Your search found 5 records
1 Jain, M.. 2000. Soil erosion modelling using satellite remote sensing and GIS. In Mehrotra, R.; Soni, B.; Bhatia, K. K. S. (Eds.), Integrated water resources management for sustainable development - Volume II. Roorkee, India: National Institute of Hydrology. pp.1243-1252.
Erosion ; Runoff ; Sedimentation ; Simulation models ; Remote Sensing ; GIS ; Satellite surveys ; Watersheds ; Catchment areas / India / Barakar Basin / Karso Catchment
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 MEH Record No: H028129)
2 Feola, G.; Lerner, A. M.; Jain, M.; Montefrio, M. J. F.; Nicholas, K. A. 2015. Researching farmer behaviour in climate change adaptation and sustainable agriculture: lessons learned from five case studies. Journal of Rural Studies, 39:74-84. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.03.009]
Climate change adaptation ; Sustainable agriculture ; Farmers attitudes ; Smallholders ; Research projects ; Agricultural production ; Decision making ; Models ; Economic aspects ; Social aspects ; Ecological factors ; Case studies / India / Philippines / Central Mexico / Colombia / USA / California
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047440)
(0.54 MB)
Understanding farmer behaviour is needed for local agricultural systems to produce food sustainably while facing multiple pressures. We synthesize existing literature to identify three fundamental questions that correspond to three distinct areas of knowledge necessary to understand farmer behaviour: 1) decision-making model; 2) cross-scale and cross-level pressures; and 3) temporal dynamics. We use this framework to compare five interdisciplinary case studies of agricultural systems in distinct geographical contexts across the globe. We find that these three areas of knowledge are important to understanding farmer behaviour, and can be used to guide the interdisciplinary design and interpretation of studies in the future. Most importantly, we find that these three areas need to be addressed simultaneously in order to understand farmer behaviour. We also identify three methodological challenges hindering this understanding: the suitability of theoretical frameworks, the trade-offs among methods and the limited timeframe of typical research projects. We propose that a triangulation research strategy that makes use of mixed methods, or collaborations between researchers across mixed disciplines, can be used to successfully address all three areas simultaneously and show how this strategy has been achieved in the case studies. The framework facilitates interdisciplinary research on farmer behaviour by opening up spaces of structured dialogue on assumptions, research questions and methods employed in investigation.
3 Kubitza, C.; Krishna, V. V.; Schulthess, U.; Jain, M.. 2020. Estimating adoption and impacts of agricultural management practices in developing countries using satellite data. A scoping review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 40(3):16. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-020-0610-2]
Agricultural practices ; Developing countries ; Satellite imagery ; Landsat ; Radar ; Remote sensing ; Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer ; Intensive cropping ; Crop yield ; Tillage ; Technology ; Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Smallholders ; Vegetation index ; Land cover ; Irrigation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050034)
(0.86 MB)
Development and dissemination of sustainable practices are key to enhance agricultural productivity in developing countries and to curtail potential negative externalities. Rigorous adoption/impact evaluations provide valuable lessons to enhance the capacity of agricultural research-for-development (R4D) systems in this context. Conventional evaluation studies rely solely on farm-household surveys for data. Generation of survey data however requires considerable financial and human capital, and the process often misses several important explanatory variables, ignores the longer-term impacts, and suffers from measurement errors. Complementary data sources are explored to make the evaluations more robust and rigorous. Here we review 54 studies that used satellite data to estimate adoption and impact of agricultural practices in developing countries. Some evidence on successful application of satellite data in high-income countries is also provided. The main findings of the paper are threefold: (1) satellite data have been successfully used to detect agricultural practices, such as cropping intensity, tillage, crop residue cover, irrigation, and soil and water conservation; (2) only a few studies have estimated the yield impacts of agricultural practices, although the estimation of crop yields with satellite data is fairly developed; and (3) only a small number of studies have explored impact estimation beyond the biophysical sphere. Estimation of certain environmental impacts of agricultural practices is possible through satellite data, although only a few studies have carried it out. Not many have assessed the economic impacts of interventions. We conclude that satellite data analysis allows information access with little delay and over longer periods, provide a unique set of variables over wide geographies, and reduce measurement error in certain variables. However, more interdisciplinary research is necessary to speed up the uptake of this alternative data source in R4D evaluations.
4 Ricciardi, V.; Wane, A.; Sidhu, B. S.; Godde, C.; Solomon, D.; McCullough, E.; Diekmann, F.; Porciello, J.; Jain, M.; Randall, N.; Mehrabi, Z. 2020. A scoping review of research funding for small-scale farmers in water scarce regions. Nature Sustainability, 3(10):836-844. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-00623-0]
Small scale farming ; Research support ; Water scarcity ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Donors ; Income ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Gender ; Livelihoods ; Natural resources ; Environmental impact ; Livestock ; Irrigation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050033)
(4.47 MB) (4.47 MB)
Water scarcity is a global issue that disproportionately affects small-scale farmers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Through geospatial analysis, we estimated that less than 37% of small-scale farms probably have irrigation in water scarce regions across LMICs, compared with 42% of non-small-scale farms. Through a literature synthesis assisted by machine learning, we then systematically mapped the existing research for on-farm interventions that improve the incomes or yields of small-scale farmers in water scarce regions. We mapped over 888 on-farm interventions used to combat water scarcity from 560 publications and showed a research bias towards yields rather than livelihoods. We found gaps in evidence for many commonly proposed solutions, including livestock management, digital technology and solutions to protect natural resources at the farm-level, such as buffer strips. Our findings can be used to set a funding agenda for research on the geographies that are most at risk of water scarcity and the interventions that most lack evidence.
5 Bhattarai, N.; Lobell, D. B.; Balwinder-Singh; Fishman, R.; Kustas, W. P.; Pokhrel, Y.; Jain, M.. 2023. Warming temperatures exacerbate groundwater depletion rates in India. Science Advances, 9(35):1-9. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi1401]
Groundwater depletion ; Groundwater table ; Groundwater irrigation ; Crop water use ; Water demand ; Farmers ; Crop production ; Precipitation ; Drought stress ; Aquifers ; Evapotranspiration ; Precipitation ; Models ; Policies / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052182)
(0.82 MB) (844 KB)
Climate change will likely increase crop water demand, and farmers may adapt by applying more irrigation. Understanding the extent to which this is occurring is of particular importance in India, a global groundwater depletion hotspot, where increased withdrawals may further jeopardize groundwater resources. Using historical data on groundwater levels, climate, and crop water stress, we find that farmers have adapted to warming temperatures by intensifying groundwater withdrawals, substantially accelerating groundwater depletion rates in India. When considering increased withdrawals due to warming, we project that the rates of net groundwater loss for 2041–2080 could be three times current depletion rates, even after considering projected increases in precipitation and possible decreases in irrigation use as groundwater tables fall. These results reveal a previously unquantified cost of adapting to warming temperatures that will likely further threaten India’s food and water security over the coming decades.
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