Your search found 6 records
1 Viossanges, Mathieu; Pavelic, Paul; Rebelo, Lisa-Maria; Lacombe, Guillaume; Sotoukee, Touleelor. 2018. Regional mapping of groundwater resources in data-scarce regions: the case of Laos. Hydrology, 5(1):1-24. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology5010001]
Groundwater development ; Water resources ; Mapping ; Hydrogeology ; Aquifers ; Sediment ; Rain ; River basins ; Case studies / Southeast Asia / Lao People's Democratic Republic / China / Myanmar / Thailand / Vietnam / Cambodia / Mekong River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048499)
(11.2 MB)
This study focuses on Laos, a landlocked nation located in South-East Asia with sub-tropical climate and highly seasonal rainfall distribution. Laos is one of the world’s least developed countries, and currently witnesses an unprecedented level of development that is highly reliant on its natural resources, including groundwater. There is currently very limited data and no nationwide assessment of shallow (<30 m) groundwater resources to support sustainable management. This study provides a first step towards addressing this issue by (i) identifying the major aquifer units of the country; (ii) integrating localized data and regional maps into an assessment of the groundwater potential; and (iii) producing quantitative maps of key hydrogeological indicators. Eight aquifer units have been described and evaluated: (i) Basement aquifers, (ii) Volcanic aquifers, (iii) Schists, (iv) Paleozoic sedimentary, (v) Karsts, (vi) Limestones, (vii) Mesozoic sedimentary and (viii) Alluvial sediments. The Mesozoic sandstones and the Alluvial aquifers are the most extensive and productive hydrogeological systems in the country. The Volcanic and Karstic aquifers, although poorly known, might also have important potential. This assessment, along with the maps of quantitative aquifer indicators, provide a significant improvement in both spatial resolution and accuracy compared to previously available information. It will likely support improved management plans and the identification of areas with higher potential for groundwater development.
2 Lacombe, Guillaume; Pavelic, Paul; McCartney, Matthew; Phommavong, K.; Viossanges, Mathieu. 2017. Hydrological assessment of the Xe Champone and Beung Kiat Ngong wetlands [Final Project Report of the Climate Change Adaptation in Wetlands Areas (CAWA)] Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 33p.
Climate change adaptation ; Wetlands ; Hydrological factors ; Ecosystem services ; Catchment areas ; Rain ; Evapotranspiration ; Flow discharge ; Catchment areas ; Groundwater ; Surface water ; Water levels ; Water budget ; Water balance ; Aquifers / Lao People's Democratic Republic / Xe Champone Wetland / Beung Kiat Wetland / Ngong Wetland
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048582)
3 Pavelic, Paul; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Viossanges, Mathieu; Vinh, B. N.; Chung, D. T.; D’haeze, D.; Dat, L. Q.; Ross, A. 2019. Managed aquifer recharge for sustaining groundwater supplies for smallholder coffee production in the central highlands of Vietnam: report on pilot trial design and results from two hydrological years (May 2017 to April 2019). Contribution to WLE project - Sustainable Groundwater. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 68p.
Groundwater recharge ; Aquifers ; Sustainability ; Water supply ; Agricultural production ; Coffee industry ; Highlands ; Groundwater table ; Water quality ; Cost benefit analysis ; Smallholders ; Farmers' attitudes ; Hydroclimatology ; Rain ; Wells ; Monitoring ; Filtration ; Modelling / Vietnam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049492)
(2.77 MB) (2.77 MB)
4 Viossanges, Mathieu; Pavelic, Paul; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Vinh, B. N.; Chung, D. T.; D’haeze, D.; Dat, L. Q. 2019. Linkages between irrigation practices and groundwater availability: evidence from the Krong Buk Micro-Catchment, Dak Lak - Vietnam. Contribution to WLE project - Sustainable Groundwater. Final technical report. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 65p.
Groundwater assessment ; Water availability ; Irrigation practices ; Irrigation methods ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Basin irrigation ; Catchment areas ; Water resources ; Agricultural practices ; Irrigation efficiency ; Aquifers ; Groundwater table ; Water levels ; Water balance ; Pumping ; Water extraction ; Stream flow ; Groundwater recharge ; Forecasting ; Land use ; Soil moisture ; Farmers ; Techniques / Vietnam / Dak Lak / Krong Buk Micro-Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049493)
(5.22 MB) (5.22 MB)
5 Pavelic, Paul; Suhardiman, Diana; Keovilignavong, Oulavanh; Clement, Corentin; Vinckevleugel, Jordan; Bohsung, Seinab M.; Xiong, Kong; Valee, Lengya; Viossanges, Mathieu; Douangsavanh, Somphasith; Sotoukee, Touleelor; Villholth, Karen G.; Shivakoti, B. R.; Vongsathiane, K. 2022. Assessment of options for small-scale groundwater irrigation in Lao PDR. In Re, V.; Manzione, R. L.; Abiye, T. A.; Mukherji, Aditi; MacDonald, A. (Eds.). Groundwater for sustainable livelihoods and equitable growth. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press - Balkema. pp.347-363. (IAH - International Contributions to Hydrogeology 30) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003024101-19]
Groundwater irrigation ; Small scale systems ; Assessment ; Wells ; Boreholes ; Water use ; Crop production ; Cash crops ; Farmers ; Livelihoods ; Households ; Investment / Lao People's Democratic Republic / Vientiane Plain / Ekxang
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H051160)
(2.09 MB)
Groundwater offers smallholder farmers in the lowlands of Lao PDR opportunities to diversify cropping beyond wet season paddy and thus enhance their livelihoods while reducing climate risks. This chapter focuses on evaluating existing and specifically developed groundwater irrigation options on the Vientiane Plain, and framing the findings around the livelihood priorities of different farming groups against a backdrop of agrarian change. Results show that cultivating a range of cash crops using shallow dugwells managed by individual farmers and deeper boreholes managed by the community can be profitable for farmers, while helping to increase the resilience of farming households’ livelihoods. Both options may also represent a viable investment option for farming households lacking access to surface water irrigation, and thus contribute to more equitable growth. The results identify drivers and conditions that incentivize and enable groundwater irrigation to generate positive development outcomes. It also highlights that farmers will not intrinsically engage in groundwater irrigation simply because a good resource is available, but instead, weighs up the pros and cons of a mix of biophysical, socioeconomic, technical, and institutional factors. Agricultural policies aiming to intensify small-scale groundwater irrigation should be cognizant of these nuances as they are critical to successful implementation and management.
6 Pavelic, Paul; Hoanh, Chu Thai; D’haeze, D.; Vinh, B. N.; Viossanges, Mathieu; Chung, D. T.; Dat, L. Q.; Ross, A. 2022. Evaluation of managed aquifer recharge in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 44:101257. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2022.101257]
Aquifers ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater management ; Highlands ; Climate resilience ; Groundwater level ; Rain ; Runoff ; Water quality ; Monitoring ; Water storage ; Irrigation water ; Pilot projects ; Farmers' attitudes / South East Asia / Vietnam / Dak Lak / Krong Buk
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051505)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581822002701/pdfft?md5=ae17cef0a645b5ec39430f2c3407c1e6&pid=1-s2.0-S2214581822002701-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051505.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051505.pdf
(7.11 MB) (7.11 MB)
Study region: Dak Lak province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
Study focus: Intensification of agriculture has resulted in unsustainably high levels of groundwater use in the Central Highlands. High monsoonal rainfall provides opportunities to boost groundwater storage through managed aquifer recharge (MAR), yet experience with MAR in the region is absent. In response, five farm-scale pilots were implemented in collaboration with local farmers whereby runoff from roofs and fields was recharged into shallow dug wells. The pilots were closely monitored over three years.
New hydrological insights for the region: MAR pilots exhibited large contrasts in performance, with volumes recharged ranging from 5 to 530 m3 per year. Pilot sites with cleaner roof runoff water performed best, whilst those using more turbid water from unpaved roads performed worst. Water quality analyses did not identify parameters of major concern for irrigation. Field data and modelling indicate that the size of the recharge water plumes are small relative to the high groundwater velocities making the recharge water difficult to recover from the recharge well in this setting. Water is however contained locally, providing potential for improved water availability within the local area. Farmer attitudes towards MAR vary in response to the technical performance and a range of socioeconomic factors. These findings may provide insights for researchers or practitioners from other regions where groundwater dependence is high but experience in MAR is lacking.
Study focus: Intensification of agriculture has resulted in unsustainably high levels of groundwater use in the Central Highlands. High monsoonal rainfall provides opportunities to boost groundwater storage through managed aquifer recharge (MAR), yet experience with MAR in the region is absent. In response, five farm-scale pilots were implemented in collaboration with local farmers whereby runoff from roofs and fields was recharged into shallow dug wells. The pilots were closely monitored over three years.
New hydrological insights for the region: MAR pilots exhibited large contrasts in performance, with volumes recharged ranging from 5 to 530 m3 per year. Pilot sites with cleaner roof runoff water performed best, whilst those using more turbid water from unpaved roads performed worst. Water quality analyses did not identify parameters of major concern for irrigation. Field data and modelling indicate that the size of the recharge water plumes are small relative to the high groundwater velocities making the recharge water difficult to recover from the recharge well in this setting. Water is however contained locally, providing potential for improved water availability within the local area. Farmer attitudes towards MAR vary in response to the technical performance and a range of socioeconomic factors. These findings may provide insights for researchers or practitioners from other regions where groundwater dependence is high but experience in MAR is lacking.
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