Your search found 6 records
1 Woolley, Jonathan; Harrington, Larry; Huber-Lee, Annette; Douthwaite, Boru; Geheb, Kim; Vidal, Alain; George, Pamela; Nguyen Khoa, Sophie. 2009. Integrated food and water research for development. In Chartres, Colin (Ed.). Words into action: delegate publication for the 5th World Water Forum, Istanbul, Turkey, 16-22 March 2009. London, UK: Faircount Media Group. pp.84-88.
Water use ; Water security ; Water scarcity ; Water productivity ; River basins ; Reservoirs ; Cropping systems ; Livestock ; Research projects / Ethiopia / South Africa / Limpopo Basin / Nile Basin / Volta Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G635 SAL Record No: H042189)
(1.03 MB)
2 Woolley, Jonathan; Cook, Simon E.; Molden, David; Harrington, Larry. 2009. Water, food and development: the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. Water International, 34(1):4-12. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060802666179]
Research projects ; Research institutes ; Food security ; Water scarcity ; Poverty ; Productivity ; River basins / Karkheh River Basin / Mekong River Basin / Volta River River Basin / Sao Francisco River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042308)
(0.20 MB)
Providing the water needed to produce food for more than 9 billion people by 2050 seems simple: agriculture must produce more food with less water. However, three complex issues are involved: First, water, food production and rural development do not have a simple correlation. Second, there are interactions between processes at local, basin and global scales. Third, change involves people in complex networks of institutions. The Challenge Program on Water and Food brings together agriculturalists, hydrologists and development specialists in a global-to-local programme that focuses on change through institutions. We believe that this scale, complexity and involvement are necessary to deliver plausible change.
3 Harrington, Larry; Cook, Simon E.; Lemoalle, Jacques; Kirby, Mac; Taylor, C.; Woolley, Jonathan. 2009. Cross-basin comparisons of water use, water scarcity and their impact on livelihoods: present and future. Water International, 34(1):144-154. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/02508060802661584]
Water availability ; Water use ; Water scarcity ; Water productivity ; River basins ; Diversification ; Intensification ; Poverty ; Climate change ; Population growth
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042312)
(0.24 MB)
We compare water availability, water use, water productivity and poverty across the diverse river basins studied by the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. Water productivity tends to be higher in drier areas and where livestock grazing is integrated with rainfed crop production. We find that links among water, food security and poverty are best understood within a historical perspective. We identify opportunities to reduce poverty through water-related interventions. The way in which waterrelated investments affect poverty is influenced by changes in demography, climate, and rural society. In most basins, these trends involve trade-offs that require good governance at local, regional and basin scales.
4 Andreini, Marc; Schuetz, Tonya; Harrington, Larry. (Eds.) 2009. Small reservoirs toolkit. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Brasilia, DF, Brasil: Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Cerrados Center); Harare, Zimbabwe: University of Zimbabwe (UZ); Accra, Ghana: Ghana Water Research Institution (WRI); Delft, The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology (TUD); Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI); Marseille, France: Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Bonn, Germany: Center for Development Research, University of Bonn; Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University.
Reservoirs ; Mapping ; Hydrology ; Reservoir storage ; Monitoring ; Remote sensing ; Erosion ; Siltation ; Ecosystems ; Public health ; Models ; Water governance / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042501)
(0.24 MB)
People living in arid areas often experience highly variable rainfall, droughts, floods and have insecure livelihoods. Small multi-purpose reservoirs are a widely used form of infrastructure for the provision of water. They supply water for domestic use, livestock watering, small scale irrigation, and other beneficial uses. Although clusters of reservoirs store significant quantities of water and effect on downstream flows, they have rarely been considered as systems, with synergies and tradeoffs resulting from their numbers and their density.
Often reservoirs were constructed in a series of projects funded by different agencies, at different times, with little or no coordination among the implementing partners. That a significant number are functioning sub-optimally and/or are falling into disrepair indicates that there is room for improvement in the planning, management, operation, and maintenance of small reservoirs. This first version of the Small Reservoirs Toolkit was produced by the Small Reservoirs Project. It is a project of the Challenge Program for Water and Food, sponsored by the German Technical Cooperation (Gesellschaft fuer Technische Zusammenarbeit, GTZ), led by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) with six partners: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa), L’Institute de recherché pour le development (IRD), Stockholm Environment Institution (SEI), Delft University of Technology (TUD), University of Zimbabwe (UZ), Ghana Water Research Institution (WRI). In 2005 the project began with two paired objectives. The basin/watershed level objective is to promote and support the planning, development, and management of small reservoir ensembles. The local/community level objective is to support use of small multi-purpose reservoirs that are properly located, well designed, well maintained and operated to improve the livelihoods of the local residents. A multi-disciplinary team was assembled to develop a set of tools based on socio-economic and biophysical research. The hydrologic, economic, ecological, health, and institutional dimensions of small reservoirs were considered. By harmonizing the interests of individuals served by small multi-purpose reservoirs and other people living in the basin we will come closer to our paired goals: 1) to maintain water related ecosystem services, the long-term sustainability of local water supplies, and adequate downstream flows as we make use of small reservoirs and 2) to improve food security and increase sustainable livelihoods through the use of those small multi-purpose reservoirs.
There are approximately 30 tools and techniques presented in four topic areas: i) Intervention Planning; ii) Storage and Hydrology; iii) Ecosystems and Health; iv) Institutions and Economics.
This tool kit is intended for the use of NGOs, research institutes, universities, donor agencies, multilateral organizations, and government agencies. These tools are not meant to replace other methods of collecting, storing, and presenting knowledge. Information in journal articles, dissertations, theses, and other literature is often difficult to find and is seldom written for use by practitioners. The purpose of the tools is to make information more accessible and more useful to practitioners. In the tools, references are made to the original documents. And it is expected that the reader will refer to and make use of the original documents where necessary.
Some of these tools are simple and applying them requires nothing more than the desire to try something new, and the drive to ‘get out and do it’. Undertaking them effectively requires, sometimes advanced, facilitation and communication skills. Here, we have aimed to provide comprehensive accounts of how to apply such techniques, with a focus on the requirements of potential facilitators. Some of the tools are more complex, and call for significant resources if they are to be used effectively. Here, we have attempted to provide an introduction and orientation to the topic at hand, as well as an introduction to resources that might prove useful to the reader The aim of this toolkit is to present entry points and references to the wide ranged topic of ‘Small Reservoirs’ and related research. This toolkit is a starting point. Other researchers will make additional contributions as part of the on-going process of expanding our knowledge of small reservoirs. References and contact persons are listed at the end of each tool.
Often reservoirs were constructed in a series of projects funded by different agencies, at different times, with little or no coordination among the implementing partners. That a significant number are functioning sub-optimally and/or are falling into disrepair indicates that there is room for improvement in the planning, management, operation, and maintenance of small reservoirs. This first version of the Small Reservoirs Toolkit was produced by the Small Reservoirs Project. It is a project of the Challenge Program for Water and Food, sponsored by the German Technical Cooperation (Gesellschaft fuer Technische Zusammenarbeit, GTZ), led by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) with six partners: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa), L’Institute de recherché pour le development (IRD), Stockholm Environment Institution (SEI), Delft University of Technology (TUD), University of Zimbabwe (UZ), Ghana Water Research Institution (WRI). In 2005 the project began with two paired objectives. The basin/watershed level objective is to promote and support the planning, development, and management of small reservoir ensembles. The local/community level objective is to support use of small multi-purpose reservoirs that are properly located, well designed, well maintained and operated to improve the livelihoods of the local residents. A multi-disciplinary team was assembled to develop a set of tools based on socio-economic and biophysical research. The hydrologic, economic, ecological, health, and institutional dimensions of small reservoirs were considered. By harmonizing the interests of individuals served by small multi-purpose reservoirs and other people living in the basin we will come closer to our paired goals: 1) to maintain water related ecosystem services, the long-term sustainability of local water supplies, and adequate downstream flows as we make use of small reservoirs and 2) to improve food security and increase sustainable livelihoods through the use of those small multi-purpose reservoirs.
There are approximately 30 tools and techniques presented in four topic areas: i) Intervention Planning; ii) Storage and Hydrology; iii) Ecosystems and Health; iv) Institutions and Economics.
This tool kit is intended for the use of NGOs, research institutes, universities, donor agencies, multilateral organizations, and government agencies. These tools are not meant to replace other methods of collecting, storing, and presenting knowledge. Information in journal articles, dissertations, theses, and other literature is often difficult to find and is seldom written for use by practitioners. The purpose of the tools is to make information more accessible and more useful to practitioners. In the tools, references are made to the original documents. And it is expected that the reader will refer to and make use of the original documents where necessary.
Some of these tools are simple and applying them requires nothing more than the desire to try something new, and the drive to ‘get out and do it’. Undertaking them effectively requires, sometimes advanced, facilitation and communication skills. Here, we have aimed to provide comprehensive accounts of how to apply such techniques, with a focus on the requirements of potential facilitators. Some of the tools are more complex, and call for significant resources if they are to be used effectively. Here, we have attempted to provide an introduction and orientation to the topic at hand, as well as an introduction to resources that might prove useful to the reader The aim of this toolkit is to present entry points and references to the wide ranged topic of ‘Small Reservoirs’ and related research. This toolkit is a starting point. Other researchers will make additional contributions as part of the on-going process of expanding our knowledge of small reservoirs. References and contact persons are listed at the end of each tool.
5 Cook, S.; Tiemann, T.; Fisher, M.; Harrington, Larry. 2010. Food, water and poverty: basin and global scale patterns of water availability, use and its impacts on rural development [Abstract only]. Paper presented at the Annual Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural and Natural Resource Management (Tropentag) Conference on World Food System - a contribution from Europe, Thematic scientific session on Water management, Zurich, Switzerland, 14 -16 September 2010. 1p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043612)
(0.08 MB)
6 Ghazouani, W.; Marlet, S.; Mekki, I.; Harrington, Larry; Vidal, Alain. 2012. Farmers' practices and community management of irrigation: why do they not match in Fatnassa oasis? Irrigation and Drainage, 61(1):39-51. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.62]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H044610)
(0.38 MB)
Community-managed irrigation systems are commonly faced with problems of low system-level performance. A comprehensive survey was undertaken to assess and quantify the causes of the low irrigation performance in a community-managed oasis in southern Tunisia. At the irrigation system level, results showed that irrigation intervals were double those that had been expected (19–21 days). The main cause was inappropriate farmers’ practices at eld level where the irrigation duration was almost twice the expected 10 h ha-1. The extension of date palm plantation and technical dysfunctions played a less important role as they were counterbalanced by cancellation of irrigation in some plots. At the eld scale, excessively long irrigation duration resulted from the joint effects of small elds, poor maintenance of eld-level water delivery systems, uncontrolled night irrigation events and low farmer commitment. This situation emphasizes the question of ef ciency and sustainability of irrigation systems when farmers subvert collective rules. Further, the situation raises the question of equity among farmers which hinders their support for the water users’ association and the strict application of water allocation rules. These ndings should help identify an appropriate approach and lead to positive changes in the management of community irrigation systems.
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