Your search found 5 records
1 Khan, S.; Dassanayake, D.; Mushtaq, S.; Hanjra, M. A. 2009. Predicting water allocations and trading prices to assist water markets. Irrigation and Drainage, 59(4):388-403. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.535]
Water allocation ; Water market ; Water rates ; Neural networks ; Models ; Irrigation water ; River basins / Australia / Murray-Darling River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045605)
(0.37 MB)
Uncertain water allocations and water trading prices are a key constraint to efficient irrigated cropping and water trading decisions. This study shows that neural network models can reasonably forecast seasonal allocations and trading prices in water markets. These models can complement other forecasting techniques such as regression analysis and time series models as the former can better capture the non-linearities in the water trading system. Using a 50% probability risk factor for water variability, the water allocation model showed minor estimation error; however, in one instance the model underestimated the water allocation by 21%. This may be due to exceptionally low initial water allocations and borrowing of water from future years which was outside the training data sets. Similarly, the water trading price forecast model showed modest estimation error of about 11% during 2004/05 probably due to drought. Overall the models have good water allocation and price forecasting accuracy, and the determinants of water trading prices identified by the neural network models are those expected of the econometric models/economic theory.
2 Khan, S.; Mushtaq, S.; Hanjra, M. A.; Schaeffer, J. 2008. Estimating potential costs and gains from an aquifer storage and recovery program in Australia. Agricultural Water Management, 95(4):477-488. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2007.12.002]
Artificial recharge ; Groundwater recharge ; Aquifers ; Water storage ; Drought ; Flow discharge ; Rain ; Catchment areas ; Models ; Costs / Australia / Murrumbidgee Region / Murrumbidgee Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045617)
(1.54 MB)
Artificial recharge of aquifer storage can provide water during drought periods, reverse falling groundwater levels and reduce water losses associated with leakage and evaporation, as compared with surface water storage. We examine the technical and economic potential of artificial storage and recovery for drought mitigation in the Murrumbidgee Region of New South Wales, Australia. Potential locations for infiltration basins and injection/recovery wells are identified according to criteria such as water availability, aquifer suitability, recharge potential, and potential to provide a usable resource. The estimated annual artificial recharge potential is 180,000 ML through a combination of injection wells and infiltration basins. The cost estimates for artificial recharge vary from AU$ 62 ML1 to AU$ 174 ML1 depending on the choice of recharge method. Underground storage capacity can be developed at less than half the cost of surface storage facilities without undesirable environmental consequences or evaporation losses. The estimated benefits of artificial storage and recovery through infiltration basins are three to seven times the costs, during low allocation years.
3 Mushtaq, S.; Khan, S.; Dawe, D.; Hanjra, M. A.; Hafeez, M.; Asghar, M. N. 2008. Evaluating the impact of tax-for-fee reform (Fei Gai Shui) on water resources and agriculture production in the Zhanghe Irrigation System, China. Food Policy, 33(6):576-586. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.04.004]
Water resources ; Agricultural production ; Irrigation systems ; Costs ; Rural finance ; Taxes ; Crop production ; Ponds ; Water use ; Models ; Regression analysis / China / Zhanghe Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045626)
(0.54 MB)
This article questions the effectiveness and viability of rural Tax-for-Fee reform (Fei Gai Shui) on water resources and agriculture production, taking the Zhanghe Irrigation System of China as a case study example. The Fei Gai Shui reform has been heralded as a possible solution for reducing the excessive fiscal burden on peasants. While the reform may achieve in relieving peasant burdens significantly, the initial impact of Fei Gai Shui on water resources and agricultural production indicate least satisfactory trends. The policy shows significant impact on rice yield and area. It might also have profound impact on cropping pattern but it has yet to be seen. Dependence on local water resources such as ponds show significant increase after Fei Gai Shui as it discouraged farmers to rely on regional water sources. Although the lower regional water use under Fei Gai Shui reduced the water charges paid by farmers, the savings were mostly offset by increasing pumping costs in accessing water from local ponds. Without any adjustments, the Fei Gai Shui is likely to cause serious predicament in agricultural sector. It is visioned that local water resources such as water ponds will continue to play an important role in sustaining agricultural production.
4 Mushtaq, S.; Khan, S.; Hafeez, M.; Hanjra, M. A. 2009. Does reliability of water resources matter in the adoption of water-saving irrigation practices?: a case study in the Zhanghe Irrigation System, China. Water Policy, 11(6):661-679. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.033]
Water resources ; Water saving ; Water productivity ; Irrigation systems ; Case studies ; Ponds ; Reservoirs ; Farmers ; Models ; Soil moisture / China / Zhanghe Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H046093)
(0.30 MB)
The aim of the study was to determine whether the reliability of water sources is important in the adoption of water-saving irrigation practices (WSI). It was hypothesized that access to reliable water sources such as water ponds would increase the likelihood of practicing alternate wetting and drying (AWD) for rice cultivation. While it seems intuitively reasonable to assume that farmer’s ability to access reliable water sources would reduce the risk involved in letting the paddy field dry temporarily, and therefore encourage the adoption of AWD, this study found no solid empirical evidence to support the proposition. However, weaker empirical evidence shows that access to reliable water supply from local ponds positively influences AWD practices. The results show that the adoption of AWD is not driven by farmer’s self choice but rather that they are adopting AWD to mitigate risk in the face of increasing water scarcity. The result suggests that water-saving irrigation training and farm size or land distribution system have an important role in the adoption of AWD practices. The policy implication of this research is that imposing institutional water scarcity could be a way to promote the adoption of water-saving irrigation practices.
5 Lan, L.; Mushtaq, S.; Wang, Q. (J.); Barlis, A.; Deniau, A.; Byrareddy, V. M.; Anh, H. T.; Swaans, K. 2024. Are Vietnamese coffee farmers willing to pay for weather index insurance?. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 100:104185. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.104185]
Coffee ; Farmers ; Willingness to pay ; Weather index insurance ; Contingent valuation ; Climate change adaptation ; Risk ; Extreme weather events ; Crop insurance ; Developing countries ; Rainfall / Vietnam / Lam Dong / Dak Lak
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052449)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212420923006659/pdfft?md5=e25434daec9092837c94e431f542cc1f&pid=1-s2.0-S2212420923006659-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052449.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052449.pdf
(1.19 MB) (1.19 MB)
Global coffee production experiences detrimental impacts of climate change. Weather index insurance (WII) offers an opportunity for coffee farmers to mitigate the climate risks in production and motivate them to adopt sustainable farming practices. This study explores Vietnamese farmers' willingness to participate and pay for WII schemes for coffee. A contingent valuation survey was employed on a sample of 151 farmers from the two largest coffee production areas: Lam Dong and Dak Lak provinces. The findings revealed that farmers are willing to pay, on average, US$92.30 per policy for a premium on insurance products. We also found that farmers in Lam Dong are willing to pay more than those in Dak Lak despite fewer Lam Dong farmers being willing to participate in the insurance schemes. The majority of farmers prefer drought to be insured within 3 months of coffee blossom, from February to April. Factors influencing farmers' decision to join the insurance schemes include education, farm size, climate change perception and experiences, and insurance knowledge. The study suggests that the current coffee industry co-contribution to insurance premiums could potentially be reduced by up to 90 %. However, caution must be taken when adjusting co-contribution, as farmers' willingness to pay is heterogeneous. In addition, raising awareness of the impact of climate change on crop production and insurance knowledge training is critical to ensure an increased number of participants in the schemes. The recommendations from this study will contribute to improving the design of coffee insurance products that are tailored to local needs and preferences and will assist in upscaling the products’ outreach in the Coffee Climate Protection Insurance Program.
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