Your search found 29 records
1 Xianming, W.; Zasang, D. 1990. The changing laws of soil moisture and rainfed agriculture in agricultural areas of river valleys in Tibet. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2:1-12.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 1725 Record No: H07452)
2 Bandyopadhyay, J. 1995. Ecology and hydro-diplomacy in the resolution of water conflicts in the Ganges-Brahmaputra Basin. In Stockholm Water Co., Water quality management heading for a new epoch: Proceedings: Fifth Stockholm Water Symposium 13-18 August 1995, Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Water Co. pp.157-172.
River basins ; Conflict ; Water resource management ; International cooperation ; Water scarcity ; Water storage ; Dams / Bangladesh / Bhutan / India / Nepal / Tibet / Ganges-Brahmaputra Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 STO Record No: H018442)
3 Gumbricht, T.; Lindholm, H.; Akre, A.; Szczepanek, R.; Hessling, M.; McCarthy, J. 1997. GIS integrated modelling of a Himalayan landscape. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 13(1):67-78.
GIS ; Computer models ; Erosion ; Precipitation ; River Basins ; Watersheds ; Hydrology / India / Tibet / Himalaya / Sutlej River / North Western India
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H020375)
4 Banskota, M.; Partap, T. (Eds.) 1997. Investing in the future: Agricultural research and education for sustainable mountain agriculture - Report of a regional consultation, Kathmandu, Nepal, January 23-26, 1996. Kathmandu, Nepal: ICIMOD. 106p.
Agricultural research ; Higher education ; Training ; Research priorities ; Research institutes ; Mountains ; Sustainable agriculture ; Water management ; Soil fertility ; Food security ; Farming systems ; Gender ; Women ; Farmers' attitudes / Nepal / India / Tibet / Pakistan / China / Myanmar / Bhutan / Himalayas
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 630.72 G726 BAN Record No: H021242)
5 Verghese, B. G. 1999. Waters of hope: From vision to reality in Himalaya-Ganga Development Cooperation. 2nd rev. ed. New Delhi, India: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. xviii, 551p.
Water resources ; Land resources ; Rivers ; Aquifers ; History ; Irrigation canals ; Transport ; Rice ; Animal husbandry ; Crops ; Diversification ; Farm management ; Traditional farming ; Mountains ; Agrarian reform ; Tenancy ; Legislation ; History ; Labor ; Water conservation ; Soil conservation ; Water balance ; Salinity ; Policy ; Water resource management ; Water allocation ; Irrigation scheduling ; Maintenance ; Water user associations ; Water rates ; Groundwater management ; Cost benefit analysis ; Case studies ; Flood control ; Dams ; Sedimentation ; Catchment areas ; Watershed management ; Forests ; Energy ; Natural disasters ; Risks ; Health ; Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Waterborne diseases ; Sanitation ; Water pollution ; Water quality ; Fisheries ; Mangroves ; Water law ; International cooperation / India / Nepal / Tibet / Bhutan / Bangladesh / USA / Canada / Africa / Himalayas / Ganga-Brahmaputra-Barak Basin / Brahmaputra / Himachal / West Bengal / Bihar / Ramganga / Gandak / Yamuna / Mekong
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G635 VER Record No: H024238)
6 Smout, I.; Parry-Jones, S. (Eds.) 1999. Lessons learned from NGO experiences in the water and sanitation sector. Loughborough, UK: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) v, 159p.
Water supply ; Sanitation ; Drilling ; Pumps ; Natural disasters ; Rural development ; Public health ; Tube wells ; Gravity flow ; Non-governmental organizations ; Networks ; Information services / Kenya / Bangladesh / Honduras / Mozambique / Cambodia / Malawi / Africa / Gambia / Nepal / Ghana / Rwanda / Tibet / Ethiopia / South Africa / Maldives / India / Senegal / Zimbabwe / Tanzania
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 628.1 G000 SMO Record No: H024254)
7 de ThFse, S.; Labbal, V. 1995. La gestion de l'eau d'irrigation dans les oasis traditionnelles du Haut-Ladakh. La Gestion Sociale de l'Eau, 4:98-100.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 5619 Record No: H027425)
8 Liu, C.; Cheng, L. 2000. Water harvesting in the South Western mountains of China. In Banskota, M.; Chalise, S. R. (Eds.), Waters of life: Perspectives of water harvesting in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas. Volume II: Proceedings of the Regional Workshop on Local Water Harvesting for Mountain Households in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas, Kathmandu, March 14-16, 1999. Kathmandu, Nepal: ICIMOD. pp.15-27.
Water harvesting ; Mountains ; Water policy ; Planning ; Poverty ; Rain ; Water storage ; Households ; Crop production ; Maintenance ; Constraints / China / Tibet / Yunnan / Hengduan / Qinghai Province / Sichuan Province
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G570 BAN Record No: H027993)
9 Guangwei, C. (Ed.) 2002. Biodiversity in the Eastern Himalayas: Conservation through dialogue – Summary reports of workshops on biodiversity conservation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan ecoregion. Kathmandu, Nepal: ICIMOD. 254p.
Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Mountains ; Wildlife ; Case studies ; Social participation ; Social aspects ; Economic aspects ; Community forestry ; Forest policy ; Legislation / Asia / Bhutan / Tibet / China / Nepal / Myanmar / Hindu Kush Himalaya / Pidaung Wildlife Sanctuary / Yarlung Zangbo River / Hkakaborazi National Park / Qinghai-Tebetan Plateau / Myitkina
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 574.5 G570 GUA Record No: H031297)
10 Li, Z.; Dxin, Y.; Yingcui, Z.; Hongye, Z.; Guangyuan, Y.; Rego, T. J.; Wani, S. P. 2005. Efficient management of water resources for improving the livelihoods through integrated watershed management approach. In Sharma, Bharat; Samra, J. S.; Scott, Christopher; Wani, S. P. (Eds.). Watershed management challenges: improving productivity, resources and livelihoods. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR); International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) pp.327-336.
Watershed management ; Villages ; Farm income ; Crops ; Diversification ; Farmers ; Training / China / Tibet / Xiaoxincun Watershed / Lucheba Watershed
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G635 SHA Record No: H037685)
(2.65 MB)
Water transfer ; Rivers ; Dams ; Reservoirs ; Canals ; Ecology / India / China / Tibet / USA / Yangtze River / Yellow River
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 7577 Record No: H039131)
12 Bharati, Luna; Gamage, Nilantha. 2010. Application of the Pitman Model to generate discharges for the Lhasa Basin, China. Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment, 7:30-34.
River basin management ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Simulation models ; Hydrology ; Stream flow / China / Tibet / Nepal / Lhasa River Basin / Koshi River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Record No: H043101)
http://www.nepjol.info/index.php/HN/article/download/4233/3593
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043101.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043101.pdf
(4.49 MB) (609KB)
Predicting river flows in basins where limited data is available is a challenge facing many hydrologists especially in developing countries. In this study, the Pitman monthly model was applied to generate flows for the Lhasa Basin in China (Tibet). As flow data was unavailable for the Lhasa basin, the model was first calibrated for the upper Koshi Basin in Nepal and China. The Pitman model successfully predicted flows for the upper Koshi basin (R2=0.88). Therefore, the estimated model parameters from the Koshi basin as well as climate data from the Lhasa basin were used to generate flows for the Lhasa basin outlet. The main modeling assumption is that the basin characteristics of the upper Koshi are similar to that of the Lhasa basin. Under present circumstances, where measured data is unavailable, the model estimated monthly flows for the Lhasa basin can be used in further studies in basin water accounting and management.
13 Bharati, Luna; Jayakody, Priyantha. 2010. Hydrology of the Upper Ganga River. Project report submitted to WWF, India. 38p.
River basins ; Flow ; Hydrology ; Models ; Runoff / India / Nepal / Tibet / Bangladesh / Upper Ganga River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043412)
(1.73 MB) (1.73 MB)
14 Sharma, Bharat R. 2009. Hydro-geology and water resources of Indus-Gangetic Basin: comparative analysis of issues and opportunities. Annals of Arid Zone, 48(3&4):1-31.
Groundwater recharge ; Arsenic ; Water scarcity ; Water pollution ; Flooding ; Climate change ; River basins ; Hydrogeology ; Analysis ; Precipitation ; Evaporation ; Runoff ; Water quality ; Water table ; Water governance ; Groundwater management ; Tube wells ; Irrigation programs / India / Tibet / Bangladesh / Nepal / Pakistan / Indus River Basin / Ganges River Basin / Indus Basin Irrigation System / Bhakra Nangal Project / Sunsari Morang Irrigation Project / Ganges-Kobadak Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044555)
(1.41 MB)
This paper gives an overview of water resources, its availability and use, problems and constraints, the present and future challenges and the ensuing opportunities in water resource sector of one of the most populated river basins of the world; the Indus-Gangetic basin. Large-scale development of water resources in the Indus basin has led to the resource base being depleted, both in terms of quantity as well as quality. Well-developed surface irrigation systems in the Indus basin tap most of the surface water available in the basin, leaving only 10% of the net runoff to the sea, whereas from Ganges basin, the net runoff flowing to the sea is about 40%. Groundwater, which is expected to serve as buffer source to compensate for the reduced surface water availability, is also getting depleted. Energy and agricultural sector policies followed also favour large scale exploitation of groundwater resources in the basin, which has led to water table decline and a reduction in environmental flows. In the Gangetic part of the basin, it is the economic water scarcity which is more prominent. Equally important is the deterioration of water quality of Ganges river, especially when it flows along the plains accumulating municipal, industrial and domestic waste from the rapidly growing cities situated along its banks. Compounded with these issues is the role played by climate change. Since both Indus and Ganges rivers are heavily dependent on snow and glacier melts, the streamflow in these rivers is highly sensitive to climate change. Recent years have witnessed some responses to the water scarcity problem in IG basin the form of popularization of resource conservation practices, growing high yielding short duration varieties of paddy, micro and precision irrigation, regulations to control groundwater use and management. The article presses the need for water resources in the basin to be managed in a conjunctive manner, considering rain water, surface water, soil water and groundwater in continuum. Considering the inter-linkage between groundwater extraction, energy and food policies, groundwater management strategies should have a focus on energy pricing, food pricing and procurement policies also. Nevertheless, devising long-term strategies on water resource management in the basin need not overlook the likely impacts that the changing climate is going to have on water resources.
15 Hosterman, H. R.; McCornick, Peter G.; Kistin, E. J.; Sharma, Bharat; Bharati, Luna. 2012. Freshwater, climate change and adaptation in the Ganges River Basin. Water Policy, 14(1):67-79. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2011.065]
River basins ; Freshwater ; Water resources ; Water management ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Ecosystems ; Water power ; Economic development ; Agriculture / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / China / Tibet / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044644)
(0.11 MB)
Climate change is one of the drivers of change in the Ganges River Basin, together with population growth, economic development and water management practices. These changing circumstances have a significant impact on key social and economic sectors of the basin, largely through changes in water quantity, quality and timing of availability. This paper evaluates the impact of water on changing circumstances in three sectors of the Ganges Basin – agriculture, ecosystems and energy. Given the inherent interconnectedness of these core sectors and the cross-cutting impact of changing circumstances on water resources, we argue that adaptation should not be viewed as a separate initiative, but rather as a goal and perspective incorporated into every level of planning and decision making. Adaptation to changing circumstances will need to be closely linked to water resource management and will require significant collaboration across the sectors.
16 Tang, B.-H.; Shrestha, B.; Li, Z.-L.; Liu, G.; Ouyang, H.; Gurung, D. R.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Aung, K. S. 2013. Determination of snow cover from MODIS data for the Tibetan Plateau Region. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 21:356-365. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2012.07.014]
Snow cover ; Cloud cover ; Satellite surveys ; Data ; Mapping ; Indicators ; Algorithms / Central Asia / China / Tibet / Tibetan Plateau
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045039)
(1.65 MB)
This paper addresses a snow-mapping algorithm for the Tibetan Plateau region using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Accounting for the effects of the atmosphere and terrain on the satellite observations at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), particularly in the rugged Tibetan Plateau region, the surface reflectance is retrieved from the TOA reflectance after atmospheric and topographic corrections. To reduce the effect of the misclassification of snow and cloud cover, a normalized difference cloud index (NDCI) model is proposed to discriminate snow/cloud pixels, separate from the MODIS cloud mask product MOD35. The MODIS land surface temperature (LST) product MOD11 L2 is also used to ensure better accuracy of the snow cover classification. Comparisons of the resulting snow cover with those estimated from high spatial-resolution Landsat ETM+ data and obtained from MODIS snow cover product MOD10 L2 for the Mount Everest region for different seasons in 2002, show that the MODIS snow cover product MOD10 L2 overestimates the snow cover with relative error ranging from 20.1% to 55.7%, whereas the proposed algorithm estimates the snow cover more accurately with relative error varying from 0.3% to 9.8%. Comparisons of the snow cover estimated with the proposed algorithm and those obtained from MOD10 L2 product with in situ measurements over the Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) region for December 2003 and January 2004 (the snowy seasons) indicate that the proposed algorithm can map the snow cover more accurately with greater than 90% agreement.
17 Immerzeel, W. 2008. Spatial modelling of mountainous basins: an integrated analysis of the hydrological cycle, climate change and agriculture. Utrecht, Netherlands: Utrecht University. Royal Dutch Geographical Society. 145p. (Netherlands Geographical Studies 369)
River basins ; Highlands ; Hydrological cycle ; Climate change ; Agriculture ; Precipitation ; Land use ; Mapping ; Time series analysis ; Models ; Calibration ; Evapotranspiration ; Water use ; Water productivity ; Catchment areas ; Ecosystems ; Economic aspects / Tibet / India / Brahmaputra River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.483 G000 IMM Record No: H045966)
http://www.hydrology.nl/images/docs/dutch/2008.01.18_Immerzeel.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045966.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045966.pdf
(4.55 MB) (4.55MB)
18 Johnston, Robyn; Smakhtin, Vladimir. 2014. Hydrological modeling of large river basins: how much is enough? Water Resources Management, 28(10):2695-2730. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0637-8]
Hydrology ; Models ; River basin management ; Water resources ; International waters ; Climate change ; Costs / Ethiopia / South East Asia / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Tibet / Pakistan / Nile River Basin / Mekong River Basin / Ganges River Basin / Indus River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046486)
http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11269-014-0637-8.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046486.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046486.pdf
(5.84 MB) (5.86 MB)
Hydrological modeling is an indispensable component of water resources research and management in large river basins. There is a tendency for each new group working in a basin to develop their own model, resulting in a plethora of such tools for each major basin. The question then becomes: how much modeling is enough? This study reviews hydrological modeling in four large basins (Nile, Mekong, Ganges and Indus). Based on this review, four areas for action to improve effectiveness and reduce duplication in hydrological modeling of large basins are suggested. Model setups and input data, as well as model results, should be published, to allow more coordinated approaches and capitalize on past modeling efforts. More focus is needed on reporting uncertainty, to allow more realistic assessment of the degree of confidence in using results for policy and management. Initiatives are needed to improve the quantity and quality of data for model input, calibration and validation, both traditional hydrological monitoring (improved networks, expansion of automated systems) and new methods for data collection (remote sensing, crowd-sourcing and community based observations). Finally, within each major basin, an appropriate agency should be identified and resourced to take responsibility for data sharing and coordination, to reduce redundancy of effort and promote collaboration.
19 Muthuwatta, Lal; Sood, Aditya; Sharma, Bharat. 2014. Model to assess the impacts of external drivers on the hydrology of the Ganges River Basin. In Castellarin, A.; Ceola, S.; Toth, E.; Montanari, A. (Eds.). Evolving water resources systems: understanding, predicting and managing water-society interactions: proceedings of the 6th IAHS-EGU International Symposium on Integrated Water Resources Management, Bologna, Italy, 4-6 June 2014. Wallingford, UK: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). pp.76-81.
Hydrology ; Models ; River basins ; Water yield ; Soils ; Assessment ; Climate change ; Precipitation ; Catchment areas ; Groundwater recharge / South East Asia / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Tibet / Pakistan / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046673)
(1.40 MB)
Impact of climate change on the hydrology of the Ganges River Basin (GRB) is simulated by using a hydrological model – Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Climate data from the GCM, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3) was downscaled with PRECIS for the GRB under A1B Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) scenarios. The annual average precipitation will increase by 2.2% and 14.1% by 2030 and 2050, respectively, compared to the baseline period (1981–2010). Spatial distribution of the future precipitation shows that in the substantial areas of the middle part of the GRB, the annual precipitation in 2030 and 2050 will be reduced compared to the baseline period. Simulations indicate that in 2050 the total groundwater recharge would increase by 12%, while the increase of evapotranspiration will be about 10% compared to the baseline period. The water yield is also expected to increase in the future (up to 40% by 2050 compared to baseline), especially during the wetter months. The model setup is available for free from IWMI’s modelling inventory.
20 Pavelic, Paul; Brindha, Karthikeyan; Amarnath, Giriraj; Eriyagama, Nishadi; Muthuwatta, Lal; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Gangopadhyay, Prasun K.; Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh; Mishra, Atmaram; Sharma, Bharat R.; Hanjra, Munir A.; Reddy, R. V.; Mishra, V. K.; Verma, C. L.; Kant, L. 2015. Controlling floods and droughts through underground storage: from concept to pilot implementation in the Ganges River Basin. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 33p. (IWMI Research Report 165) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2016.200]
Climate change ; Flood control ; Flood irrigation ; Floodplains ; Drought ; River basins ; Economic aspects ; Cost benefit analysis ; Corporate culture ; Groundwater depletion ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater irrigation ; Water storage ; Water resources ; Underground storage ; Subsurface runof ; Flow discharge ; Disaster risk reduction ; Impact assessment ; Case studies / South East Asia / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Tibet / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047460)
(1 MB)
The concept of ‘Underground Taming of Floods for Irrigation’ (UTFI) is introduced as an approach for co-managing floods and droughts at the river basin scale. UTFI involves strategic recharge of aquifers upstream during periods of high flow, thereby preventing local and downstream flooding, and simultaneously providing additional groundwater for irrigation during the dry season for livelihood improvement. Three key stages in moving UTFI from the concept stage to mainstream implementation are discussed. An analysis of prospects in the Ganges River Basin are revealed from the earliest stage of mapping of suitability at the watershed level through to the latest stages of identifying and setting up the first pilot trial in the Upper Ganges, where a comprehensive evaluation is under way. If UTFI can be verified then there is enormous potential to apply it to address climate change adaptation/mitigation and disaster risk reduction challenges globally.
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