Your search found 2 records
1 Ghazouani, Wafa; Molle, Francois; Swelam, A.; Rap, Edwin; Abdo, A. 2014. Understanding farmers’ adaptation to water scarcity: a case study from the western Nile Delta, Egypt. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 31p. (IWMI Research Report 160) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2015.200]
Water scarcity ; Water availability ; Deltas ; Canals ; Farmers ; Adaptation ; Conflict ; Crop management ; Yields ; Irrigation water ; Irrigated farming ; Food security ; Drainage water ; Pumps ; Cost benefit analysis ; Profitability ; Case studies / Egypt / Nile Delta
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046836)
(2 MB)
This study was undertaken to analyze farmers’ adaption to water scarcity in the command area of a secondary canal in the Nile Delta of Egypt. The results revealed that farmers’ responses were driven by a multiplicity of factors, beyond water scarcity or profit maximization. These additional factors include food security of the family, risk management, social capital and history of farmers, and most unexpectedly the collective dimension of crop choice. The findings of this study expose the limitations of projects, modeling exercises or policy recommendations that are too often based on the oversimplified view of profit maximization as the basis of farming system dynamics.
2 Mekki, I.; Ghazouani, Wafa; Closas, Alvar; Molle, Francois. 2017. Perceptions of groundwater degradation and mitigation responses in the Haouaria region in Tunisia. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 5:101-110. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2017.05.001]
Groundwater management ; Groundwater extraction ; Groundwater development ; Water resources ; Resource depletion ; Environmental degradation ; Aquifers ; Water users ; Agricultural practices ; Collective action ; Wells ; Tube wells ; Stakeholders ; Socioeconomic environment ; Land ownership ; Land tenure / Tunisia / Haouaria Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048138)
Avoiding the negative effects of intensive groundwater resource use is challenging, especially when the interactions and causal pathways between biophysical and socioeconomic processes are complex, and when users, management, and regulatory bodies are spatially dispersed. The plain of Haouaria, in north-eastern Tunisia, has witnessed an important development of groundwater abstraction, fueled by the multiplication of wells tapping the underlying shallow and deep aquifers. As the economic activities linked to such development are threatened by the degradation of groundwater quantity and quality, the aim of this paper is to investigate actors’ perceptions of these processes and to emphasize the undertaken mitigation measures. The study builds on semi-directive surveys with the different groundwater users and archive data in order to understand the technical, institutional and agricultural practices driving groundwater development. The paper starts by investigating the historical context of groundwater development and the progressive degradation of the resource. Then, the paper identifies the main constraints and adaptation strategies of the various users (public and private), before examining the challenges faced by groundwater users. Results show varied patterns of actors' behavior, interest, and perception of the groundwater resource. This analysis show that farmers' lack of collective action, land tenure insecurity, labor shortage, the monopoly of production inputs by suppliers, and the cost of energy for pumping are the main challenges faced by groundwater users. The study finally explores different management and policy options that can lead to a more environmentally and socioeconomically sustainable socio-hydrological system.
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