Your search found 12 records
1 Karlberg, L.. 2005. Irrigation with saline water using low-cost drip-irrigation systems in Sub-Saharan Africa. Stockholm, Sweden: Royal Institute of Technology. 26p. + annexes. (TRITA-LWR PhD Thesis 1020)
Water quality ; Soil salinity ; Drip irrigation ; Water use efficiency ; Models ; Tomatoes / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: D 631.7.1 G110 KAR Record No: H036988)
2 Karlberg, L.; Penning de Vries, Frits W. T. 2004. Exploring potentials and constraints of low-cost drip irrigation with saline water in Sub-Saharan Africa. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 29:1035-1042.
Drip irrigation ; Irrigated farming ; Water quality ; Salinity ; Constraints ; Horticulture / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G110 KAR Record No: H036158)
3 de Fraiture, Charlotte; Wichelns, D.; Rockstrom, J.; Kemp-Benedict, E.; Eriyagama, Nishadi; Gordon, L. J.; Hanjra, M. A.; Hoogeveen, J.; Huber-Lee, A.; Karlberg, L.. 2007. Looking ahead to 2050: scenarios of alternative investment approaches. In Molden, David (Ed.). Water for food, water for life: a Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London, UK: Earthscan; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.91-145.
Food supply ; Food production ; Fisheries ; Water use ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming ; Ecosystems ; Poverty
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630.7 G000 IWM Record No: H040196)
(2.97 MB)
4 Rockstrom, J.; Hatibu, N.; Oweis, T. Y.; Wani, S.; Barron, J.; Bruggeman, A.; Farahani, J.; Karlberg, L.; Qiang, Z. 2007. Managing water in rainfed agriculture. In Molden, David (Ed.). Water for food, water for life: a Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London, UK: Earthscan; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.315-352.
Rainfed farming ; Water management ; Water stress ; Drought ; Climate change ; Water policy ; Investment ; Water harvesting ; Water balance
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630.7 G000 IWM Record No: H040201)
(1.97 MB)
5 Lundqvist, J.; de Fraiture, Charlotte; Molden, David; Berndes, G.; Berntell, A.; Falkenmark, M.; Holmen, H.; Karlberg, L.; Lannerstad, M. 2008. Saving water: from field to fork: curbing losses and wastage in the food chain. Draft for CDS, May 2008. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Goteborg, Sweden: Chalmers University; Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). 36p. (SIWI Paper 13)
Food production ; Food supply ; Food consumption ; Water conservation ; Water requirements ; Climate change ; Water scarcity ; Bioenergy ; Developing countries ; Developed countries ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041461)
http://www.siwi.org/documents/Resources/Papers/Paper_13_Field_to_Fork.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/PDF/H041461.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/PDF/H041461.pdf
(2.41 MB)
This report and the Side Event at CSD 16, May 5–16, 2008, are following up reports that have been prepared for two previous CSD meetings, “Water – More Nutrition per Drop” (2004*) and “Let it Reign: The New Water Paradigm for Global Food Security” (2005**). The topics addressed in the previous reports, and also in this report, are the links between water, food and development, which are high on the agenda for Swedish international development collaboration. This report highlights the magnitude of losses and wastage in the food chain, i.e. from field to fork. It is shown that a reduction of losses and wastage would save water and facilitate the achievement of multiple development objectives.
6 de Fraiture, Charlotte; Karlberg, L.; Rockstrom, J. 2009. Can rainfed agriculture feed the world?: an assessment of potentials and risk. In Wani, S.; Rockstorm, J.; Oweis, T. (Eds). Rainfed agriculture unlocking the potential. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.124-132. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 7)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041744)
7 Rockstrom, J.; Karlberg, L.. 2009. Zooming in on the global hotspots of rainfed agriculture in water constrained environments. In Wani, S. P.; Rockstrom, J.; Oweis, T. (Eds.). Rainfed agriculture: unlocking the potential. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.36-43. ((Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 7))
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.586 G000 WAN Record No: H041991)
8 Karlberg, L.; Rockstrom, J.; Falkenmark, M. 2009. Water resource implications of upgrading rainfed agriculture: focus on green and blue water trade-offs. In Wani, S. P.; Rockstrom, J.; Oweis, T. (Eds.). Rainfed agriculture: unlocking the potential. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.44-53. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 7)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.586 G000 WAN Record No: H041992)
9 Garg, K. K.; Karlberg, L.; Wani, S. P.; Berndes, G. 2011. Jatropha production on wastelands in India: opportunities and trade-offs for soil and water management at the watershed scale. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 5(4):410-430. [doi: https://doi.org/ 0.1002/bbb.312]
Waste land ; Jatropha ; Water management ; Water balance ; Soil management ; Watersheds ; Biofuels ; Evapotranspiration ; Sedimentation ; Sediment transport ; Runoff ; Models ; Erosion ; Income ; Farmers ; Water users ; Ecosystems / India / Andhra Pradesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044739)
(1.14 MB)
Biofuel production from feedstocks grown on wastelands is considered a means of addressing concerns about climate change and improving energy security while at the same time providing an additional source of income for the land users. The establishment of biomass plantations on wastelands is likely to affect local livelihoods and can affect surrounding ecosystems by infl uencing hydrologic fl ows and processes such as erosion. We present an assessment of Jatropha plantation establishment on wastelands, using the ArcSWAT modeling tool. The assessment was made for a wasteland located in the Velchal watershed, Andhra Pradesh, India, which recently was converted to a biofuel plantation with Jatropha. The previous land use, in this case grazing, could continue in the Jatropha plantations. Several desirable effects occurred as a result of the land-use conversion: non-productive soil evaporation was reduced as a larger share of the rainfall was channeled to productive plant transpiration and groundwater recharge, and at the same time a more stable (less erosive) runoff resulted in reduced soil erosion and improved downstream water conditions. A win-win situation between improved land productivity and soil carbon content was observed for the Jatropha plantations. On the other hand, the results indicate that at the sub-basin scale, reductions in runoff generation as a result of large-scale conversion of wastelands to Jatropha cropping may pose problems to downstream water users and ecosystems. From a livelihoods perspective, Jatropha production was generally positive, creating a complementary source of income to the farmers, thus strengthening the resilience of the local community. In the future, the potential gain from Jatropha cropping is expected to increase as cropping systems improve and growing biofuel markets result in better conditions for biofuel producers.
10 Karlberg, L.; Garg, K. K.; Barron, J.; Wani, S. P. 2015. Impacts of agricultural water interventions on farm income: an example from the Kothapally Watershed, India. Agricultural Systems, 136:30-38. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2015.02.002]
Agriculture ; Water management ; Farm income ; Watersheds ; Hydrology ; Models ; Supplemental irrigation ; Cropping systems ; Cotton ; Sorghum ; Onions ; Soil depth ; Soil management ; Farmers ; Living standards ; Rain / India / Andhra Pradesh / Kothapally Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047009)
(2.52 MB)
Agricultural water interventions (AWI), e.g. in-situ soil and water conservation strategies, irrigation, and damming of rivers to increase groundwater recharge, have been suggested as important strategies to improve yields in tropical agriculture. Although the biophysical implications of AWIs have been well investigated, the coupling between the biophysical changes and the economic implications thereof is less well understood. In this study we translate the results from a hydrological model, SWAT, on crop yields for different cropping systems with and without agricultural water interventions, to hypothetical farm incomes for a watershed, Kothapally, located in Andhra Pradesh, India. It was found that on average, AWI signifi- cantly improved farm incomes by enabling the cultivation of a high value crop during the monsoon season (cotton), supplementary irrigated to bridge dry spells and replacing a traditional crop (sorghum), and also by enhancing the capacity to produce dry season, fully irrigated vegetable crops, in this case exemplified by onion. AWI combined with cotton resulted in more than a doubling of farm incomes compared to traditional sorghum-based systems without AWI during normal and wet years (i.e. for 75% of the years). Interestingly, we observed that the difference between the AWI system and the no intervention system was larger during years of high average rainfall compared to dry years. It was also found that access to irrigation was more important for farm income than crop choice and AWI per se, and thus farms with access irrigation benefitted more from AWI compared to farmers lacking access to irrigation. In conclusion, we suggest that in order to assess equity aspects in terms of farm income generation following the implementation of an AWI project, there is a need for income analyses at the farm level, since income estimates at the watershed level may mask important differences in economic benefits between farms.
11 Dile, Y. T.; Karlberg, L.; Daggupati, P.; Srinivasan, R.; Wiberg, D.; Rockstrom, J. 2016. Assessing the implications of water harvesting intensification on upstream–downstream ecosystem services: a case study in the Lake Tana basin. Science of The Total Environment, 542:22-35. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.065]
Water harvesting ; Water requirements ; Water quality ; Water use ; Intensification ; Stream flow ; Upstream ; Downstream ; Ecosystem services ; Crop yield ; Supplemental irrigation ; Irrigation water ; Sediment ; Sustainable agriculture ; Intensification ; Ecology ; Decision support systems ; Ponds ; Watersheds ; Soils ; Assessment ; Nutrient availability ; Onions ; Food security ; Food production ; Economic aspects ; Case studies / Ethiopia / Africa South of Sahara / Lake Tana Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047928)
Water harvesting systems have improved productivity in various regions in sub-Saharan Africa. Similarly, they can help retain water in landscapes, build resilience against droughts and dry spells, and thereby contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification. However, there is no strong empirical evidence that shows the effects of intensification of water harvesting on upstream–downstream social–ecological systems at a landscape scale. In this paper we develop a decision support system (DSS) for locating and sizing water harvesting ponds in a hydrological model, which enables assessments of water harvesting intensification on upstream–downstream ecosystem services in meso-scale watersheds. The DSS was used with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for a case-study area located in the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia. We found that supplementary irrigation in combination with nutrient application increased simulated teff (Eragrostis tef, staple crop in Ethiopia) production up to three times, compared to the current practice. Moreover, after supplemental irrigation of teff, the excess water was used for dry season onion production of 7.66 t/ha (median). Water harvesting, therefore, can play an important role in increasing local- to regional-scale food security through increased and more stable food production and generation of extra income from the sale of cash crops. The annual total irrigation water consumption was ~ 4%–30% of the annual water yield from the entire watershed. In general, water harvesting resulted in a reduction in peak flows and an increase in low flows. Water harvesting substantially reduced sediment yield leaving the watershed. The beneficiaries of water harvesting ponds may benefit from increases in agricultural production. The downstream social–ecological systems may benefit from reduced food prices, reduced flooding damages, and reduced sediment influxes, as well as enhancements in low flows and water quality. The benefits of water harvesting warrant economic feasibility studies and detailed analyses of its ecological impacts.
12 Dile, Y. T.; Tekleab, S.; Ayana, E. K.; Gebrehiwot, S. G.; Worqlul, A. W.; Bayabil, H. K.; Yimam, Y. T.; Tilahun, S. A.; Daggupati, P.; Karlberg, L.; Srinivasan, R. 2018. Advances in water resources research in the Upper Blue Nile Basin and the way forward: a review. Journal of Hydrology, 560:407-423. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.03.042]
Water resources ; Research ; Water conservation ; Soil conservation ; Erosion ; Climate change ; Land use ; Catchment areas ; Water balance ; Hydrology ; Models ; Economic development ; Agriculture ; Remote sensing / Ethiopia / Upper Blue Nile Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048798)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169418302087/pdfft?md5=fd653f0a22b3bbc8ecfa4c346eb5cfc9&pid=1-s2.0-S0022169418302087-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048798.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048798.pdf
(1.32 MB) (1.32 MB)
The Upper Blue Nile basin is considered as the lifeline for ~250 million people and contributes ~50 Gm3 / year of water to the Nile River. Poor land management practices in the Ethiopian highlands have caused a significant amount of soil erosion, thereby threatening the productivity of the Ethiopian agricultural system, degrading the health of the aquatic ecosystem, and shortening the life of downstream reservoirs. The Upper Blue Nile basin, because of limited research and availability of data, has been considered as the "great unknown." In the recent past, however, more research has been published. Nonetheless, there is no state-of-the-art review that presents research achievements, gaps and future directions. Hence, this paper aims to bridge this gap by reviewing the advances in water resources research in the basin while highlighting research needs and future directions. We report that there have been several research projects that try to understand the biogeochemical processes by collecting information on runoff, groundwater recharge, sediment transport, and tracers. Different types of hydrological models have been applied. Most of the earlier research used simple conceptual and statistical approaches for trend analysis and water balance estimations, mainly using rainfall and evapotranspiration data. More recent research has been using advanced semi-physically/physically based distributed hydrological models using high-resolution temporal and spatial data for diverse applications. We identified several research gaps and provided recommendations to address them. While we have witnessed advances in water resources research in the basin, we also foresee opportunities for further advancement. Incorporating the research findings into policy and practice will significantly benefit the development and transformation agenda of the Ethiopian government.
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