Your search found 12 records
1 Statham, I. 1977. Earth surface sediment transport: Contemporary problems in geography. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. 184p. : ill., tables 24 cm.
(Location: IWMI-SEA Call no: 551.303 G000 STA Record No: BKK-114)
2 Dang, T. H.; Coynel, A.; Orange, Didier; Blanc, G.; Etcheber, H.; Le, L. A. 2010. Long-term monitoring (1960–2008) of the river-sediment transport in the Red River Watershed (Vietnam): temporal variability and dam-reservoir impact. Science of the Total Environment, 408:4654-4664. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.007]
Rivers ; Erosion ; Watersheds ; Sediment transport ; Monitoring ; Dams ; Reservoirs / South East Asia / Vietnam / Red River Watershed / HoaBinh Reservoir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043301)
(1.43 MB)
The Red River (China/Vietnam, A=155,000 km²) is a typical humid tropics river originating from the mountainous area of Yunnan Province in China. Based on information on daily discharge (Q) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration between 1960–2008 for the SonTay gauging station (outlet of the River and entry to the Delta) provided by the National Institute IMHE-MONRE, the mean annual SPM flux was estimated at 90 Mt/yr, corresponding to a sediment yield of 600 t/km²/yr. The temporal variability of annual SPM fluxes (ranging from 24 to 200 Mt/yr) is strongly related to the interannual hydrological conditions. However, some years of high water flow were not associated with high sediment fluxes, especially after 1989 when the HoaBinh dam came into operation. Therefore, the median discharge pre- (3389 m3/s) and post 1989 (3495 m3/s) are similar indicating there was little or no change between both periods. Sediment rating curves (power law-type; SPM=aQb) were fitted for both periods (1960–1989; 1990–2008). The analysis of the pre- and post-1989 sediment rating parameters (a, b) suggests a downshift of b-parameter values after 1989, attributed to a decrease of the sediment supply due to the commissioning of the HoaBinh dam. A single sediment rating curve derived from 1960–1989 data was used to simulate the annual variability of former sediment delivery, generating excellent cumulative flux estimates (error ~1%). In contrast, applying the same rating curve to the 1990–2008 data resulted in systematic and substantial (up to 109%) overestimation. This suggests that the HoaBinh dam reduces annual SPM delivery to the delta by half, implying important metal/metalloid storage behind the HoaBinh dam.
3 Mebrahtu, M. K. 1998. Determination of rainfall-runoff-soil loss relationship for Mayketin Catchment, Eritrea. Thesis submitted to the faculty of Engineering, University of Nairobi in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Agricultural Engineering (Soil and Water Engineering). 195p.
Rain ; Runoff ; Catchment areas ; Erosion ; Precipitation ; Groundwater recharge ; Models ; Sediment transport ; Sedimentation / Eritrea / Mayketin Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: D 551.57 G100 MEB Record No: H043624)
(0.37 MB)
4 Stewart, B. A.; Woolhiser, D. A.; Wischmeier, W. H.; Caro, J. H.; Frere, M. H.; Alt, K. F. 1976. Control of water pollution from cropland. Vol 2 - An overview. Washington, DC, USA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Hyattsville, MD, USA: U. S. Department of Agriculture. 187p.
Water pollution ; Farmland ; Hydrological cycle ; Models ; Agricultural practices ; Rain ; Runoff ; Erosion ; Sediment transport ; Sedimentation ; Nutrients ; Leaching ; Soil conservation ; Agricultural wastes ; Fertilizers ; Pesticides ; Aquatic environment ; Economic aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 STE Record No: H043857)
(0.08 MB)
5 Schaack, J.; Anderson, S. S. (Eds.) 2001. Transbasin water transfers: proceedings of the 2001 USCID Water Management Conference, Denver, Colorado, USA, 27-30 June 2001. Denver, CO, USA: US Committee on Irrigation and Drainage. 497p.
Water management ; Water transfer ; International Waters ; Case studies ; River basins ; Canals ; Water resources development ; Water availability ; Institutions ; Environmental effects ; Groundwater recharge ; Water rights ; Sediment transport ; Drinking water ; Watersheds ; Water accounting / USA / Brazil / India / Nepal / Taiwan / Uzbekistan / Carson River Basin / Truckee River Basin / Colorado / Dolores River / California / Teno-Chimbarongo Canal / Rio Sao Francisco Trans-Basin / Godavari River Basin / Krishna River Basin / Melamchi River Basin / Manusmara River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 SCH Record No: H044060)
(0.36 MB)
6 Abdel-Magid, I. M.; Khadam, M. A.; Osman, M. A.; Abdo, G. M. (Eds.) 1986. Proceedings of the International Conference on Water Resources Needs and Planning in Drought Prone Areas, Khartoum, Sudan, 6-12 December 1986. Part 1. Khartoum, Sudan: Sudan Engineering Society; Khartoum, Sudan: UNESCO. pp.1-658.
Flood control ; Drought ; Groundwater ; Hydrology ; Models ; Rain ; Canals ; Design ; Deforestation ; Irrigation programs ; Reservoirs ; Sediment transport ; Aquatic plants ; Rivers ; Case studies / Africa / Sudan / Nigeria / Somalia / Kenya / Nile River Basin / Akosombo Reservoir / Gezira Irrigation Scheme / Gedaref
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ABD Record No: H044477)
(0.47 MB)
7 Abdel-Magid, I. M.; Khadam, M. A.; Osman, M. A.; Abdo, G. M. (Eds.) 1986. Proceedings of the International Conference on Water Resources Needs and Planning in Drought Prone Areas, Khartoum, Sudan, 6-12 December 1986. Part 2. Khartoum, Sudan: Sudan Engineering Society; Khartoum, Sudan: UNESCO. pp.667-1316.
Water management ; Reservoirs ; Remote sensing ; Water harvesting ; Drought ; Irrigation management ; Canals ; Sediment transport ; Furrow irrigation ; Sedimentation ; Aquifers ; Groundwater management ; Artificial recharge ; Water supply / Africa / Nigeria / Saudi Arabia / Sudan / Gezira Scheme / Asa Dam Reservoir / Wadi Halfa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ABD Record No: H044478)
(0.44 MB)
8 Garg, K. K.; Karlberg, L.; Wani, S. P.; Berndes, G. 2011. Jatropha production on wastelands in India: opportunities and trade-offs for soil and water management at the watershed scale. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 5(4):410-430. [doi: https://doi.org/ 0.1002/bbb.312]
Waste land ; Jatropha ; Water management ; Water balance ; Soil management ; Watersheds ; Biofuels ; Evapotranspiration ; Sedimentation ; Sediment transport ; Runoff ; Models ; Erosion ; Income ; Farmers ; Water users ; Ecosystems / India / Andhra Pradesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044739)
(1.14 MB)
Biofuel production from feedstocks grown on wastelands is considered a means of addressing concerns about climate change and improving energy security while at the same time providing an additional source of income for the land users. The establishment of biomass plantations on wastelands is likely to affect local livelihoods and can affect surrounding ecosystems by infl uencing hydrologic fl ows and processes such as erosion. We present an assessment of Jatropha plantation establishment on wastelands, using the ArcSWAT modeling tool. The assessment was made for a wasteland located in the Velchal watershed, Andhra Pradesh, India, which recently was converted to a biofuel plantation with Jatropha. The previous land use, in this case grazing, could continue in the Jatropha plantations. Several desirable effects occurred as a result of the land-use conversion: non-productive soil evaporation was reduced as a larger share of the rainfall was channeled to productive plant transpiration and groundwater recharge, and at the same time a more stable (less erosive) runoff resulted in reduced soil erosion and improved downstream water conditions. A win-win situation between improved land productivity and soil carbon content was observed for the Jatropha plantations. On the other hand, the results indicate that at the sub-basin scale, reductions in runoff generation as a result of large-scale conversion of wastelands to Jatropha cropping may pose problems to downstream water users and ecosystems. From a livelihoods perspective, Jatropha production was generally positive, creating a complementary source of income to the farmers, thus strengthening the resilience of the local community. In the future, the potential gain from Jatropha cropping is expected to increase as cropping systems improve and growing biofuel markets result in better conditions for biofuel producers.
9 Tamene, L.; Adimassu, Zenebe; Ellison, J.; Yaekob, D.; Woldearegay, K.; Mekonnen, K.; Thorne, P.; Bao Le, Q. 2017. Mapping soil erosion hotspots and assessing the potential impacts of land management practices in the highlands of Ethiopia. Geomorphology, 292:153-163. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.04.038]
Land management ; Land degradation ; Highlands ; Soils ; Erosion ; Sediment transport ; Erosion control ; Models ; Participatory approaches ; Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Slopes ; Gully erosion ; Cultivated land ; Grazing lands ; Spatial distribution / Ethiopia / Basona District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048134)
An enormous effort is underway in Ethiopia to address soil erosion and restore overall land productivity. Modelling and participatory approaches can be used to delineate erosion hotspots, plan site- and context-specific interventions and assess their impacts. In this study, we employed a modelling interface developed based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation adjusted by the sediment delivery ratio to map the spatial distribution of net soil loss and identify priority areas of intervention. Using the modelling interface, we also simulated the potential impacts of different soil and water conservation measures in reducing net soil loss. Model predictions showed that net soil loss in the study area ranges between 0.4 and 88 t ha- 1 yr- 1 with an average of 12 t ha- 1 yr- 1. The dominant soil erosion hotspots were associated with steep slopes, gullies, communal grazing and cultivated areas. The average soil loss observed in this study is higher than the tolerable soil loss rate estimated for the highland of Ethiopia. The scenario analysis results showed that targeting hotspot areas where soil loss exceeds 10 t ha- 1 yr- 1 could reduce net soil loss to the tolerable limit (< 2 t ha- 1 yr- 1). The spatial distribution of soil loss and the sediment yield reduction potential of different options provided essential information to guide prioritization and targeting. In addition, the results can help promoting awareness within the local community of the severity of the soil erosion problem and the potential of management interventions. Future work should include cost-benefit and tradeoff analyses of the various management options for achieving a given level of erosion reduction.
10 Tamene, L.; Adimassu, Zenebe; Aynekulu, E.; Yaekob, T. 2017. Estimating landscape susceptibility to soil erosion using a GIS-based approach in northern Ethiopia. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 5(3):221-230. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2017.05.002]
Soil profiles ; Soil conservation ; Erosion ; Geographical information systems ; Landscape conservation ; Land degradation ; Sediment transport ; Sedimentation ; Watersheds ; Catchment areas ; Rain ; Reservoir storage / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048139)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209563391630137X/pdfft?md5=f2cd5081ebf0f23056b3f7a851d98187&pid=1-s2.0-S209563391630137X-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048139.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048139.pdf
(1.29 MB)
Soil erosion is a very critical form of land degradation resulting in the loss of soil nutrients and downstream sedimentation of water storages in the highlands of Ethiopia. As it is technically and financially impossible to conserve all landscapes affected by erosion, identification of priority areas of intervention is necessary. Spatially distributed erosion models can help map landscape susceptibility to erosion and identify high erosion risk areas. Integration of erosion models with geographic information systems (GIS) enables assessing evaluate the spatial variability of soil erosion and plan implementing conservation measures at landscape levels. In this study, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation adjusted for sediment delivery ratio was used in a GIS system to assess landscape sensitivity to erosion and identify hotspots. The approach was applied in three catchments with size being 10–20 km2 and results were compared against quantitative and semi-quantitative data. The model estimated mean soil loss rates of about 45 t ha-1 y-1 with an average variability of 30% between catchments. The estimated soil loss rate is above the tolerable limit of 10 t ha-1 y-1. The model predicted high soil loss rates at steep slopes and shoulder positions as well as along gullies. The results of the study demonstrate that knowledge of spatial patterns of high soil loss risk areas can help deploy site-specific conservation measures.
11 Bhatti, Muhammad Tousif; Ashraf, M.; Anwar, Arif A. 2021. Soil erosion and sediment load management strategies for sustainable irrigation in arid regions. Sustainability, 13(6):3547. (Special issue: Sustainable Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Engineering Applications) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063547]
Soil erosion ; Sediment yield ; Irrigation systems ; Sediment transport ; Modelling ; Arid zones ; Sustainability ; Strategies ; Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Normalized difference vegetation index ; Crop management ; Rivers ; Catchment areas ; Reservoirs ; Canals / Pakistan / Afghanistan / Gomal River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050370)
(4.00 MB) (4.00 MB)
Soil erosion is a serious environmental issue in the Gomal River catchment shared by Pakistan and Afghanistan. The river segment between the Gomal Zam dam and a diversion barrage (~40 km) brings a huge load of sediments that negatively affects the downstream irrigation system, but the sediment sources have not been explored in detail in this sub-catchment. The analysis of flow and sediment data shows that the significant sediment yield is still contributing to the diversion barrage despite the Gomal Zam dam construction. However, the sediment share at the diversion barrage from the sub-catchment is much larger than its relative size. A spatial assessment of erosion rates in the sub-catchment with the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) shows that most of the sub-catchment falls into very severe and catastrophic erosion rate categories (>100 t h-1y -1 ). The sediment entry into the irrigation system can be managed both by limiting erosion in the catchment and trapping sediments into a hydraulic structure. The authors tested a scenario by improving the crop management factor in RUSLE as a catchment management option. The results show that improving the crop management factor makes little difference in reducing the erosion rates in the sub-catchment, suggesting other RUSLE factors, and perhaps slope is a more obvious reason for high erosion rates. This research also explores the efficiency of a proposed settling reservoir as a sediment load management option for the flows diverted from the barrage. The proposed settling reservoir is simulated using a computer-based sediment transport model. The modeling results suggest that a settling reservoir can reduce sediment entry into the irrigation network by trapping 95% and 25% for sand and silt particles, respectively. The findings of the study suggest that managing the sub-catchment characterizing an arid region and having steep slopes and barren mountains is a less compelling option to reduce sediment entry into the irrigation system compared to the settling reservoir at the diversion barrage. Managing the entire catchment (including upstream of Gomal Zam dam) can be a potential solution, but it would require cooperative planning due to the transboundary nature of the Gomal river catchment. The output of this research can aid policy and decision-makers to sustainably manage sedimentation issues in the irrigation network.
12 Edamo, M. L.; Bushira, K.; Ukumo, T. Y. 2022. Flood susceptibility mapping in the Bilate Catchment, Ethiopia. H2Open Journal, 5(4):691-712. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.128]
Flooding ; Climate change ; Land use ; Land cover ; Soil types ; Slope ; Sediment transport ; Rain ; Risk management ; Models ; Remote sensing ; Geographical information systems ; Decision making ; Watersheds ; Infiltration ; Geomorphology ; Population density ; Drainage ; Downstream ; Case studies / Ethiopia / Bilate River / Rift Valley Lake Basin / Abaya-Chamo Catchment / Bilate Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051591)
https://iwaponline.com/h2open/article-pdf/5/4/691/1146611/h2oj0050691.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051591.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051591.pdf
(0.91 MB) (936 KB)
Flood susceptibility mapping plays a key role in planning flood mitigation. Floods may not be avoidable due to the future climate changes. The Bilate catchment in Ethiopia is vulnerable to flood disasters and it is used as case study in this project. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) under multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is used to develop the flood susceptibility map of the Bilate catchment. It was accordingly found that factors such as slope, rainfall, land use/land cover (LULC), elevation, topographic wetness index (TWI), soil type (ST), sediment transport index (STI), drainage density (DD), stream power index (SPI), and distance from the river (DR) have significant effects on the flood intensity in Bilate catchment. Each factor was evaluated by AHP, and an output map was developed in ARCGIS. The prepared flood susceptibility map was classified into five classes such as very low, low, moderate, high, and very high 9.3%, 32.6%, 41.2%, 10.8%, and 6.1% areas respectively. The flood susceptibility map reported in this research is a great resource for relevant parties, including government and non-governmental organizations, to evaluate the impacts of flooding in the Bilate catchment and throughout the nation. The flood identified in this research may also be used as a reference to flood-related studies.
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