Your search found 4 records
1 Bhatt, Yogesh; Bossio, Deborah; Enfors, E.; Gordon, L.; Kongo, V.; Kosgei, J. R.; Makurira, H.; Masuki, K.; Mul, M.; Tumbo, S. D. 2006. Smallholder system innovations in integrated watershed management (SSI): strategies of water for food and environmental security in drought-prone tropical and subtropical agro-ecosystems. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 59p. (IWMI Working Paper 109; SSI Working Paper 1) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.294]
Watershed management ; Water resources ; Agroecosystems ; Social aspects ; Environmental effects ; Catchment areas ; River basins ; Hydrology ; Models ; Water productivity ; Water balance ; Water harvesting ; Crop production ; Food production ; Farming systems ; Smallholders ; Research projects / Africa South of Sahara / South Africa / Tanzania / Thukela River Basin / Pangani River Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G100 BHA Record No: H039095)
(684KB)
2 Ahmad, Mobin-ud-Din; Magagula, Thulani F.; Love, D.; Kongo, V.; Mul, M. L.; Kinoti, Jeniffer. 2005. Estimating actual evapotranspiration through remote sensing techniques to improve agricultural water management: A case study in the transboundary Olifants Catchment in the Limpopo Basin, South Africa. In 6th WaterNet/WARFSA/GWP Annual Symposium, Ezulwini, Swaziland, 1-4 November 2005.Theme 5: Water use in irrigated agriculture, challenges and opportunities in Southern Africa. 21p.
Evapotranspiration ; Remote sensing ; Models ; River basins ; Water allocation ; Irrigated farming / South Africa / Limpopo Basin / Olifants Catchment / Mpumalanga Province / Chókwè District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.572 G178 AHM Record No: H040786)
This paper describes a case study that uses a remote sensing technique, the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) to assess actual evapotranspiration across a range of land uses in the middle part of the Olifants Basin in South Africa.. SEBAL enables the estimation of pixel scale ETa using red, near infrared and thermal bands from satellite sensors supported by ground-based measurements of wind speed, humidity, solar radiation and air temperature. The Olifants River system, although supplying downstream users in Mpumalanga Province (South Africa) and Chókwè District (Mozambique), is over-committed, principally for irrigation, in the upper reaches. herefore, quantification of evapotranspiration from irrigated lands is very useful to monitor respect of compliance in water allocations and sharing of benefits among different users. A Landsat7 ETM+ image, path 170 row 077, was acquired on 7 January 2002, during the rainy season and was used for this analysis. The target area contains diverse land uses, including rainfed agriculture, irrigated agriculture (centre pivot, sprinkler and drip irrigation systems), orchards and rangelands. Commercial farming rainfed and irrigated agriculture) is one of the main economic activities in the area. SEBAL ETa estimates vary from 0 to 10 mm/day over the image. Lowest ETa was observed for barren/fallow fields and highest for open water bodies. ETa for vegetative areas ranges 3 to 9 mm/day but irrigated areas, using central pivot, drip and sprinkler systems, appear to evaporate with a higher rate: 6 and 9 mm/day. Penman-Monteith reference crop evapotranspiration ET0 on the same day was found to be 7 mm/day. This indicates that these irrigated areas have no water stress and potential yields can be achieved provided there is no nutrient deficiency. The major finding is that SEBAL results showed that 24% of ETa is from agricultural use, compared to 75% from nonagricultural land use classes(predominantly forest) and only 1% from water bodies. Although irrigation accounts for roughly half of diverted streamflow in the basin, it contributes only about 4% of basin-scale daily ETa at the time of assessment.
3 de Bruin, A.; Cinderby, S.; Stein, C.; Kongo, V.; Barron, J. 2011. Opportunities for agricultural water management interventions in the Mkindo Watershed in Tanzania. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). 4p. (SEI Policy Brief)
Agriculture ; Water management ; Groundwater ; Surface water ; Watersheds / Tanzania / Mkindo Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044904)
(138.19KB)
4 Garibay, V. M.; Gitau, M. W.; Kongo, V.; Kisekka, J.; Moriasi, D. 2022. Comparative evaluation of water resource data policy inventories towards the improvement of East African climate and water data infrastructure. Water Resources Management, 36(11):4019-4038. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-022-03231-z]
Water resources ; Databases ; Policies ; Comparative analysis ; Data mining ; Strategies ; Infrastructure ; Water quality ; Meteorological factors / East Africa / Kenya / United Republic of Tanzania / Uganda / Rwanda / Burundi / Ethiopia / South Africa / Canada / United States of America / Germany
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051364)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11269-022-03231-z.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051364.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051364.pdf
(1.66 MB) (1.66 MB)
The recognized challenge of freely accessing climate and water data in East Africa poses a problem in undertaking relevant analytical studies and making informed water resources management decisions in the region. This study seeks to understand the defining characteristics of policies and distribution infrastructure, in the context of meteorological, water quantity, and water quality data, that determine whether or not a user will be able to freely and readily access existing data. An analysis was developed to quantify the information contained in legislation, official documents and websites, and similar textual resources from the study region and elsewhere to establish commonalities, potential trends, and patterns in the documentation behind data streams culminating successfully in a portal or database accessible by the public. A quantitative analysis was applied to discern overall patterns in what constitutes effective policy and to diagnose where there may be impediments in the path between data collection and its application. Generally, the foundational elements present in the documentation pertaining to most accessible data streams represented are: (1) known organization in charge of that data type; (2) known location where this data would be stored; (3) defined data collection format; and (4) commitment to a plan for making data available to potential users. Examination of overlap between elements absent in unsuccessful data streams and present in successful data streams suggests that those without a documented commitment to making data available online rarely result in a functioning, accessible portal and vice versa. Amongst other findings, this knowledge has the potential to contribute towards the development and refinement of policies so that more emphasis is placed on openness and access, leading to informed decision-making and management of water resources.
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