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1 Pritchard, B.; Rammohan, A.; Vicol, M. 2019. The importance of non-farm livelihoods for household food security and dietary diversity in rural Myanmar. Journal of Rural Studies, 67:89-100. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.02.017]
Household food security ; Living standards ; Nonfarm income ; Rural areas ; Nutrition ; Dietary factors ; Food insecurity ; Land ownership ; Landlessness ; Socioeconomic environment / Myanmar / Pakokku / Yesagyo / Kyaiklet / Maubin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049133)
(1.73 MB)
Recent processes of socio-economic change in rural Myanmar are etching significant shifts to the social distribution of advantage and disadvantage, with implications for patterns of food security and dietary quality. This paper uses original repeat cross-sectional household survey data to identify emergent relationships between land and livelihoods on the one hand, and food security and dietary quality, on the other. The paper concludes that although land ‘matters’ (landholding households are more likely to be food secure and have higher dietary diversity than landless households), this association is strongly conditioned by livelihood and seasonal circumstances. Households with livelihood arrangements articulated to the non-farm economy, whether they were landholders or landless, exhibited superior food and nutritional outcomes compared to those with livelihoods only in farming. Hence, while access to arable land remains an important factor in shaping food security and dietary diversity, of greater importance is the capacity for households to supplement their land assets with livelihood activities in the non-farm economy. This finding reinforces broader arguments that emphasise the importance of the non-farm economy as a vital shaper of wellbeing for rural households in the global South.
2 Azad Md J.; Pritchard, B.. 2023. The importance of women's roles in adaptive capacity and resilience to flooding in rural Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 90:103660. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103660]
Women’s empowerment ; Resilience ; Flooding ; Gender ; Human capital ; Social capital ; Vulnerability ; Decision making ; Livelihoods ; Communities ; Disaster risk management ; Risk reduction ; Households ; Climate change ; Case studies / Bangladesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051856)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212420923001401/pdfft?md5=1c805a1256d9df919434d6a375dfea01&pid=1-s2.0-S2212420923001401-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051856.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051856.pdf
(1.89 MB) (1.89 MB)
In rural Bangladesh, patriarchal gendered norms aggravate the vulnerability of women to disasters such as floods because of male dominance in access to resources and decision-making. Furthermore, these processes can render invisible women's vital roles in flood preparedness, response, rehabilitation, and recovery. A first step in addressing such gender-based inequalities in disaster contexts is to recognise and acknowledge the varied contributions made by women when a flood strikes. This paper sets out a framework to document women's roles in building adaptive capacity and resilience to floods in rural Bangladesh, using testimony evidence from 20 Focus Group Discussions in the highly flood-prone area of Sirajganj District in north-western Bangladesh. These FGDs consisted of both men and women, providing an inclusive arena for participants to express their perspectives on the roles of women during flood conditions. Responses were coded within the categories of human, social and financial capital, informed by Sustainable Livelihoods Analysis. In human capital terms, women's formal and informal education and skills were identified as critical community assets. With regards to social capital, bonding, bridging and, to a lesser extent, linking forms of social capital were recognised and valued by FGD participants. In terms of financial capital, women were identified as contributing to household capacity in flood times through livelihood diversification and the protection of household financial assets. These results highlight the need for a more formal and prominent acknowledgement of women's role in disaster policy.
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