Your search found 11 records
1 Omamo, S. W.; Diao, X.; Wood, S.; Chamberlin, J.; You, L.; Benin, S.; Wood-Sichra, U.; Tatwangire, A. 2006. Strategic priorities for agricultural development in eastern and central Africa. Washington, DC, USA: IFPRI. 140p. (IFPRI Research Report 150)
Agricultural development ; Economic aspects ; Models ; Land use ; Poverty / Africa / Burundi / Congo / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Kenya / Madagascar / Rwanda / Sudan / Tanzania / Uganda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.1 G100 OMA Record No: H040109)
2 Nelson, G. C.; Rosegrant, M. W.; Palazzo, A.; Gray, I.; Ingersoll, C.; Robertson, R.; Tokgoz, S.; Zhu, T.; Sulser, T. B.; Ringler, C.; Msangi, S.; You, L.. 2010. Food security, farming, and climate change to 2050: scenarios, results, policy options. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 131p. (IFPRI Research Monograph)
Food security ; Climate change ; Models ; Crop production ; Prices ; Yields ; Maize ; Rice ; Cassava ; Irrigation efficiency ; Drought ; Population growth / South Asia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.19 G0000 NEL Record No: H044082)
http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/rr172.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044082.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044082.pdf
(13.17 MB) (13.14MB)
3 Ringler, C.; Cai, X.; Wang, J.; Ahmed, A.; Xue, Y.; Xu, Z.; Yang, E.; Jianshi, Z.; Zhu, T.; Cheng, L.; Yongfeng, F.; Xinfeng, F.; Xiaowei, G.; You, L.. 2012. Yellow River Basin: living with scarcity. In Fisher, M.; Cook, Simon (Eds.). Water, food and poverty in river basins: defining the limits. London, UK: Routledge. pp.192-217.
River basins ; Water resources ; Water scarcity ; Water security ; Water productivity ; Legislation ; Water rights ; Poverty ; Economic development ; Irrigation water ; Investment ; Food security ; Agricultural development ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming / China / Yellow River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044845)
4 Johnson, M.; Benin, S.; You, L.; Diao, X.; Chilonda, Pius. 2014. Exploring strategic priorities for regional agricultural research and development investments in Southern Africa. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 140p. (IFPRI Discussion Paper 01318)
Agricultural research ; Agricultural development ; Investment ; Economic growth ; Indicators ; Markets ; Models ; Yield gap ; Cereal crops ; Farming systems ; Livestock products / Southern Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046297)
http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/ifpridp01318.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046297.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046297.pdf
(4.27 MB) (4.27 MB)
An in-depth quantitative analysis is undertaken in this paper to assist the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Secretariat, member countries, and development partners in setting future regional investment priorities for agricultural research and development in the SADC region. A primary goal of this work was to identify a range of agricultural research priorities for achieving sector productivity and overall economic growth in southern Africa, at both the country and regional levels. This is accomplished by adopting an integrated modeling framework that combines a disaggregated spatial analytical model with an economywide multimarket model developed specifically for the region. The spatial disaggregation uses information on current yield gaps to project growth and technology spillovers across countries among different agricultural activities that share similar conditions and thus potential for adoption and diffusion in the region. The economywide multimarket model is used to simulate ex ante the economic effects of closing these yield gaps through a country’s own investments in research and development (R&D) and from potential R&D spill-ins from neighboring countries. Results indicate a high potential of spillovers and technology adaptability across countries due to similar agroecological and climatic conditions and the countries’ own capacities for adaptive R&D. The greatest agriculture-led growth opportunities reside in staple crops and in roots and tubers, especially among the low-income countries. Together, these sectors have the potential to contribute up to 40 percent of future possible growth. There are differences (areas of comparative advantage) at the country level that offer opportunities for specialization. For example, grains are the dominant subsector for Zimbabwe; in Botswana, opportunities will depend on more growth in its livestock sector; and for Namibia promoting fish growth may be more important. The root crops sector is as important as that of grains in Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Malawi, but even more important in Mozambique. The study finds evidence of high spillover potential, especially for maize, rice, cattle, cassava, sorghum, and beans. Low-income countries gain the most from spill-in of R&D in the grains and roots subsectors; yield growth in these subsectors explains about 20 percent of these countries’ gains in the total value of production, compared with only 2.2 percent among middle-income countries. Our results emphasize not only the importance of expanding regional cooperation in R&D and technology diffusion in southern Africa, but the importance of strengthening regional agricultural markets and linkages with nonagricultural sectors.
5 Xie, H.; You, L.; Takeshima, H. 2017. Invest in small-scale irrigated agriculture: a national assessment on potential to expand small-scale irrigation in Nigeria. Agricultural Water Management, 193:251-264. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.08.020]
Irrigated farming ; Small scale farming ; Irrigation schemes ; Small scale systems ; Investment ; Assessment ; Agricultural development ; Irrigation efficiency ; Climate change ; Dry season ; Wet season ; Food security ; Crop production ; Cost benefit analysis ; Fertilizer application ; Models ; Sensitivity analysis ; Poverty / Nigeria
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048371)
(4.03 MB)
Nigeria is faced with the daunting challenge to improve performance of its agriculture sector. Currently, crop production in Nigeria is predominantly rainfed; irrigation is perceived as an important means to boost agricultural productivity in the country. We estimated the potential of expanding small-scale irrigation in Nigeria, considering both biophysical and economic constraints. Under baseline conditions, the land area in Nigeria with investment potential for small-scale irrigation is estimated to be 1 million ha in dry-season and 0.65 million ha in rainy season, respectively. Further sensitivity analyses show that the estimated potentially irrigable area depends on input parameters such as irrigation cost, fertilizer application rate and farmers’ risk aversion coefficient. These results reveal not only substantial potential of investing in small-scale irrigation in Nigeria, but also financial risks in the investment and importance of linking irrigation investment decisions to agricultural policies beyond irrigation to create coordinated strategy for agricultural development.
6 Xie, H.; Perez, N.; Anderson, W.; Ringler, C.; You, L.. 2018. Can Sub-Saharan Africa feed itself?: the role of irrigation development in the region’s drylands for food security. Water International, 43(6):796-814. (Special issue: Virtual Water - Its Implications on Agriculture and Trade). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2018.1516080]
Irrigation management ; Arid zones ; Food security ; Indicators ; Irrigation schemes ; Large scale systems ; Small scale systems ; Costs ; Agricultural trade ; Investment ; Environmental effects ; Sensitivity analysis ; Models / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048942)
(2.48 MB)
This paper assesses the potential role of investments in irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa in improving food security and self-sufficiency in the region. Focusing on the region’s drylands, the study identifies a potential for expanded irrigated area of 6–14 million hectares (ha), depending on technology costs and other factors. Linkage of these results with a global agricultural trade model shows that accelerated irrigation investment can effectively reduce growing food import dependency from 54% under a business-as-usual scenario to a much smaller 17–40%; and can also reduce the population at risk of hunger and child under-nutrition.
7 Dile, Y. T.; Ayana, E. K.; Worqlul, A. W.; Xie, H.; Srinivasan, R.; Lefore, N.; You, L.; Clarke, N. 2020. Evaluating satellite-based evapotranspiration estimates for hydrological applications in data-scarce regions: a case in Ethiopia. Science of the Total Environment, 743:140702. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140702]
Evapotranspiration ; Hydrology ; Agricultural landscape ; Satellite observation ; Remote sensing ; Water management ; Sustainability ; River basins ; Stream flow ; Land management ; Land use ; Soil moisture ; Grasslands ; Models ; Uncertainty ; Forests / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049976)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720342248/pdfft?md5=33436fc788bb7601053c74729cab3e05&pid=1-s2.0-S0048969720342248-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049976.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049976.pdf
(11.60 MB) (11.6 MB)
Water resource development opens up opportunities for improving smallholder farmer livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa; however, implementation of water resource interventions to ensure sustainability hinges on the availability of sufficient quantity and quality data for monitoring, analysis and planning. Such data is often acquired through instrumentation of water resources (e.g. stream flow monitoring) or the use of hydrological models. In sub-Saharan Africa, data scarcity has limited the ability to monitor and make appropriate decisions for water resource allocation and use. Data derived from remote sensing has been considered a viable option to fill this gap; however, there is limited research in the region that evaluate the quality of the remotely sensed based datasets. This study evaluated actual evapotranspiration (AET) estimates derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR AET) images and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MOD16 AET) images using estimates from a grid-based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The SWAT model was set up for the entire country of Ethiopia, and calibrated and validated using observed streamflow at several meso-scale watersheds in which satisfactory model performance was obtained. AET estimates from the calibrated and validated SWAT model were then used to evaluate remotely sensed based AET for three landscapes. The AVHRR AET better agreed with the SWAT-simulated AET than the MOD16 AET, although the AVHRR AET overestimated the SWAT-simulated AET in all of the landscapes. Both remotely sensed AET products showed better agreement with the SWAT-simulated AET over agriculture dominated landscapes compared to grassland and forest dominated landscapes. The findings of the study suggest that remotely sensed based AET may help to fine-tune hydrological models in agricultural landscapes in data-scarce regions to improve studies on the impacts of water management interventions aiming to ensure environmental sustainability while enhancing agricultural production, and household income and nutrition.
8 Xie, H.; You, L.; Dile, Y. T.; Worqlul, A. W.; Bizimana, J.- C.; Srinivasan, R.; Richardson, J. W.; Thomas, G.; Neville, C. 2021. Mapping development potential of dry-season small-scale irrigation in Sub-Saharan African countries under joint biophysical and economic constraints - an agent-based modeling approach with an application to Ethiopia. Agricultural Systems, 186:102987. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102987]
Irrigation systems ; Small scale systems ; Dry season ; Agricultural development ; Water availability ; Irrigation water ; Water scarcity ; Environmental factors ; Economic aspects ; Crop yield ; Technology ; Geographical information systems ; Models ; Uncertainty / Africa South of Sahara / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050097)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X20308489/pdfft?md5=ccefdf32598d6ea8bc5b61f1d012b437&pid=1-s2.0-S0308521X20308489-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050097.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050097.pdf
(4.40 MB) (4.40 MB)
Sub-Saharan Africa has long been beset with food insecurity. Investment in small-scale irrigation may provide a solution to address the challenge by extending crop production into the dry season. We present an agent-based modeling system to assess the potential of dry-season small-irrigation development in Sub-Saharan Africa with an application to Ethiopia. We identify significant potential for investing in dry-season small-scale irrigation in Ethiopia and map geographic domains with highest investment opportunities.
9 Hellin, J.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Challinor, A.; Fisher, E.; Girvetz, E.; Guo, Z.; Hodur, J.; Loboguerrero, A. M.; Pacillo, G.; Rose, S.; Schutz, T.; Valencia, L.; You, L.. 2022. Transformative adaptation and implications for transdisciplinary climate change research. Environmental Research: Climate, 1(2):023001. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/ac8b9d]
Climate change adaptation ; Transformation ; Transdisciplinary research ; Agricultural research ; Climate resilience ; Risk reduction ; Social aspects ; Equity ; Food systems ; Vulnerability ; Technology ; Innovation ; Institutions ; Governance ; Collaboration ; Policies ; Finance
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051430)
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2752-5295/ac8b9d/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051430.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051430.pdf
(0.70 MB) (719 KB)
The severity of the climate challenge requires a change in the climate response, from an incremental to a more far-reaching and radical transformative one. There is also a need to avoid maladaptation whereby responses to climate risk inadvertently reinforce vulnerability, exposure and risk for some sections of society. Innovative technological interventions are critical but enabling social, institutional and governance factors are the actual drivers of the transformative process. Bringing about this transformation requires inter- and transdisciplinary approaches, and the embracing of social equity. In this Perspective, we unpack what this means for agricultural research and, based on our collective experience, we map out a research agenda that weaves different research components into a holistic and transformative one. We do not offer best practice, but rather reflections on how agricultural research can more readily contribute to transformative adaptation, along with the personal and practical challenges of designing and implementing such an agenda.
10 Wang, T.; Zhang, J.; You, L.; Zeng, X.; Ma, Y.; Li, Y.; Huang, G. 2023. Optimal design of two-dimensional water trading considering hybrid “three waters”-government participation for an agricultural watershed. Agricultural Water Management, 288:108457. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108457]
Water markets ; Government ; Participation ; Water conservation ; Uncertainty ; Analysis ; Watersheds ; Models ; Water resources ; Water quality ; Ecology ; Water rights ; Water use ; Decision making ; Stream flow ; Sewage ; Surface water ; Water balance / China / Dagu River Basin / Qingdao / Shandong
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052121)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377423003220/pdfft?md5=d9572c1601607111fa59e3dd324559bc&pid=1-s2.0-S0378377423003220-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052121.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052121.pdf
(4.97 MB) (4.97 MB)
Sharp increase in water consumption and pollutant emissions makes shortage of clean water the main problem hindering regional agricultural development. Two-dimensional water trading (2DWT) can unify the quantity and quality of water to relieve the water crisis in agricultural watersheds. This study developed a hybrid “three waters”-government participation based two-dimensional water trading model group (TWG-2DWTMs) to support 2DWT planning under various complexities. The linkage among water resources, water quality and ecology (i.e., “three waters”) as well as government participation are considered. The TWG-2DWTMs has been applied in Dagu River basin in Qingdao city, an agricultural watershed, and solved under multiple trading rules and water-saving scenarios. The results indicate that trading rule for government participation with ecological runoff guarantee of river regions and concentration control of monitoring sections (CERG) is the optimal trading rule and should be recommended. CERG can realize the transformation from water rights to discharge permits, and promote economic development while ensuring water ecology and water environment. Furthermore, under CERG, water-saving percentage of 50% is the optimal water-saving scenario; water saving can bring about surplus water rights that can be directly traded or transformed into discharge permits, promoting local sustainable development.
11 Ramamurthy, R.; Bleser, J.; Konradsen, F.; Kibret, S.; Opperman, J.; You, L.; Sloff, K.; McCartney, Matthew; Fevre, E. M.; Boelee, E. 2023. Human health impacts of dams and reservoirs: neglected issues in a One Health perspective. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management, 26(2):96-112. [doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/aehm.026.02.096]
Dams ; Reservoirs ; Human health ; One Health approach ; Irrigation ; Hydropower ; Environmental factors ; Diseases ; Ecosystems ; Impact assessment ; Energy ; Food production ; Livelihoods ; Communities ; Inclusion / United States of America / Sudan / Nepal / Pakistan / Glen Canyon Dam / Merowe Dam / Marsyangdi Dam / Dasu Dam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052403)
(0.40 MB)
Dams have often been constructed for hydropower, water storage and to support socio-economic development, particularly in areas of water stress. In many places, the water stored in human-made reservoirs is essential to meet the development objectives of water supply, agriculture, industry, energy generation and other sectors. However, in the absence of adequate foresight and planning, many past dams have had considerable negative impacts on ecosystems and the livelihoods of affected communities, resulting in conflicts and health hazards. While enhanced human health and well-being could be considered as the ultimate outcome of development programs, the public health impact of dams remains an issue that is often neglected by policy makers and investors. National policies and international guidelines, such as those of the World Commission on Dams, have been used to improve planning and impact assessment of dams. Here, we provide an analysis of four large dams, across three continents, and show that they had limited consistency with World Commission on Dams principles and guidelines. Moreover, health aspects were largely neglected during planning, construction and operation of these dams, but seriously undermine their intended benefits. This perspective paper discusses impacts of dams on energy and food, ecosystem health, inclusion, and ultimately human health and wellbeing. We argue that a One Health perspective, based on these four categories, can support the systematic consideration of environmental, animal, and human health determinants. A dedicated One Health approach to dams and reservoirs remains to be developed but could potentially improve how dams, both existing and future, support more inclusive development.
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