Your search found 7 records
1 Smyth, A. J.; Dumanski, J.; Spendjian, G.; Swift, M. J.; Thornton, P. K.. 1993. FESLM: An international framework for evaluating sustainable land management - A discussion paper. Rome, Italy: FAO. vii, 74p. (World soil resources reports 73)
(Location: IWMI-SEA Call no: 333 G000 SMY Record No: H014833)
2 Herrero, M.; Thornton, P. K.; Notenbaert, A. M.; Wood, S.; Msangi, S.; Freeman, H. A.; Bossio, Deborah; Dixon, J.; Peters, M.; van de Steeg, J.; Lynam, J.; Parthasarathy Rao, P.; Macmillan, S.; Gerard, B.; McDermott, J.; Sere, C.; Rosegrant, M. 2010. Smart investments in sustainable food production: revisiting mixed crop-livestock systems. Perspective. Science, 327:822-825. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1183725]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042705)
(0.24 MB)
Farmers in mixed crop-livestock systems produce about half of the world’s food. In small holdings around the world, livestock are reared mostly on grass, browse, and nonfood biomass from maize, millet, rice, and sorghum crops and in their turn supply manure and traction for future crops. Animals act as insurance against hard times, and supply farmers with a source of regular income from sales of milk, eggs, and other products. Thus, faced with population growth and climate change, small-holder farmers should be the first target for policies to intensify production by carefully managed inputs of fertilizer, water, and feed to minimize waste and environmental impact, supported by improved access to markets, new varieties, and technologies.
3 Thornton, P. K.; Jones, P. G.; Owiyo, T.; Kruska, R. L.; Herrero, M.; Kristjanson, P.; Notenbaert, A.; Bekele, N.; Omolo, A. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department for International Development submitted by ILRI. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). 198p.
Climate change ; Mapping ; Data analysis ; Surveys ; Households ; Poverty ; Indicators ; Institutions ; Rain ; Case studies / Africa / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.6 G100 THO Record No: H044521)
http://mahider.ilri.org/bitstream/handle/10568/2307/Mapping_Vuln_Africa.pdf?sequence=1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044521.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044521.pdf
(2.24 MB) (2.24MB)
4 Vermeulen, S. J.; Aggarwal, Pramod; Ainslie, A.; Angelone, C.; Campbell, B. M.; Challinor, A. J.; Hansen, J. W.; Ingram, J. S. I.; Jarvis, A.; Kristjanson, P.; Lau, C.; Nelson, G. C.; Thornton, P. K.; Wollenberg, E. 2012. Options for support to agriculture and food security under climate change. Environmental Science and Policy, 15(1):136-144. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2011.09.003]
Climate change ; Risks ; Food security ; Adaptation ; Agricultural production ; Greenhouse gases ; Policy
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044598)
(0.38 MB)
Agriculture and food security are key sectors for intervention under climate change. Agricultural production is highly vulnerable even to 2C (low-end) predictions for global mean temperatures in 2100, with major implications for rural poverty and for both rural and urban food security. Agriculture also presents untapped opportunities for mitigation, given the large land area under crops and rangeland, and the additional mitigation potential of aquaculture. This paper presents a summary of current knowledge on options to support farmers, particularly smallholder farmers, in achieving food security through agriculture under climate change. Actions towards adaptation fall into two broad overlapping areas: (1) accelerated adaptation to progressive climate change over decadal time scales, for example integrated packages of technology, agronomy and policy options for farmers and food systems, and (2) better management of agricultural risks associated with increasing climate variability and extreme events, for example improved climate information services and safety nets. Maximization of agriculture’s mitigation potential will require investments in technological innovation and agricultural intensification linked to increased efficiency of inputs, and creation of incentives and monitoring systems that are inclusive of smallholder farmers. Food systems faced with climate change need urgent, broad-based action in spite of uncertainties.
5 Vermeulen, S. J.; Aggarwal, Pramod; Ainslie, A.; Angelone, C.; Campbell, B. M.; Challinor, A. J.; Hansen, J. W.; Ingram, J. S. I.; Jarvis, A.; Kristjanson, P.; Lau, C.; Nelson, G. C.; Thornton, P. K.; Wollenberg, E. 2010. Agriculture, food security and climate change: outlook for knowledge, tools and action. Background paper prepared for The Hague Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change, 31 October - 5 November 2010. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR-ESSP Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). 16p.
Agriculture ; Food security ; Climate change ; Risks ; Models ; Greenhouse gases ; Policy ; Smallholders
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044643)
http://ccafs.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/pdf/ccafs_report_3-low-res_final.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044643.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044643.pdf
(0.37 MB) (378.60KB)
Agriculture and food security are key sectors for intervention under climate change. Agricultural production is highly vulnerable even to 2C (low-end) predictions for global mean temperatures in 2100, with major implications for rural poverty and for both rural and urban food security. Agriculture also presents untapped opportunities for mitigation, given the large land area under crops and rangeland, and the additional mitigation potential of aquaculture. This paper presents a summary of current scientific knowledge on the impacts of climate change on farming and food systems, and on the implications for adaptation and mitigation. Many of the trends and impacts are highly uncertain at a range of spatial and temporal scales; we need significant advances in predicting how climate variability and change will affect future food security. Despite these uncertainties, it is clear that the magnitude and rate of projected changes will require adaptation. Actions towards adaptation fall into two broad overlapping areas: (1) better management of agricultural risks associated with increasing climate variability and extreme events, for example improved climate information services and safety nets, and (2) accelerated adaptation to progressive climate change over decadal time scales, for example integrated packages of technology, agronomy and policy options for farmers and food systems.Maximization of agriculture’s mitigation potential will require, among others, investments in technological innovation and agricultural intensification linked to increased efficiency of inputs, and creation of incentives and monitoring systems that are inclusive of smallholder farmers. The challenges posed by climate change to agriculture and food security require a holistic and strategic approach to linking knowledge with action. Key elements of this are greater interactions between decision-makers and researchers in all sectors, greater collaboration among climate, agriculture and food security communities, and consideration of interdependencies across whole food systems and landscapes. Food systems faced with climate change need urgent action in spite of uncertainties.
6 Vermeulen, S. J.; Challinor, A. J.; Thornton, P. K.; Campbell, B. M.; Eriyagama, Nishadi; Vervoort, J; Kinyangi, J.; Jarvis, A.; Laderach, P.; Ramirez-Villegas, J.; Nicklin, K. J.; Hawkins, E.; Smith, D. R. 2013. Addressing uncertainty in adaptation planning for agriculture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(21): 8357-8362.
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Uncertainty ; Agriculture ; Food security ; Developing countries ; Coffee ; Models ; Case studies ; Stakeholders ; Decision making ; Greenhouse gases / Sri Lanka / East Africa / Central America
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045835)
(0.90 MB) (921.17KB)
We present a framework for prioritizing adaptation approaches at a range of timeframes. The framework is illustrated by four case studies from developing countries, each with associated characterisation of uncertainty. Two cases, on near-term adaptation planning in Sri Lanka and on stakeholder scenario exercises in East Africa, show how the relative utility of ‘capacity’ versus ‘impact’ approaches to adaptation planning differ with level of uncertainty and associated lead time. A further two cases demonstrate that it is possible to identify uncertainties that are relevant to decision-making in specific timeframes and circumstances. The case on coffee in Latin America identifies altitudinal thresholds at which incremental versus transformative adaptation pathways are robust options. The final case uses three crop-climate simulation studies to demonstrate how uncertainty can be characterised at different time horizons to discriminate where robust adaptation options are possible. We find that ‘impact’ approaches, which use predictive models, are increasingly useful over longer lead times and at higher levels of greenhouse gas emissions. We also find that extreme events are important in determining predictability across a broad range of timescales. The results demonstrate the potential for robust knowledge and actions in the face of uncertainty.
7 Nicholson, C. F.; Stephens, E. C.; Kopainsky, B.; Thornton, P. K.; Jones, A. D.; Parsons, D.; Garrett, J. 2021. Food security outcomes in agricultural systems models: case examples and priority information needs. Agricultural Systems, 188:103030. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.103030]
Food security ; Farming systems ; Models ; Information needs ; Food consumption ; Expenditure ; Food access ; Food supply ; Stability ; Indicators ; Maize ; Crop yield ; Climate change ; Households / Kenya / Mexico
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050236)
(0.56 MB)
Analyses of food security with agricultural systems models often focus on indicators of food availability, with limited treatment of the other three dimensions: food access, stability and utilization. We illustrate how three indicators of access (food consumption expenditures, a food insecurity scale and dietary diversity) and their stability can be incorporated into a dynamic household-level model of a maize-based production system in the Kenya highlands and a dynamic regional model of sheep production and marketing in Mexico. Although stylized due to limits on empirical evidence, the analyses suggest that inclusion of multiple access indicators can provide insights because the indicators respond differently to production shocks, demand growth and programs providing production subsidies. We also illustrate how to examine stability of food security outcomes in response to shocks using metrics of hardness (ability to withstand shocks) and elasticity (ability to return to previous conditions). The data required for more widespread empirical implementation of these methods include measurement—preferably at frequent intervals over time—of food access indicators, but also their determinants and linkages to outcomes in agricultural systems models. Analyses of food access and stability will be most valuable for assessments of food security impacts of climate change, when food systems are undergoing transformative change and to identify priority interventions and target audiences.
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