Your search found 7 records
1 Freeman, D. M.; Azadi, H.; Lowdermilk, M. K. 1982. Power distribution and adoption of agricultural innovations: A structural analysis of villages in Pakistan. Rural Sociology, 47(1):68-80.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 1393 Record No: H01365)
2 Freeman, D. M.; Azadi, H.. 1983. Education, power distribution, and adoption of improved farm practices in Pakistan. Community Development Journal, 18(1):61-67.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 1386 Record No: H01356)
3 Vlek, P. L. G.; Khamzina, A.; Azadi, H.; Bhaduri, A.; Bharati, Luna; Braimoh, A.; Martius, C.; Sunderland, T.; Taheri, F. 2017. Trade-offs in multi-purpose land use under land degradation. Sustainability, 9(12):1-19. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su9122196]
Land degradation ; Land use ; Land conservation ; Multipurpose varieties ; Farmland ; Ecosystem services ; Integrated land management ; Water management ; Urbanization ; Biodiversity ; Farmers ; Stakeholders ; Soil moisture ; Climate change ; Carbon stock assessments ; Crop production
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048411)
(13.9 MB)
Land provides a host of ecosystem services, of which the provisioning services are often considered paramount. As the demand for agricultural products multiplies, other ecosystem services are being degraded or lost entirely. Finding a sustainable trade-off between food production and one or more of other ecosystem services, given the variety of stakeholders, is a matter of optimizing land use in a dynamic and complex socio-ecological system. Land degradation reduces our options to meet both food demands and environmental needs. In order to illustrate this trade-off dilemma, four representative services, carbon sinks, water storage, biodiversity, and space for urbanization, are discussed here based on a review of contemporary literature that cuts across the domain of ecosystem services that are provided by land. Agricultural research will have to expand its focus from the field to the landscape level and in the process examine the cost of production that internalizes environmental costs. In some situations, the public cost of agriculture in marginal environments outweighs the private gains, even with the best technologies in place. Land use and city planners will increasingly have to address the cost of occupying productive agricultural land or the conversion of natural habitats. Landscape designs and urban planning should aim for the preservation of agricultural land and the integrated management of land resources by closing water and nutrient cycles, and by restoring biodiversity.
4 Filho, W. L.; Totin, E.; Franke, J. A.; Andrew, S. M.; Abubakar, I. R.; Azadi, H.; Nunn, P. D.; Ouweneel, B.; Williams, P. A.; Simpson, N. P.; Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative Team. 2021. Understanding responses to climate-related water scarcity in Africa. Science of the Total Environment, 806(Part 1):150420. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150420]
Water scarcity ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Risk reduction ; Resilience ; Food systems ; Livelihoods ; Cities ; Water stress ; Vulnerability ; Rainwater harvesting ; Indigenous knowledge ; Population growth ; Infrastructure ; Sustainability ; Ecosystems ; Economic aspects ; Semiarid zones / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050678)
(2.41 MB)
Water scarcity is a global challenge, yet existing responses are failing to cope with current shocks and stressors, including those attributable to climate change. In sub-Saharan Africa, the impacts of water scarcity threaten livelihoods and wellbeing across the continent and are driving a broad range of adaptive responses. This paper describes trends of water scarcity for Africa and outlines climate impacts on key water-related sectors on food systems, cities, livelihoods and wellbeing, conflict and security, economies, and ecosystems. It then uses systematic review methods, including the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative, to analyse 240 articles and identify adaptation characteristics of planned and autonomous responses to water scarcity across Africa. The most common impact drivers responded to are drought and participation variability. The most frequently identified actors responding to water scarcity include individuals or households (32%), local government (15%) and national government (15%), while the most common types of response are behavioural and cultural (30%), technological and infrastructural (27%), ecosystem-based (25%) and institutional (18%). Most planned responses target low-income communities (31%), women (20%), and indigenous communities (13%), but very few studies target migrants, ethnic minorities or those living with disabilities. There is a lack of coordination of planned adaptation at scale across all relevant sectors and regions, and lack of legal and institutional frameworks for their operation. Most responses to water scarcity are coping and autonomous responses that showed only minor adjustments to business-as-usual water practices, suggesting limited adaptation depth. Maladaptation is associated with one or more dimension of responses in almost 20% of articles. Coordinating institutional responses, carefully planned technologies, planning for projected climate risks including extension of climate services and increased climate change literacy, and integrating indigenous knowledge will help to address identified challenges of water scarcity towards more adaptive responses across Africa.
5 Goli, I.; Azadi, H.; Nooripoor, M.; Baig, M. B.; Viira, A.-H.; Ajtai, I.; Ozgüven, A. I. 2021. Evaluating the productivity of paddy water resources through SWOT analysis: the case of northern Iran. Water, 13(21):2964. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13212964]
Water productivity ; Water resources ; Rice ; Water management ; Water supply ; Infrastructure ; Irrigation water ; Drainage ; Policies ; Climate change ; Strategies / Iran Islamic Republic / Mazandaran / Sari County / Tajan River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050710)
(1.76 MB) (1.76 MB)
Water shortages in rice production represent a formidable challenge for the world’s food, economic, and social security. Water is the most important single component for sustainable rice growth, especially in the world’s traditional rice-growing areas. Therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the improvement of rice water productivity in Northern Iran on the basis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. This study is a qualitative-descriptive survey. A random sampling method was used to determine the sample size, and finally, 105 male and female rural facilitators in Sari city (the capital of Mazandaran Province located in Northern Iran) were surveyed. The results showed that the development of appropriate infrastructure, increasing new irrigation and drainage networks with the aim of increasing the use of efficient water technologies, was the most important strategy. The most necessary strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to improve the water productivity and management of paddy farms in the study area are, respectively, as follows: “fertile paddy fields and relatively good soils in most areas”, “weakness in the participation and interaction of users in water resources projects and paying attention only to the physical development of irrigation networks and ignoring the issues of network operation and farmers’ participation in the management”, “improving irrigation planning”, and “surplus harvest from Tajan River and drop in water level”. Obtained findings may be used to address water scarcity and water quality management issues in the agriculture sector. The results demonstrate that, under potential climate change and water shortages, SWOT may be seen as a guide for contingency initiatives.
6 Goli, I.; Azadi, H.; Najafabadi, M. O.; Lashgarara, F.; Viira, A.-H.; Kurban, A.; Sklenicka, P.; Janeckova, K.; Witlox, F. 2023. Are adaptation strategies to climate change gender neutral? Lessons learned from paddy farmers in northern Iran. Land Use Policy, 125:106470. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106470]
Climate change adaptation ; Strategies ; Gender ; Women ; Rice ; Farmers ; Sustainable livelihoods ; Vulnerability ; Agricultural products ; Food security ; Infrastructure ; Human capital ; Social capital ; Natural capital ; Drought ; Villages ; Communities ; Households / Iran Islamic Republic / Mazandaran
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051533)
(3.16 MB)
Adopting a qualitative approach, this study performs a gender analysis of the climate change effects on rice farmers’ adaptation strategies (AS) in Mazandaran Province (northern Iran) based on the sustainable livelihood approach. For this purpose, 36 male and female heads of households in Arab Mahalla and Qajar Khel villages and 10 heads of households in Kiasar village (in Mazandaran Province) were selected and studied through theoretical and purposeful sampling methods of Corbin and Strauss. These villages have the highest number of female household heads and have been severely affected by the climate crisis in recent years. For the male-headed households (n = 23), the most important climate crisis was drought (f=16), and for the female-headed households (n = 23), drought, cold, and early off-season frost and monsoon storms were the most important (f=13). The results also indicated that in climatic crises, human (X¯=12.35) and social (X¯=13) capital from the women’s perspective and financial (X¯=12.5) and physical (X¯=13) capital from the men’s perspective had the highest vulnerability percentages whereas natural capital was equally affected from both the men’s and women’s viewpoints. One of the innovative aspects of this study is the gender analysis of the impact of climate change on the AS of sustainable livelihood framework based on a qualitative approach. This study recommends that beyond increasing the diversity of living amid climate change, deliberate climate change efforts should be directed at women and that fundamental gender discrimination such as prejudices and gender inequality should be eliminated.
7 Gebrekidan, B. G.; Abbay, A. G.; Azadi, H.; Viira, A.-H.; Tanaskovik, V.; Stamenkovska, I. J.; Nacka, M.; Scheffran, J. 2022. Determinants of farmers' choice to use irrigation systems: the case of northern Ethiopia. Irrigation and Drainage, 17p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2766]
Irrigation systems ; Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation water ; Farmers ; Logit analysis ; Livestock ; Grazing ; Water resources ; Climate change ; Small scale systems ; Households ; Rural development ; Market information services ; Market access / Ethiopia / Tigray / Medebay Zana / Selekleka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051589)
(1.22 MB)
Climate change is thought to be having a negative impact on Africa's agricultural industry. Smallholder farmers who depend heavily on agriculture are more severely affected by climate change. Droughts and the depletion of water resources are two examples of how climate change affects production. Therefore, it is necessary to take steps to reduce the negative effects of climate change in Ethiopia on smallholder farmers in particular and agriculture in general. Therefore, the purpose of this analysis was to identify the factors that affect the increase in irrigation efficiency among farmers in northern Ethiopia. A total of 194 farmers were picked at random and questioned using semi-structured questionnaires. Out of the 18 explanatory variables hypothesized to analyse the preference of farmers for using irrigation in the study area, only 13 were considered important. Of these 13 significant explanatory variables, 4 including health status, labour force members, availability of labour and perception of the advantage of using agricultural inputs were statistically significant with farmers' choice of irrigation.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
