Your search found 7 records
1 Swe, K. L.; Nyunt, H. 2003. Windbreak effect on soil and water conservation, and growth and yield of green gram in semi-arid tropics, Myanmar. In Proceedings of the Third Agricultural Research Conference, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Pyinmana, Myanmar, 5-6 June 2003. pp.33-41.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 7210 Record No: H036491)
2 Chongpraditnun, P.; Oda, M.; Nakamura, K. 2006. Elucidation of water and nutrient dynamics under water-saving cultivation. In Ito, O.; Caldwell, J. S.; Oda, M.; Yamamoto, Y.; Hamada, H.; Nishida, T. (Eds.). Increasing economic options in rainfed agriculture in Indochina through efficient use of water resources. Tsukuba, Japan: JIRCAS. pp.63-71.
Water conservation ; Soil moisture ; Crop production ; Paddy fields ; Rice ; Sunflowers ; Groundnuts ; Vegetables ; Mung beans / Thailand / Khon Kaen Province
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 630 G800 ITO Record No: H039171)
3 Dayal, Bharat; Sharma, Bharat R.; Bhatt, Sanjeev; Westgaard, Snorre. 2007. Lessons learnt from the practical experience of scaling up the water related technologies at the community level. Project report of the IWMI Challenge Program on Water and Food, CPWF Small Grants Program – Selecting and Scaling Up Water –Efficient Farming and Groundwater Recharge Systems among 3,000 Small Scale Farmers in Rajasthan, India (SG 508). Output 2. 18p.
Agricultural research ; Farmer participation ; Farming systems ; Groundwater ; Recharge ; Ponds ; Water harvesting ; Crop production ; Cotton ; Mung beans ; Case studies / India / Rajasthan / Alwar District / Behror Tehsil
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.1 G635 DAY Record No: H040575)
(726.05 KB)
4 Amarasingha, R. P. R. K.; Suriyagoda, L. D. B.; Marambe, B.; Rathnayake, W. M. U. K.; Gaydon, D. S.; Galagedara, L. W.; Punyawardena, R.; Silva, G. L. L. P.; Nidumolu, U.; Howden, M. 2017. Improving water productivity in moisture-limited rice-based cropping systems through incorporation of maize and mungbean: a modelling approach. Agricultural Water Management, 189:111-122. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.05.002]
Water productivity ; Cropping systems ; Intercropping ; Rice ; Maize ; Mung beans ; Water requirements ; Irrigation water ; Supplemental irrigation ; Simulation models ; Performance evaluation ; Crop yield ; Soil moisture ; Risk assessment ; Agroclimatic zones / Sri Lanka / Aralaganwila / Bathalagoda / Bombuwela / Maha-Illuppallama / Maradankalla / Vanathawilluwa / Weerawila
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048189)
(1.01 MB)
Crop and water productivities of rice-based cropping systems and cropping patterns in the irrigated lowlands of Sri Lanka have not been researched to the degree warranted given their significance as critical food sources. In order to reduce this knowledge gap, we simulated the water requirement for rice, maize, and mungbean under rice-based cropping systems in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. We evaluated the best combinations of crops for minimum water usage while reaching higher crop and water productivities. We also assessed the risk of cultivating mungbean as the third season/sandwich crop (i.e. rice-mungbean-rice) in different regions in Sri Lanka. In the simulation modelling exercise, APSIM-Oryza (rice), APSIM-maize and APSIM-mungbean modules were parameterised and validated for varieties grown widely in Sri Lanka. Moreover, crop productivities and supplementary irrigation requirement were tested under two management scenarios i.e. Scenario 1: irrigate when plant available water content in soil fell below 25% of maximum, and Scenario 2: irrigate at 7-day intervals (current farmer practice). The parameterised, calibrated and validated model estimated the irrigation water requirement (number of pairs of observations (n) = 14, R2 > 0.9, RMSE = 66 mm season-1 ha-1), and grain yield of maize (n = 37, R2 > 0.95, RMSE = 353 kg ha-1) and mungbean (n = 26, R2 > 0.98, RMSE = 75 kg ha-1) with a strong fit in comparison with observed data, across years, cultivating seasons, regions, management conditions and varieties. Simulated water requirement during the cropping season reduced in the order of rice (1180–1520 mm) > maize and mungbean intercrop = maize sole crop (637–672 mm) > mungbean sole crop (345 mm). The water productivity of the system (crop yield per unit water) could be increased by over 65% when maize or mungbean extent was increased. The most efficient crop combinations to maximise net return were diversification of the land extent as (i) 50% to rice and 50% to mungbean sole crops, or (ii) 25%, 25% and 50% to rice, maize and mungbean sole crops, respectively. Under situations where water availability is inadequate for rice, land extent could be cultivated to 50% maize and 50% mungbean as sole crops to ensure the maximum net return per unit irrigation water (115 Sri Lankan Rupees ha-1 mm-1). Regions with high rainfall during the preceding rice cultivating season are expected to have minimum risk when incorporating a third season mungbean crop. Moisture loss through evapotranspiration from the third season mungbean crop was similar to that of a fallowed site with weeds.
5 Janz, B.; Weller, S.; Kraus, D.; Racela, H. S.; Wassmann, R.; Butterbach-Bahl, K.; Kiese, R. 2019. Greenhouse gas footprint of diversifying rice cropping systems: impacts of water regime and organic amendments. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 270-271:41-54. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.10.011]
Greenhouse gas emissions ; Cropping systems ; Irrigation water ; Organic amendments ; Rice straw ; Agronomic practices ; Crop rotation ; Diversification ; Mung beans ; Maize ; Catch crops ; Methane emission ; Nitrous oxide ; Climatic change ; Green manures ; Residues / Philippines
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049124)
(3.06 MB)
Increasing water scarcity and Asia’s rapid economic and social development, specifically the growing demand for animal products and biofuels, is forcing farmers to transform their traditional lowland double-rice cropping systems [R-R] to mixed lowland-upland systems where upland crops such as aerobic rice [R-A] or maize [R-M] are grown instead of paddy rice during the dry period. Such changes have implications on the C and N cycling in the soil-plant system, including major shifts in soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from CH4 to N2O once paddies are used for upland cropping. Moreover, soil organic carbon stocks are decreasing, thereby jeopardizing soil fertility. In this study, we investigated if straw residue incorporation and/or catch crop cultivation impairs the greenhouse gas footprint of diversifying rice cropping systems and thus, presents an alternative to open-field straw burning and intensive mineral N fertilization. For this, we calculate annual global warming potentials (GWP) and yield-scaled GWPs of three different rice systems (R-R: rice-rice, R-A: rice- aerobic rice, R-M: rice maize) without (control) or with additions of straw (+6 Mg ha-1 [S]) or + straw + mungbean as catch crop ([M + S]) on the basis of high-temporal-resolution GHG emissions (CH4 and N2O), and measurements of yield parameters. The field trial was carried out at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines, covering two full years. Although dry season N2O emissions increased twice- to threefold in the diversified systems (R-A, R-M), the strong reduction of CH4 emissions during this period resulted in significantly lower annual yield-scaled GWP as compared to the traditional R-R system. The same pattern was observed after application and incorporation of organic material (straw and mungbean), but led to higher substrate availability for methanogens during the following season. Therefore, the GWP was 9–39% higher in treatments including straw incorporation as compared to a control treatment without organic substrate amendments. Additional incorporation of mungbeans further increased GWPs, whereby the increment was highest in R-R rotation (88%) and lowest in R-M rotation (55%), with annual GHG emissions of 11.8 and 5.6 Mg CO2-eq ha-1, respectively. Our study shows that the yield-scaled GWP, as well as irrigation water demand, is lowest for rice-maize (R-M) cropping systems, followed by R-A and R-R systems. This ranking persists even with the incorporation of crop residues, a requirement for farmers as the ban of open-field burning is increasingly enforced. Our work also calls for a refinement of IPCC emission factors for lowland-upland rotations and the inclusion of the land-preparation period within the GHG balance of rice cropping systems.
6 Patra, S.; Parihar, C. M.; Mahala, D. M.; Singh, D.; Nayak, H. S.; Patra, K.; Reddy, K. S.; Pradhan, S.; Sena, Dipaka Ranjan. 2023. Influence of long-term tillage and diversified cropping systems on hydro-physical properties in a sandy loam soil of North-western India. Soil and Tillage Research, 229:105655. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2023.105655]
Cropping systems ; Diversification ; Tillage ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Soil physical properties ; Sandy loam soils ; Soil aggregates ; Soil organic carbon ; Conservation agriculture ; Maize ; Wheat ; Mung beans ; Chickpeas ; Mustard ; Sesbania / India / New Delhi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051761)
(2.53 MB)
A study was conducted to determine the combined effects of three tillage practices and four maize (Zea mays L.)- based cropping systems on physical, saturated, and near-saturated hydraulic properties in a sandy loam soil of North-Western India. Split-plot experimental design was adopted with tillage [conventional tillage (CT), zero tillage (ZT), and permanent raised bed (PB)] as the main plot treatments and intensified crop rotations [Maize (Zea mays L.)-Wheat (Triticum aestivum)-Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) (MWGg), Maize-Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)-Sesbania (Sesbania aculeata) (MCpSb), Maize-Mustard (Brassica juncea) -Greengram (MMuGg) and MaizeMaize-Sesbania (MMSb)] as subplot treatments. The saturated and near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity were derived from steady-state infiltration rates measured using a hood infiltrometer on the surface soil at 0, - 1, and - 3 cm pressure heads. The long-term (10 years) study revealed that the bulk density (BD) of the soil under conservation agriculture (CA) practices (PB and ZT) was significantly (P = 0.05) lower than that in CT practices. The soil BD in the MCpSb cropping system was measured to be the lowest (1.24 g cm- 3 ) among all the cropping systems. The soil aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) under PB and ZT was determined to be 31% and 27% higher than in the CT treatments. In tillage × cropping systems interactions, the highest MWD was observed in the PB×MWGg. The saturated and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity (K(h)) were estimated to have higher values in CA practices (PB and ZT) than in the CT treatments. In the case of cropping systems, the soil’s mean field saturated hydraulic conductivity was estimated to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher under the MWGg, MCpSb, and MMuGg than the MMSb. The present study indicates that conservation agriculture-based crop management with diversified maize-based rotation (MCpSb, MWGg, and MMuGg) could be promising alternatives to conventional tillage practices (CT). Among the cropping system choices, MWGg was more effective in improving the soil’s hydro-physical properties in the study area.
7 Naik, B. M.; Singh, A. K.; Roy, H.; Maji, S. 2022. Assessing the adoption of climate resilient agricultural technologies by the farmers of Telangana State. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 59(1):81-85. [doi: https://doi.org/10.48165/IJEE.2023.59117]
Climate change ; Agricultural technology ; Farmers ; Climate resilience ; Moisture conservation ; Crop production ; Chillies ; Pigeon peas ; Urd beans ; Mung beans / India / Telangana State / Khammam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051942)
https://acspublisher.com/journals/index.php/ijee/article/view/3874/3581
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051942.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051942.pdf
(0.07 MB) (76.0 KB)
In agriculture sector, the effect of climate change seems to have become inevitable during the last few decades. Hence, the technologies for climate-resilient agriculture (CRA) are probably the best adaptation solutions currently available to improve the resilience of agriculture. The study to access the extent of adoption of CRA technologies by the farmers in the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) project implemented villages of Suryapet and Khammam districts in Telangana state was conducted during 2021-22. Total 200 farmers from these two districts were selected randomly to evaluate the adoption status of recommended CRA technologies and its association with the respondents’ profile characteristics. The respondents had adopted CRA technologies at medium to high levels with the majority of beneficiaries adopting technologies like deep ploughing, in-situ moisture conservation technologies in cotton and red gram, crop diversification from paddy to jowar and vegetables as a contingent crop, improved variety of paddy Siddhi WGL-44 and improved backyard poultry breeds. The profile characteristics viz., education, annual income, land holding, individual and mass media exposure, economic motivation, risk-taking ability, and innovative proneness had a positive and significant association with the extent of adoption of CRA technologies.
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