixed crop-livestock and maize-sorghum-perennials systems and their associated subsystems. We then focus on water management practices in rainfed and irrigated systems. We also synthesized impacts of those production systems on the environment and upstream-downstream linkage using erosion, sedimentation, livestock and crop water productivity, soil nutrient balances as indicators. Evidences suggest that natural ecosystem services (e.g. regulation services such as nutrient recycling and redistribution) are severely threatened in the Blue Nile basin. On-site and off-site effects of pedogenic processes like sediment removal, transportation, redistribution and attendant environmental impacts (e.g. nutrient balances and water productivity) are highly correlated with dominant farming practices and attendant anthropogenic interventions. Indicators such as water productivity and soil nutrient depletion and farmers’ activities to replenish the lost nutrients are also strongly related to the degree of the farmers’ resource endowments. In view of initiating the upstream community to invest more on land and water management, options for payment for environmental services (PES) must be sought and, interventions that enhance sustainable ecosystem management must use integrated approaches and farming system/subsystems as entry point.
15 Haileslassie, A.; Hagos, Fitsum; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Peden, D.; Gebreselassie, S.; Negash, F. 2008. Indicators of environmental degradation in the Blue Nile Basin: exploring prospects for payment for environmental services. Paper presented at the Second Nile Development Forum, Khartoum, Sudan, 17-19 November 2008. 37p.
Environmental degradation ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Water productivity ; Farming systems ; Mixed cropping ; Cereals ; Maize ; Sorghum ; Barley ; Wheat ; Irrigated farming ; Rainfed farming ; Livestock ; Pastoralism ; Farmers attitudes ; Poverty / Ethiopia / Blue Nile Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041755)
(0.86 MB)
The Blue Nile Basin (Abay in Ethiopia) covers wide range landscapes and climatic zones in Ethiopia and Sudan. Different agricultural production systems, in the basin, evolved in response to those diverse landscapes and climatic zones, and the attendant human decision dynamics that responds to changing livelihood opportunities. Many production systems studies recognized only mixed agriculture in the highlands and pastoralism in the lowland areas. Now it is widely recognized that several other factors such as land-use, vegetation cover, and different land and water management practices are important in defining production systems. These study approaches help to capture the diverse water and land related livelihoods of the farming communities in upstream and downstream parts of the basin and their impact on their respective environments. In this review, we follow a similar approach but focus at the basin scale to define and characterize major production systems and associated subsystems specifically: small grain cereals-based mixed crop-livestock and maize-sorghum-perennials systems and their associated subsystems. We then focus on water management practices in rainfed and irrigated systems. We also synthesized impacts of those production systems on the environment and upstream-downstream linkage using erosion, sedimentation, livestock and crop water productivity, soil nutrient balances as indicators. Evidences suggest that natural ecosystem services (e.g. regulation services such as nutrient recycling and redistribution) are severely threatened in the Blue Nile basin. On-site and off-site effects of pedogenic processes like sediment removal, transportation, redistribution and attendant environmental impacts (e.g. nutrient balances and water productivity) are highly correlated with dominant farming practices and attendant anthropogenic interventions. Indicators such as water productivity and soil nutrient depletion and farmers’ activities to replenish the lost nutrients are also strongly related to the degree of the farmers’ resource endowments. In view of initiating the upstream community to invest more on land and water management, options for payment for environmental services (PES) must be sought and, interventions that enhance sustainable ecosystem management must use integrated approaches and farming system/subsystems as entry point.
16 Peden, D.; Amede, Tilahun; Haileslassie, A.; Taddesse, G. 2008. Strategies for improving livestock water productivity. In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, F.; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S. Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.). Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.1. Keynotes; Cross-cutting topics. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. pp.28-33.
Livestock ; Water productivity ; Assessment ; Investment ; Water management ; Animal feeding ; Drinking water / Africa / Nile River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G000 HUM Record No: H041770)
17 Haileslassie, A.; Hagos, Fitsum; Mapedza, Everisto; Sadoff, Claudia W.; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Gebreselassie, S.; Peden, D.. 2008. Institutional settings and livelihood strategies in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for upstream/downstream linkages. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 75p. (IWMI Working Paper 132) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.313]
River basins ; Water policy ; Institutions ; Institutional development ; Farming systems ; Mixed farming ; Cereals ; Sorghum ; Irrigated farming ; Vegetables ; Pastoralism ; Poverty ; Water supply ; Sanitation ; Labor ; Ecosystems ; Energy ; Water power ; Watershed management ; Water harvesting ; Legal aspects ; Environmental policy ; Water user associations ; Irrigation programs / Africa / Ethiopia / Sudan / Egypt / Blue Nile River Basin / Koga Irrigation Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.3 G100 HAI Record No: H041835)
(474.57KB)
Through rapid assessment of existing literature and review of policy and other official documents, the report synthesizes the existing knowledge and gaps on policies and institutions and identifies key research issues that need in-depth study. The report provides an overview of the range of key livelihoods and production systems in the Blue Nile Basin (BNB) and highlights their relative dependence on, and vulnerability to, water resources and water-related ecosystem services. It also makes an inventory of current water and land related policies and institutions in the BNB, their organizational arrangements, dynamics and linkages and key policy premises. It highlights the major problems in institutional arrangements and policy gaps and makes suggestions for an in-depth Policy and Institutional Studies to be done as part of the Upstream-Downstream Research project.
18 Amede, Tilahun; Descheemaeker, Katrien; Peden, D.; van Rooyen, A. 2009. Harnessing benefits from improved livestock water productivity in crop–livestock systems of Sub-Saharan Africa: synthesis. Rangeland Journal, 31(2):169-178. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1071/RJ09023]
Water scarcity ; Livestock ; Crop production ; Water productivity ; Water conservation ; Institutions ; Policy ; Water market ; Local government / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 636 100 AME Record No: H042279)
(0.22 MB)
The threat of water scarcity in sub-Saharan Africa is real, due to the expanding agricultural needs, climate variability and inappropriate land use. Livestock keeping is the fastest growing agricultural sector, partly because of increasing and changing demands for adequate, quality and diverse food for people, driven by growing incomes and demographic transitions. Besides the economic benefits, rising livestock production could also deplete water and aggravate water scarcity at local and global scales. The insufficient understanding of livestock–water interactions also led to low livestock productivity, impeded sound decision on resources management and undermined achieving positive returns on investments in agricultural water across sub-Saharan Africa. Innovative and integrated measures are required to improve water productivity and reverse the growing trends of water scarcity. Livestock water productivity (LWP), which is defined as the ratio of livestock outputs to the amount of water depleted, could be improved through: (i) raising the efficiency of the water inputs by integrating livestock with crop, water and landscape management policies and practices. Improving feed water productivity by maximising transpiration and minimising evaporation and other losses is critical; (ii) increasing livestock outputs through improved feed management, veterinary services and introducing systemc ompatible breeds; and (iii) because livestock innovation is a social process, it is not possible to gain LWP improvements unless close attention is paid to policies, institutions and their associated processes. Policies targeting infrastructure development would help livestock keepers secure access to markets, veterinary services and knowledge. This paper extracts highlights from various papers presented in the special issue of The Rangeland Journal on technologies and practices that would enable improving water productivity at various scales and the premises required to reverse the negative trends of water depletion and land degradation.
19 Haileslassie, A.; Peden, D.; Gebreselassie, S.; Amede, Tilahun; Wagnew, A.; Taddesse, G. 2009. Livestock water productivity in the Blue Nile Basin: assessment of farm scale heterogeneity. Rangeland Journal, 31(2):213-222. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1071/RJ09006]
Livestock ; Feeds ; Water productivity ; Farming systems ; Crop management ; Evapotranspiration ; River basins ; Land use ; Poverty ; Water depletion ; Households ; Surveys / Ethiopia / Egypt / Sudan / Blue Nile Basin / Gumera Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 636 100 AME Record No: H042281)
(0.37 MB)
A recent study of the livestock water productivity (LWP), at higher spatial scales in the Blue Nile Basin, indicated strong variability across regions. To get an insight into the causes of this variability, we examined the effect of farm households’ access to productive resources (e.g. land, livestock) on LWPin potato–barley, barley–wheat, teff–millet and rice farming systems of the Gumera watershed (in the Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia). We randomly selected 180 farm households. The sizes of the samples, in each system, were proportional to the respective system’s area. Then we grouped the samples, using a participatory wealth ranking method, into three wealth groups (rich, medium and poor) and used structured and pretested questionnaires to collect data on crops and livestock management and applied reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and crop coefficient (Kc) approaches to estimate depleted (evapotranspiration) water in producing animal feed and food crops. Then, we estimated LWPas a ratio of livestock’s beneficial outputs to water depleted. Our results suggest strong variability of LWP across the different systems: ranging between 0.3 and 0.6 US$ m3 year1. The tendency across different farming systems was comparable with results from previous studies at higher spatial scales. The range among different wealth groups was wider (0.1 to 0.6 US$ m3 year1) than among the farming systems. This implies that aggregating water productivity (to a system scale) masks hotspots and bright spots. Our result also revealed a positive trend between water productivity (LWPand crop water productivity, CWP) and farm households’ access to resources. Thus, we discuss our findings in relation to poverty alleviation and integrated land and water management to combat unsustainable water management practices in the Blue Nile Basin.
20 Alemayehu, B.; Hagos, Fitsum; Haileslassie, A.; Mapedza, Everisto; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Peden, D.; Tafesse, T. 2009. Prospect of payments for environmental services in the Blue Nile Basin: examples from Koga and Gumera watersheds, Ethiopia. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.254-280.
River basin management ; Watershed management ; Land management ; Households ; Farmers attitudes ; Economic aspects / Africa / Ethiopia / Blue Nile River Basin / Koga Watershed / Gumera Watershed / Lake Tana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042521)
(0.68 MB)
In transboundary river basins, like the Blue Nile, conflicts over the use of water resources are growing and recent advances in sustainable resource management recognizes the need for approaches that coordinate activities of people dependent on a common resource-base to realize sustainability and equity. Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are a component of a new and more direct conservation paradigm and an emerging concept to finance conservation programs by fostering dialogue between upstream and downstream land users. Those kinds of approach are particularly useful if applied in basins where irrigation schemes are emerging and the service life of reservoir and irrigation canals, in downstream areas are threatened by the sediments moved from upstream region. Here we report the results of our study on the determinants of Willingness to Pay (WTP) and Willingness to Compensate (WTC) for improved land and water management practices in the Blue Nile Basin (Gumera and Koga watersheds). A total of 325 sample households were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique, and a structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from the sample households. We applied Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to elicit WTP using monetary and material payment vehicles. Our results showed that more households are willing to pay in labor than in cash. The mean WTP for improved land and water management was estimated at US$1.06 and US$1.3 months-1 household-1 for upstream and downstream farmers, respectively. Besides, 83.56% of the sample farm households showed WTC the upstream farmers in cash. However, the aggregate WTP falls far short of the estimated investment cost needed for ecosystem restoration. Among others, the number of livestock, size of arable land, access to education and credit by the sample farm households were identified to positively influence sample farmers’ WTP for restoration of ecosystem services and downstream farmers’ WTC for improved ecosystem regulation services. Therefore, institutions and policy measures that enhance environmental education, reduce poverty and foster stakeholders’ cooperation must be promoted. Prospect of Payments for Environmental Services in the Blue Nile Basin: Examples from Koga and Gumera Watersheds.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
