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1 Sreedevi, T. K.; Wani, S. P.; Sudi, R.; Patel, M. S.; Talati, Jayesh; Singh, S. N.; Shah, Tushaar. 2006. On-site and off-site impact of watershed development: a case study of Rajasamadhiyala, Gujarat, India. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). iv, 43p. (Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report 20)
Watershed management ; Research methods ; Water harvesting ; Wells ; Groundwater recharge ; Crops ; Diversification ; Villages / India / Gujarat / Rajasamadhiyala / Aniyala Watershed / Kasturba Dham
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G635 SRE Record No: H038892)
Detailed case study of Rajsamadhiyala watershed in the semi-arid tropical area of Gujarat in India revealed that rainwater harvesting through watershed management doubled the productivity of groundnut and other major crops, increased cropping intensity by 32% in eight years. With improved groundwater availability diversification with high-value crops like cumin, vegetables and fruits was observed. Food, fodder, fuel sufficiency substantially improved along with the increased incomes, literacy and social development. Substantial investment of 16.25 million rupees (US$ 0.36 million) in rainwater harvesting in one village created storage capacity to harvest 16% of mean annual rainfall of 503 mm which is equivalent to 100% of potential runoff during a normal year. Considering percolation seepage and evaporation losses 40% of annual mean rainfall could be harvested and stored. However, because of geological formation in the Deccan plateau where soils are formed over a layer of weathered trap laid on hard rock during normal rainfall years, these structures overflow 2–3 times in the rainy season. Downstream villages Aniyala and Katurba Dham benefited in terms of increased groundwater availability, reduced siltation and flooding through the base flow seepage water and excess runoff. Detailed studies in two downstream villages showed increased productivity, however, by 25–30%, improved groundwater availability by 25%, and reduced distressed migration. Dedicated leadership helped the villagers to chalkout the path to prosperity. Vast potential to increase productivity by 80–90% remains to be harnessed through adoption of increased water use efficiency measures, as most benefits are due to increased water availability only. However, looking at the trends of over-exploitation of groundwater by doubling the number of borewells and pumping hours call for urgent steps to develop suitable social/legal mechanisms for sustsainable use of water resources through integrated water resource management. Improved water availability through public investment triggered private/individual investment in agriculture in rainfed areas further hastening the process of development.
2 Pathak, P.; Wani, S. P.; Sudi, R.; Chourasia, A. K.; Singh, S. N.; Kesava Rao, A. V. R. 2007. Rural prosperity through integrated watershed management: a case study of Gokulpura-Goverdhanpura in Eastern Rajasthan. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) 45p. (Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report 36)
Watershed management ; Agroclimatic zones ; Water harvesting ; Water storage ; Groundwater recharge ; Wells ; Water lifting ; Irrigated farming ; Tanks ; Poverty ; Indicators ; Public health ; Income distribution ; Livestock / India / Rajasthan / Gokulpura-Goverdhanpura Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G635 PAT Record No: H041332)
The agriculture in eastern Rajasthan is characterized by high risks from drought, degraded natural resources and pervasive poverty. At Gokulpura-Goverdhanpura village in Bundi ajasthan, ICRISAT along with partners implemented integrated watershed project using holistic systems approach with integrated genetic and natural resource management (IGNRM) strategy. This report discusses the multi-faceted impact of this watershed program. It has been found that the science-led participatory watershed program at Gokulpura-Goverdhanpura had made positive impacts on natural resources, rural livelihoods and environment. The major impact of watershed interventions was seen in improving the surface and groundwater availability. Increased water availability resulted in increased cropping intensity and diversifi cation to more remunerative land use systems involving livestock, horticultural and vegetable production. Overall, the watershed program has reduced land degradation, enhanced agricultural productivity and incomes, decreased poverty of rural poor, reduced labor migration and improved environment quality.
3 Sreedevi, T. K.; Wani, S. P.; Sudi, R.; Deshmukh, H. K.; Singh, S. N.; D'Souza, M. 2008. Impact of watershed development in low rainfall region of Maharashtra: a case study of Shekta Watershed. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). 42p. (Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report 49)
Watersheds ; Development projects ; Groundwater recharge ; Wells ; Irrigated farming ; Crops ; Diversification ; Poverty ; Income distribution ; Fodder ; Livestock ; Labor ; Wages ; Women / India / Maharashtra / Shekta Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G635 SRE Record No: H034793)
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