Your search found 192 records
1 Hoekstra, A. Y.; Chapagain, A. K. 2008. Globalization of water: sharing the planet's freshwater resources. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell. 208p.
Globalization ; Water resources development ; International trade ; Freshwater ; Virtual water ; Agricultural production ; Water use ; Water scarcity ; Water quality ; Flow discharge ; Consumers ; Water conservation ; Water loss ; Economic aspects ; Water footprint ; Water transfer ; Tea ; Coffee ; Cotton / Netherlands / Morocco / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 HOE Record No: H043484)
(0.42 MB)
2 Gleick, P. H.; Cooley, H.; Cohen, M. J.; Morikawa, M.; Morrison, J.; Palaniappan, M. 2009. The world's water 2008-2009: the biennial report on freshwater resources. Washington, DC, USA: Island Press. 402p.
Water resource management ; Conflict ; Freshwater ; History ; Policy ; Climate change ; Sanitation ; Hygiene ; Water supply ; Water quality ; Water use efficiency ; Risks ; Greenhouse gases ; Groundwater ; Public participation ; Water demand ; Water conservation ; Water rates ; Drinking water ; Economic aspects ; Dams ; Irrigated land / China / USA / Ethiopia / Africa / Asia / Europe / Las Vegas / Atlanta / Seattle / Tampa Bay / Salton Sea / Yangtze River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 GLE Record No: H043487)
(0.40 MB)
3 Sood, Aditya; Mathukumalli, B. K. P. 2011. Managing international river basins: reviewing India–Bangladesh transboundary water issues. International Journal of River Basin Management, 9(1):43-52. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15715124.2011.553832]
River basin management ; Watershed management ; International waters ; Freshwater ; Water scarcity ; Water quality ; Flooding / India / Bangladesh / Ganges River / Farakka Barrage
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043670)
(0.38 MB)
As the demand for fresh water has increased over the years, the conflicts between water-sharing countries have also been on the rise. Many countries, such as Bangladesh in Asia, depend upon water originating from outside their national borders and hence do not have any control in the headwaters and large part of the watershed management of their rivers. Being militarily and economically weaker than its neighbours, it cannot influence their watershed management policies. Consequently, it suffers from both floods and water scarcity. This paper looks at the long-standing conflict between Bangladesh and India with regard to the sharing of water of the River Ganges. It discusses the water quantity and quality problems faced by Bangladesh and its inability to negotiate an equitable deal with India. In order to reduce the water-sharing conflict between Bangladesh and India, a multi-national watershed management approach is required.
4 Vorosmarty, C. J.; McIntyre, P. B.; Gessner, M. O.; Dudgeon, D.; Prusevich, A.; Green, P.; Glidden, S.; Bunn, S. E.; Sullivan, C. A.; Liermann, C. R.; Davies, P. M. 2010. Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature, 467:555-561. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1038/nature09440]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043790)
(2.65 MB)
Protecting the world’s freshwater resources requires diagnosing threats over a broad range of scales, fromglobal to local. Here we present the first worldwide synthesis to jointly consider human and biodiversity perspectives on water security using a spatial framework that quantifies multiple stressors and accounts for downstream impacts. We find that nearly 80% of the world’s population is exposed to high levels of threat to water security. Massive investment in water technology enables rich nations to offset high stressor levels without remedying their underlying causes, whereas less wealthy nations remain vulnerable. A similar lack of precautionary investment jeopardizes biodiversity, with habitats associated with 65% of continental discharge classified as moderately to highly threatened. The cumulative threat framework offers a tool for prioritizing policy and management responses to this crisis, and underscores the necessity of limiting threats at their source instead of through costly remediation of symptoms in order to assure global water security for both humans and freshwater biodiversity.
5 Rebelo, Lisa-Maria; McCartney, Matthew. 2011. Situation analysis for Africa. In Darwall, W. R. T.; Smith, K. G.; Allen, D. J.; Holland, R. A.; Harrison, I. J.; Brooks, E. G. E. (Eds.). The diversity of life in African freshwaters: under water, under threat - an analysis of the status and distribution of freshwater species throughout mainland Africa. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). pp.13-26.
Freshwater ; Ecosystems ; Biodiversity ; Water pollution ; Dams ; Rivers ; Water transfer ; Population growth ; Fisheries / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043825)
(3.63 MB)
6 Mapedza, Everisto. 2011. Book review on "Frederick, D.; Gordon, A. 2008. Freshwater resources and interstate cooperation: strategies to mitigate an environmental risk. New York, NY, UK: SUNY Press". Global Policy, 2(1):1p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2010.0062a.x]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043843)
(0.14 MB)
7 Lannerstad, M. 2002. Consumptive water use feeds the world and makes rivers run dry. MSc thesis. Stockholm, Sweden: Royal Institute of Technology. 73p. (TRITA-LWR Master Thesis 02-13)
Rivers ; River basin management ; Water depletion ; Water use ; Water accounting ; Food production ; Irrigated farming ; Rainfed farming ; Population growth ; Freshwater ; Plant water relations / South Asia / Colorado River / Ebro River / Nile River / Amu Darya River / Syr Darya River / Aral Sea / Indus River / Ganges River / Yellow River / Huang He River / Murray Darling River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.483 G000 LAN Record No: H043897)
(0.12 MB)
8 UNEP. 2002. Vital water graphics: an overview of the state of the world’s fresh and marine waters. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP. 43p. + 40 transparencies.
Water resources ; Assessment ; Freshwater ; Sea water ; River basins ; Runoff ; Hydrological cycle ; Chemicals ; Water use ; Water supply ; Sanitation ; Water pollution ; Water stress ; Water scarcity ; Wetlands ; Aquaculture
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 UNE Record No: H043900)
9 Sandford, R. 2011. Converging global food and water trade-offs. In Garrido, A.; Ingram, H. (Eds.). Water for food in a changing world. London, UK: Routledge. pp.3-10. (Contributions from the Rosenberg International Forum on Water Policy)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.61 G100 GAR Record No: H043977)
10 Safriel, U. 2011. Balancing water for people and nature. In Garrido, A.; Ingram, H. (Eds.). Water for food in a changing world. London, UK: Routledge. pp.135-170. (Contributions from the Rosenberg International Forum on Water Policy)
Water resources development ; Water balance ; Freshwater ; Ecosystems ; Cost benefit analysis ; Biodiversity ; Desertification
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.61 G100 GAR Record No: H043984)
11 Loucks, D. P. 2011. Optimizing water for life. In Garrido, A.; Ingram, H. (Eds.). Water for food in a changing world. London, UK: Routledge. pp.171-196. (Contributions from the Rosenberg International Forum on Water Policy)
Water requirements ; Water scarcity ; Water supply ; Freshwater ; Drinking water ; Water policy ; Case studies ; Ecosystems / USA / Central Asia / Australia / South Florida / Everglades / Aral Sea / Chesapeake Bay / Murray-Darling River / Upper Mississippi River System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.61 G100 GAR Record No: H043985)
12 Chapagain, A. K. 2006. Globalisation of water: opportunities and threats of virtual water trade. PhD thesis. Rotterdam, Netherlands: A. A. Balkema. 148p.
Globalization ; Virtual water ; Water content ; Water scarcity ; Water demand ; Water use ; Water footprint ; Freshwater ; International waters ; Water conservation ; Water loss ; Flow discharge
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: D 333.91 G000 CHA Record No: H044003)
http://ppwww.pica.nl/psi_ttldoc/ttld_getfile.php?PPN=311494374&DB=2.41&FILENAME=GLOBALISATION%20OF%20WATER%20OPPORTUNITIES%20A%20N%20D%20THREATS%20OF%20VIRTUAL%20WATER%20TRADE.pdf&ILN=301&COOKIE=&REF=http%3A%2F%2Fopac-gonext.oclc.org%3A8180%2FDB%3D2%2FSET%3D1%2FTTL%3D1%252FSHW%253FFRST%253D1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044003.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044003.pdf
(7.27 MB) (2.27MB)
Where the river basin is generally seen as the appropriate unit for analyzing freshwater availability and use, it becomes increasingly important to put freshwater issues in a global context. The book analyses the opportunities and threats of international virtual water trade in the context of solving national and regional problems of water shortages. Central questions addressed in the study are: What are the fluxes of virtual water related to the international trade of products? Is the import of virtual water a solution to water-scarce nations or merely a threat of becoming water dependent? Can the international trade of products be a tool to enhance water use efficiency globally, or, is it a way of shifting the environmental burdens to a distant location? To understand the global component of fresh water demand and supply, a set of indicators has been developed. The framework thus developed has been applied to different case studies. An estimated 16% of the global water use is not for producing domestically consumed products but products for export. With increasing globalisation of trade, global water interdependencies and overseas externalities are likely to increase. At the same time liberalisation of trade creates opportunities to increase global water use efficiency and physical water savings. Many nations save domestic water resources by importing water-intensive products and exporting commodities that are less water intensive. As a result of product trades from more productive sites to the less productive sites, there is a saving of 6 per cent of the global water use in agriculture. The study explores the use of virtual water transfers as an alternative to large scale inter-basin real water transfers has been analysed in a case study for China along with some major product studies such as coffee, tea and cotton products. The consumption of a product is connected to a chain of impacts on the water resources in the countries where it is grown and processed. The study has estimated the water footprint of worldwide consumption. Detailed impact study has been carried out for the case of cotton. It identifies both the location and the character of the impacts. The research distinguishes between three types of impact: evaporation of infiltrated rainwater for cotton growth (green water use), withdrawal of ground- or surface water for irrigation or processing (blue water use) and water pollution during growth or processing. Given the general lack of proper water pricing mechanisms or other ways of transmitting production-information, cotton consumers have little incentive to take responsibility for the impacts on remote water systems. It is found that the international trade has indirectly enhanced the global water use efficiency and helped to address the national water scarcity in some water-poor countries by saving national water resources. However, this was possible at the cost of increased water dependencies between nations. The existing indicators of water use are not sufficient to address the effect of consumption on water resources. It is proposed to use the concept of water footprint to understand the real appropriation of water by a nation and also to understand the chain of impacts on global water resources as a result of local consumption. The future trade negotiations should undertake the notion that trade is not only a tool of global economic development; it can also be a means of externalising the water footprint and thus shifting environmental burdens to distant locations.
13 World Water Council. 2000. World Water Vision commission report - a water secure world: vision for water, life, and the environment. London, UK: World Water Council. 70p.
Water management ; Water security ; Freshwater ; Water scarcity ; International waters ; Water rates ; Pricing ; Environmental policy ; Private sector ; International cooperation ; Investment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 WOR Record No: H044231)
http://www.worldwatercouncil.org/fileadmin/wwc/Library/Publications_and_reports/Visions/CommissionReport.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044231.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044231.pdf
(0.46 MB) (472.27KB)
14 Rockstrom, J.; Axberg, G. N.; Falkenmark, M.; Lannerstad, M.; Rosemarin, A.; Caldwell, I.; Arvidson, A.; Nordstrom, M. 2005. Sustainable pathways to attain the millennium development goals: assessing the key role of water, energy and sanitation. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). 104p.
Water requirements ; Water productivity ; Freshwater ; Hunger ; Food production ; Environmental effects ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Sanitation ; Households ; Population growth ; Economic aspects ; Financing ; Excreta ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Energy
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.6 G000 ROC Record No: H044232)
http://sei-international.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Water-sanitation/sustainable_pathways_mdg.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044232.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044232.pdf
(3.24 MB) (3.24MB)
15 Tellus Institute. 2001. Halfway to the future: reflections on the global condition. Boston, MA, USA: Tellus Institute. 55p.
Climate change ; Freshwater ; Waste management ; Environmental degradation ; Environmental protection
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.7 000 TEL Record No: H044545)
(0.25 MB)
16 Hosterman, H. R.; McCornick, Peter G.; Kistin, E. J.; Sharma, Bharat; Bharati, Luna. 2012. Freshwater, climate change and adaptation in the Ganges River Basin. Water Policy, 14(1):67-79. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2011.065]
River basins ; Freshwater ; Water resources ; Water management ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Ecosystems ; Water power ; Economic development ; Agriculture / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / China / Tibet / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044644)
(0.11 MB)
Climate change is one of the drivers of change in the Ganges River Basin, together with population growth, economic development and water management practices. These changing circumstances have a significant impact on key social and economic sectors of the basin, largely through changes in water quantity, quality and timing of availability. This paper evaluates the impact of water on changing circumstances in three sectors of the Ganges Basin – agriculture, ecosystems and energy. Given the inherent interconnectedness of these core sectors and the cross-cutting impact of changing circumstances on water resources, we argue that adaptation should not be viewed as a separate initiative, but rather as a goal and perspective incorporated into every level of planning and decision making. Adaptation to changing circumstances will need to be closely linked to water resource management and will require significant collaboration across the sectors.
17 Payet, R.; Obura, D. 2004. The negative impacts of human activities in the Eastern African region: an international waters perspective. Ambio, 33(1-2):24-33.
International waters ; Social aspects ; Human behaviour ; Ecosystems ; Assessment ; Coral reefs ; Case studies ; Sustainable development ; River basins ; Water policy ; Wastes ; Pollution ; Freshwater ; Climate change / East Africa / Somali
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8100 Record No: H044760)
(2.04 MB)
The complex interactions between human activities and the environment at the interface of land and water is analyzed with a focus on the Somali Current (East Africa), and Indian Ocean Island States, subregions of the Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA). These 2 subregions contain some of the world's richest ecosystems, including the high biodiversity forests of Madagascar and the diverse coastal habitats of the eastern African coast. These ecosystems support local communities and national and regional economies. Current and future degradation of these systems, from water basins to continental shelves, affects the livelihoods and sustainability of the countries in the region, and long-term efforts to reduce poverty. The assessments determined that pollution and climate change are the primary environmental and social concerns in the Islands of the Indian Ocean, while freshwater shortage and unsustainable exploitation of fisheries and other living resources are the primary environmental and social concerns in East Africa. The GIWA approach, through assessing root causes of environmental concerns, enables the development of policy approaches for mitigating environmental degradation. This paper explores policy frameworks for mitigating the impacts, and reducing the drivers, of 3 environmental concerns—freshwater shortage; solid waste pollution; and climate change—addressing social and institutional causes and effects, and linking the subregions to broad international frameworks. The common theme in all 3 case studies is the need to develop integrated ecosystem and international waters policies, and mechanisms to manage conflicting interests and to limit threats to natural processes.
18 Severskiy, I. V. 2004. Water-related problems of Central Asia: some results of the (GIWA) international water assessment program. Ambio, 33(1-2):52-62.
International waters ; Water resources ; Water management ; Assessment ; River basins ; Freshwater ; Reservoirs ; Water shortage ; Groundwater ; Water use ; Water policy ; Dams ; Irrigation ; Stream flow / Central Asia / Aral Sea Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8100 Record No: H044761)
(0.11 MB)
This paper presents results of the research under the program Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) for the Aral Sea basin (Subregion 24 of the GIWA program). These results show that the determining factor for the region is freshwater shortage and the main issue is modification of stream flow. According to GIWA assessment estimations, freshwater shortage is responsible for about 70% of the developmental problems in the region. The current economy is developing under conditions of increasing water deficiency. In spite of increasing efforts by the governments of the countries in the region, and by the international community, the situation in regard to water supply and economic objectives in the countries of central Asia remains tense and shows clear tendencies towards aggravation and conflict.The main causes for this sharpening of ecological and socioeconomic conditions in the region are analyzed, and measures to mitigate stress in transboundary water-resources use are presented.
19 South, G. R.; Skelton, P. A.; Veitayaki, J.; Resture, A.; Carpenter, C.; Pratt, C.; Lawedrau, A. 2004. The global international waters assessment for the pacific islands: aspects of transboundary, water shortage, and coastal fisheries issues. Ambio, 33(1-2):98-106.
International waters ; Assessment ; Water shortage ; Freshwater ; Water policy ; Coastal area ; Fisheries / Pacific Islands
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8100 Record No: H044762)
(0.46 MB)
Aspects of transboundary, water shortage, and fisheries issues are discussed in the context of the recently completed Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) for the Pacific Islands. The region encompasses some 30 million km2 and approximately 12% of the world’s ocean space, and features great geographic, demographic and developmental diversity. Global change, especially sea level rise and sea surface temperature increases, is the dominant transboundary concern as it impacts all aspects of life. Water shortage and unsustainable fishing issues are selected for discussion, as they will dominate the region into the foreseeable future, and they are illustrated with examples from Fiji, Kiribati, and Tonga. The environmental impacts are exacerbated by socioeconomic issues such as high population growth rates, urban drift, the breakdown of traditional life styles and the rapid adoption of the cash economy. Policy options that may assist in addressing these issues are proposed.
20 Nagothu, U. S.; Gosain, A. K.; Kuppannan, Palanisami. (Eds.) 2012. Water and climate change: an integrated approach to address adaptation challenges. New Delhi, India: Macmillan. 282p.
Water resources ; Water management ; Freshwater ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Temperature ; Rain ; Precipitation ; Drought ; Flooding ; River basins ; Assessment ; Water availability ; Water use efficiency ; Water quality ; Monitoring ; Statistical analysis ; Risks ; Economic situation ; Land use ; Institutions ; Policy ; Hydrology ; Simulation models ; Topography ; Irrigation programs ; Irrigated sites ; Greenhouse gases ; Environmental effects ; Agricultural production ; Weather ; Crops ; Rice ; Maize ; Groundnuts ; Crop insurance ; Indicators / India / Andhra Pradesh / Godavari River Basin / Manjeera River / Sri Ram Sagar Project / Dowleswaram Barrage / Nizam Sagar Project / Kaddam Project / Devadula Lift Irrigation Scheme / Singur Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G635 NAG Record No: H044763)
(0.36 MB)
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