Your search found 11 records
1 Rosegrant, M. W.; Koo, J.; Cenacchi, N.; Ringler, C.; Robertson, R.; Fisher, M.; Cox, C.; Garrett, K.; Perez, N. D.; Sabbagh, P. 2014. Food security in a world of natural resource scarcity: the role of agricultural technologies. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 154p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896298477]
Food security ; Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Technology transfer ; Yields ; Rice ; Wheat ; Maize ; Models ; Climate change ; Drought tolerance ; Plant protection ; Farmers ; Cropping systems ; Zero tillage ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Water harvesting ; Soil fertility / South Asia / East Asia / Africa South of Sahara / Latin America / Caribbean / Middle East / North Africa / North America / Western Europe / Eastern Europe / Central Asia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.7966 G000 ROS Record No: H046529)
http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/oc76.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046529.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046529.pdf
(5.56 MB) (5.56 MB)
2 Nicol, Alan; Langan, Simon; Victor, M.; Gonsalves, J. (Eds.) 2015. Water-smart agriculture in East Africa. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Kampala, Uganda: Global Water Initiative East Africa (GWI EA). 352p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2015.203]
Agriculture ; Water productivity ; Small scale farming ; Irrigation schemes ; Drip irrigation ; Vegetable growing ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Food security ; Drought tolerance ; Crops ; Sorghum ; Rice ; Maize ; Livestock production ; Land management ; Watershed management ; Rain ; Water harvesting ; Water conservation ; Water use ; Water storage ; Groundwater ; Rehabilitation ; Soil conservation ; Participatory approaches ; Highlands ; Erosion ; Sustainable development ; Arid lands ; Catchment areas ; Wetlands ; Income ; Incentives ; Smallholders ; Dams ; Gender ; Natural resources management ; Learning ; Collective action ; Case studies / Africa / Tanzania / Ethiopia / Africa South of Sahara / Uganda / Horn of Africa / Manyoni / Singida / Agago / Otuke / Nile River Basin / Birr Watershed / Debre Mawi Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046950)
(8 MB)
3 Dasgupta, P.; Das, B. S.; Sen, S. K. 2015. Soil water potential and recoverable water stress in drought tolerant and susceptible rice varieties. Agricultural Water Management, 152:110-118. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.12.013]
Water stress ; Soil water potential ; Drought tolerance ; Lowland ; Rice ; Plant growth ; Plant developmental stages ; Soil water content ; Crop yield ; Physiological response ; Models / India / Kharagpur
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047497)
(0.73 MB)
We conducted a two-year field experiment to determine if water stress could be exploited to recover yield in one drought resistant (Vandana) and three susceptible (IR36, IR72 and Swarna) rice varieties. Stress was induced in active tillering, flowering and grain filling stages by suspending irrigation until the soil became sufficiently dry and plants began to show stress symptoms when irrigation was resumed, such that plants could recover from stress. We observed that terminal soil water potential (SWP) as low as -110 kPa in the active tillering stage was less detrimental to relative water content, proline content, and electrolyte leakage. A 27% rise in the level of stress led to ~8%, 44% and 21% increase in yield in IR36, Vandana and Swarna. The possible causes are 23%, 39% and 10% increase in the corresponding root biomass ofthe varieties, resulting in higher water uptake in the vegetative stage treatment plots. This was further supported by high correlations between yield and terminal SWP in this treatment. Critical limits of SWP may be identified to exploit the potential of rice varieties to sustain or improve yield under water stress. Results also suggest an opportunity to design a water saving strategy in lowland rice production.
4 Kansiime, M. K.; Mastenbroek, A. 2016. Enhancing resilience of farmer seed system to climate-induced stresses: insights from a case study in West Nile region, Uganda. Journal of Rural Studies, 47(Part A):220-230. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.08.004]
Farmers attitudes ; Seed sources ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Resilience ; Drought tolerance ; Seed industry ; Performance evaluation ; Beans ; Maize ; Cassava ; Crop production ; Models ; Households ; Social aspects ; Ecological factors ; Case studies / Uganda / West Nile Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047685)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016716302418/pdfft?md5=6954cbf875da9b8f64efcfc5afdaa8dc&pid=1-s2.0-S0743016716302418-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047685.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047685.pdf
(1.17 MB) (1.17 MB)
Given the challenges facing African agriculture resulting from climate-induced stresses, building resilience is a priority. Seed systems are important for enhancing such resilience as seed security has direct links to food security, and resilient livelihoods in general. Using data from a case study in West Nile region in Uganda, we studied practices in farmer seed systems and decisions, particularly in response to climate-induced stress. Results helped to generate recommendations for enhancing seed system resilience. We used social-ecological framework and multinomial logit model to analyze seed systems and factors influencing farmers' decisions about seed use respectively. Farmers ranked drought as the most important climate factor affecting crop production. With over 50% of farmer seed sourced on farm, the effect of climate factors on seed system functioning was perceived in relation to diminishing levels in quantity and quality of yield. Decline in yield affected farmer seed saving, increased grain prices due to high demand, affecting seed availability and affordability. The relative importance of seed sources varied during normal and stress periods, and by crop. Farmers tended to shift from farm-saved seed to social networks and local markets during stress periods. Local Seed Businesses emerged as an alternative source of planting material during stress periods. Formal seed enterprises were important in delivering improved seed, especially for maize, though their importance during stress periods diminished. Farmer characteristics and ecological factors played a role in defining the type of seed used, though their significance varied by crop. We recommend an approach that integrates farmer seed systems with the formal system in general, but specifically focusing on strengthening social networks, promoting farmer seed enterprises and crop adaptation practices at farm scale.
5 Rosenstock, T. S.; Nowak, A.; Girvetz, E. (Eds.) 2019. The climate-smart agriculture papers: investigating the business of a productive, resilient and low emission future. Cham, Switzerland: SpringerOpen. 321p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92798-5]
Climate-smart agriculture ; Climate change adaptation ; Resilience ; Emission ; Forecasting ; Sustainable agriculture ; Farming systems ; Crop production ; Varieties ; Drought tolerance ; Nutrition ; Seed production ; Soils ; Agroforestry ; Participatory approaches ; Public-private cooperation ; Stakeholders ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Entrepreneurship ; Income ; Agricultural extension ; Innovation ; Supply chain ; Risks ; Uncertainty ; Models ; Policies ; Households ; Welfare ; Women ; Livestock ; Infectious diseases ; Rural finance ; Traditional methods ; Stress ; Religion ; Case studies / Africa / Angola / Zimbabwe / Ethiopia / Kenya / Mozambique / Tanzania / Uganda / Namibia / Planalto / Lushoto
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049125)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-92798-5.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049125.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049125.pdf
(8.51 MB) (8.51 MB)
6 Mapedza, Everisto; Tsegai, D.; Bruntrup, M.; McLeman, R. (Eds.) 2019. Drought challenges: policy options for developing countries. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. 363p. (Current Directions in Water Scarcity Research Volume 2)
Drought tolerance ; Policies ; Developing countries ; Climate change mitigation ; Adaptation ; Weather hazards ; Early warning systems ; Disaster preparedness ; Resilience ; Monitoring ; Satellite observation ; Remote sensing ; Forecasting ; Food security ; Energy ; Water scarcity ; Nexus ; Intercropping ; Maize ; Legumes ; Crop insurance ; Livestock management ; Forage ; Sustainable land management ; Rainwater harvesting ; Strategies ; Impact assessment ; Gender ; Small scale farming ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Migration ; Conflicts ; Indigenous knowledge ; Semiarid zones ; Drylands ; SADC countries ; Living standards ; Households ; Social protection ; Rural areas ; Pastoralists ; Communities / Africa South of Sahara / Southern Africa / East Africa / Latin America / South Asia / USA / Brazil / Mexico / Colombia / United Republic of Tanzania / Uganda / Ethiopia / Kenya / Mali / India / Yucatan / Xuilub / Andhra Pradesh / Laikipia / Lincoln / Colorado
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049366)
(1.39 MB)
7 Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Sikka, Alok; Mandave, Vidya; Panda, R. K.; Gorantiwar, S.; Ambast, S. K. 2021. Improving economic water productivity to enhance resilience in canal irrigation systems: a pilot study of the Sina Irrigation System in Maharashtra, India. Water Policy, 23(2):447-465. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.231]
Water productivity ; Economic analysis ; Irrigation systems ; Canals ; Resilience ; Cropping patterns ; Water allocation ; Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater recharge ; Water costs ; Benefit-cost ratio ; Water use ; Drought tolerance ; Water scarcity ; Rain ; Monsoons ; Reservoir storage / India / Maharashtra / Sina Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050317)
https://iwaponline.com/wp/article-pdf/23/2/447/879066/023020447.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050317.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050317.pdf
(0.40 MB) (411 KB)
This paper proposes scenarios to achieve more crop per drop and irrigation for all in water-scarce irrigation systems, with a particular reference to India. It uses economic water productivity (EWP) and water cost curve for EWP as tools to reallocate irrigation consumptive water use (CWU) and identify economically viable cropping patterns. Assessed in the water-scarce Sina irrigation system in Maharashtra, India, the method shows that drought-tolerant annual crops such as fruits and/or fodder should be the preferred option in irrigated cropping patterns. Cropping patterns with orchard or fodder as permanent fixtures will provide sustainable income in low rainfall years. Orchards in combination with other crops will increase EWP and value of output in moderate to good rainfall years. Governments should create an enabling environment for conjunctive water use and allocation of CWU to achieve a gradual shift to high-value annual/perennial crops as permanent fixtures in cropping patterns.
8 Gebru, M.; Holden, S. T.; Alfnes, F. 2021. Adoption analysis of agricultural technologies in the semiarid northern Ethiopia: a panel data analysis. Agricultural and Food Economics, 9:12. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40100-021-00184-6]
Agriculture ; Technology ; Semiarid zones ; Cash crops ; Eragrostis tef ; Wheat ; Drought tolerance ; Market access ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Population ; Rain ; Risk ; Households ; Models / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050330)
https://agrifoodecon.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40100-021-00184-6.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050330.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050330.pdf
(0.41 MB) (424 KB)
Agricultural technology change is required in developing countries to increase the robustness to climate-related variability, feed a growing population, and create opportunities for market-oriented production. This study investigates technological change in the form of adoption of improved wheat, drought-tolerant teff, and cash crops in the semiarid Tigray region in northern Ethiopia. We analyze three rounds of panel data collected from smallholder farms in 2005/2006, 2009/2010, and 2014/2015 with a total sample of 1269 households. Double-hurdle models are used to assess how the likelihood (first hurdle) and intensity of technology adoption (second hurdle) are affected by demographic, weather, and market factors. The results indicate that few smallholders have adopted the new crops; those that have adopted the crops only plant small shares of their land with the new crops, and that there has been only a small increase in adoption over the 10-year period. Furthermore, we found that high population density is positively associated with the adoption of improved wheat, and previous period’s rainfall is positively associated with the adoption of drought-tolerant teff. The adoption of cash crops is positively associated with landholding size and access to irrigation. The policy implications of these results are that the government should increase the improved wheat diffusion efforts in less dense population areas, make sure that drought-tolerant teff seed is available and affordable after droughts, and promote irrigation infrastructure for production of cash crops.
9 Negera, M.; Alemu, T.; Hagos, Fitsum; Haileslassie, Amare. 2022. Determinants of adoption of climate smart agricultural practices among farmers in Bale-Eco Region, Ethiopia. Heliyon, 8(7):E09824. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09824]
Climate-smart agriculture ; Agricultural practices ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Drought tolerance ; High yielding varieties ; Small-scale irrigation ; Integrated disease management ; Pest control ; Weed control ; Soil fertility ; Water conservation ; Climate change ; Socioeconomic environment / Ethiopia / Bale-Eco Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051313)
https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2405-8440%2822%2901112-4
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051313.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051313.pdf
(1.30 MB) (1.30 MB)
Adoption of climate smart agricultural (CSA) practices has been widely recognized as a promising and successful alternative to minimize the adverse impacts of climate change. However, their adoption among smallholder farmers remains low in developing countries, including Ethiopia. This study examines factors that influence adoption and the level of adoption of multiple CSA practices, including improved agronomy, soil and water conservation, drought tolerant high yielding crop variety, small-scale irrigation, integrated disease, pest, and weed management, and integrated soil fertility management, using survey data from 404 farm households in BaleEco Region (BER), Ethiopia. The study applied a multivariate probit model for analyzing the simultaneous adoptions of multiple CSA practices, and ordered probit model for examining the factors influencing the level of adoption. The CSA practices are found to be complementary. Moreover, farmers' adoption of multiple CSA practices, as well as their intensity of adoption, is significantly influenced by the age of the household head, education, land size, household total asset value, frequency of extension contacts, farmer awareness of climate change, farmer experience with climatic shocks, parcel fertility, slope, and severity of soil erosion. The study's findings suggest that agricultural policy makers and implementers of CSA should recognize the complementarity among CSA practices in order to intensify their adoption among BER farmers and disseminate CSA practices in other parts of the country. Moreover, policymakers should consider household socio-economic, institutional, and parcel-specific factors that positively influence CSA adoption.
10 Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Ukwattage, Sachini; Wickremasinghe, H. 2023. Multiscale polycentric governance in transformative adaptation to climate change: a tool guide. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience. 8p. (Also in French)
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Climate resilience ; Transformation ; Climate variability ; Rural welfare ; Governance ; Institutions ; Stakeholders ; Irrigation systems ; Drought tolerance ; Tanks ; Crops ; Case studies / Sri Lanka / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052459)
(1.13 MB)
This innovation brief presents a set of standard operating procedures (SOPs) to operationalize multiscale polycentric governance (MPG) in using transformative adaptation options (TAOs) to enhance systemic resilience against climate change. The SOPs deal with identifying the transformative characteristics of adaptation options, the institutions involved in an MPG system, and the framework for assessing the ex-ante governance influence of TAOs in enhancing climate resilience via various intermediate impact dimensions. Such an evaluation can help in the allocation of investments in potential governance components to ensure enhanced intermediate outputs, leading to sustainable outcomes of climate resilience and rural welfare.
11 Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Ukwattage, Sachini; Wickremasinghe, H. 2024. Gouvernance polycentrique à échelles multiples dans l’adaptation transformatrice au changement climatique: guide d’utilisation. In French. [Multiscale polycentric governance in transformative adaptation to climate change: a tool guide]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Institut international de gestion de l’eau (IWMI). Initiative du CGIAR sur la résilience climatique. 8p. (Also in English)
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Climate resilience ; Transformation ; Climate variability ; Rural welfare ; Governance ; Institutions ; Stakeholders ; Irrigation systems ; Drought tolerance ; Tanks ; Crops ; Case studies / Sri Lanka / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052635)
(916 KB)
Ce dossier sur l’innovation présente un ensemble de procédures opérationnelles standardisées (POS) visant à opérationnaliser la gouvernance polycentrique à échelles multiples (MPG) en utilisant des options d’adaptation transformatrice (TAO). L’objectif : améliorer la résilience systémique contre le changement climatique. Ces procédures traitent de l’identification des caractéristiques transformatrices des options d’adaptation, des institutions impliquées dans un système de MPG et du cadre d’évaluation de l’influence de la gouvernance ex ante des TAO sur l’amélioration de la résilience climatique par le biais de diverses dimensions d’impact intermédiaire. Une telle évaluation peut aider à l’allocation d’investissements dans des composantes potentielles de gouvernance afin d’assurer des résultats intermédiaires améliorés, conduisant à des résultats durables dans le domaine de la résilience climatique et du bien-être rural.
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