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1 El-Sheiek, K.; EWUP. Cairo Office Design Team. 1984. Baseline data for improvement of a distributary canal system. Cairo: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. viii, 57p. (EWUP project technical report no.72)
Water supply ; Social aspects ; Irrigation design ; Irrigation efficiency ; Canals ; Cropping systems / Egypt
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G232 ELS Record No: H040)
(1.13 MB)
The EWUP conducted an irrigation research and development program from 1978 to 1984 in the Abu Raya area served by the Daqalt Canal in an effort to improve irrigation water management. Using an interdisciplinary effort, the program included the design, construction and operation of the Daqalt Canal system to deliver water to all farms in sufficient quantity at appropriate times to meet all water needs; to deliver water at an adequate and equitable flow rate and head and to minimize surface losses to drains. The original system was designed, constructed and operated under certain physical and operational assumptions that would minimize use of water while maximizing crop yields for all individual users. The report describes the physical characteristics of the existing system including water supply, canal structures, canal and mesqa surveys, soil conditions, crop patterns, water table levels, on-farm irrigation and water delivery requirements. The socio-economic characteristics of the existing system were also evaluated to assist in developing an equitable water user management program. The Daqalt Canal does not meet its original objectives due to water shortages, inadequate and inequitable flow rates and heads, and large surface losses to drains. These problems are caused by ineffective physical structures operation, conflicts existing with irrigation timing preferences, and poor canal maintenance. As such, the performance of the system falls short of that desired due to incorrect assumptions and improper management, and the entire water delivery system requires renovation within the context of the larger irrigation system. It is recommended that a complete hydraulic model of the existing Daqalt system should be developed under the constraint of available water levels in the Mit Yazid Canal, and the design re-evaluated in light of this model. The renovation process should continue, and water users themselves amalgamated into the design and operation of the water management plan.
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