Your search found 12 records
1 Jiang, X.; Huang, W.; Liu, C.; Huang, Q.. 2004. Water supply need analysis for the Lower Yellow River. Water International, 29(4):415-422.
Reservoir operation ; Water supply ; Rivers ; Water deficit ; Water availability ; Water demand ; Water shortage / China / Yellow River / Sanmenxia Reservoir / Xiaolangdi Reservoir
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H036708)
2 Chang, J.; Huang, Q.; Wang, Y. 2004. Water distribution control model in the Yellow River basin. Water International, 29(4):483-491.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H036716)
3 Wang, J.; Huang, J.; Blanke, A.; Huang, Q.; Rozelle, S. 2007. The development, challenges and management of groundwater in rural China. In Giordano, Mark; Villholth, Karen G. (Eds.). The agricultural groundwater revolution: opportunities and threats to development. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.37-62. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 3)
Groundwater management ; Groundwater development ; Tube wells ; Water pollution ; Soil salinity ; Water market ; Water conservation / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.6.3 G000 GIO Record No: H040041)
4 Lohmar, B.; Huang, Q.; Lei, B.; Gao, Z. 2007. Water pricing policies and recent reforms in China: the conflict between conservation and other policy goals. In Molle, Francois; Berkoff, J. (Eds.). Irrigation water pricing: the gap between theory and practice. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.277-294. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 4)
Water conservation ; Water scarcity ; Water costs ; Cost recovery ; Water rates ; Pricing ; Price policy ; Water user associations ; Irrigation canals ; Groundwater / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.4 G000 MOL Record No: H040610)
5 Zhang, L.; Wang, J.; Huang, J.; Rozelle, S.; Huang, Q.. 2009. Groundwater markets in the North China Plain: impact on irrigation water use, crop yields and farmer income. In Mukherji, Aditi; Villholth, K. G.; Sharma, Bharat R.; Wang, J. (Eds.) Groundwater governance in the Indo-Gangetic and Yellow River basins: realities and challenges. London, UK: CRC Press. pp.293-308. (IAH Selected Papers on Hydrogeology 15)
Water market ; Groundwater irrigation ; Tube wells ; Water use ; Models ; Crop yield ; Farm income ; Households ; Villages / China / North China Plain
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.6.3 G570 MUK Record No: H042236)
6 Liao, Yongsong; Gao, Z.; Bao, Z.; Huang, Q.; Feng, G.; Xu, D.; Cai, J.; Han, H.; Wu, W. 2008. China’s water pricing reforms for irrigation: effectiveness and impact. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Comprehensive Assessment Secretariat. 74p. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Discussion Paper 6)
Water rates ; Pricing ; Price policy ; Cost recovery ; Farmers attitudes ; Water rights ; Water market ; Water supply ; User charges ; Irrigation water ; Water allocation ; Irrigation management ; Participatory management ; Water conservation ; Institutions ; Organizations ; Water user associations ; Cereals ; Yields ; Models ; Labor ; Cost benefit analysis ; Irrigation requirements ; Investment ; Groundwater management ; Wells ; Irrigation canals ; Food security ; Legal aspects / China
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042366)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/files_new/publications/Discussion%20Paper/CADiscussionPaper6.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042366.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042366.pdf
(0.50 MB) (942.92KB)
Irrigation occupies a central position in China’s crop production. However, due to low per capita water resources, much worse, unevenly distributed over regions and time and the rapid increase of water diversions to non-irrigation sectors, irrigation water shortages have become a very serious problem. Without the adoption of effective measures this problem may even threaten China’s food security. Currently, irrigation efficiency is very low in general, irrigation water prices cannot fully recover water supply costs, and irrigation facilities are aging due to the lack of funding for O&M (operation & maintenance). Since water prices are regulated by the government, and not determined by the market, water prices did not work effectively in water allocation. The adoption of more economic incentive measures, such as increasing water prices, has become the main strategy of the Chinese government. Since 1 January 2004, China has carried out a new water pricing regulation. The main objectives of this regulation are that water price should be increased to fully recover water supply cost and that water should be treated as a market good. In non-irrigation sectors, the consensus is that water price could be charged to fully recover water supply cost. However, there is still controversy over the charge of irrigation water pricing. Indeed, increasing water price to fully recover supply cost may seriously affect grain production, and farmers’ income. Past studies in China on these issues mainly focused on the theoretical aspects of the problem, analyzing whether irrigation water price should be increased or not. Little studies have quantified the potential impact of the reforms in China. The following questions need to be elaborated: Are irrigation water pricing reforms effective?; What are the attitudes of the farmers towards the reforms?; How do farmers respond to water pricing reforms?; What comprehensive methods should be adopted to achieve the goals of the reforms? This project is based on the analysis of three case studies (Wudu, Jinghuiqu, and Shijin irrigation districts). Jinghuiqu is located in an arid region, Shijin is located in a semi-arid region and Wudu is located in the more humid Southwest. All the issues mentioned above, have been studied using econometric methods on the basis of the data gathered at the household, field canal, pump, and village level. The study reveals that the farmers’ ability to pay for irrigation water is still low and that the current water prices reflect the farmers’ willingness to pay, which implies that it is in fact very difficult to increase water prices further, let alone fully recover water supply cost. Farmers do not really participate in the irrigation management process, even at the field canal level, which limits the farmers’ willingness to pay. In areas confronted with severe water shortages, such as in the Jinghuiqu and Shijin irrigation districts, it is estimated that the volume of water use significantly affects wheat and maize yields, and the reduction of field water use will lead to the decline of grain production. In such cases, although increasing irrigation water price will encourage farmers to reduce water use, it may also force them to decrease their grain production. These measures affect the farmers’ revenues, which are largely dependent on crop production, thus increasing social inequities. Other policies need to protect weaker groups, such as poor farmers and farmers whose income mainly depends on crops. For instance, water property has still not been initialized and both irrigation bureaus and farmers lack incentives to adopt water-saving technologies. Initiating water property, expanding low-cost water-saving technologies, reforming irrigation management and fostering a water market are all important measures to achieve the policy goals of water-saving. At this point, it is necessary to emphasize that surface water price reforms may deeply affect groundwater resources use, especially in the conjunctive irrigation areas. Without the enhancement of groundwater resources management, saving surface water may lead to more overexploitation of groundwater resources, such was the case in the Jinghuiqu and Shijin irrigation districts. All in all, irrigation water price reforms represent a revolution when compared with traditional irrigation water resource management in China. Comprehensive and integrated policies should be carried out. China being such a large country, reforms cannot be uniform in all areas. Different areas, with different precipitation levels, should adopt different measures. In most parts of South China, volumetric water pricing is not appropriate, since this method requires large infrastructure investments. Collecting water fees on the basis of the farmers’ irrigated area is an alternative policy, although it requires involving farmers in the irrigation management process. Even in the northern regions, the standards of irrigation infrastructure should not be overemphasized and more attention should be paid to the cost-benefits analysis of irrigation investments.
7 Xue, J.; Huo, Z.; Huang, Q.; Wang, F.; Boll, J.; Huang, G.; Qu, Z. 2019. Assessing sustainability of agricultural water saving in an arid area with shallow groundwater. Irrigation and Drainage, 68(2):205-217. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2295]
Water conservation ; Agricultural practices ; Sustainability ; Irrigation water ; Evaluation ; Water use efficiency ; Water balance ; Models ; Water productivity ; Soil salinity ; Environmental effects ; Economic aspects ; Social aspects ; Drainage systems ; Arid zones ; Case studies / China / Jiefangzha Irrigation District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049343)
(2.39 MB)
Agricultural water-saving practices are important in order to cope with the increasing shortage of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas. With water use efficiency and productivity being improved, however, more intense regional agricultural water-saving practices may induce the reduction of vegetation coverage and also groundwater decline. We assess the sustainability of regional agricultural water-saving practices in an arid area based on the analytic hierarchy process (APH). By calculating water use efficiency, economic benefit, social benefit and eco-environmental effect, the sustainability of regional agricultural water savings can be comprehensively evaluated and classified using different sustainability evaluation scoring standards. As a case study, the method was used in the Jiefangzha irrigation district (JFID), and the sustainability of agricultural water saving was assessed from 1990 to 2009. The results indicate that economic benefit and social water-saving awareness have increased dramatically since 1998. Water use efficiency and productivity have increased continuously, while the declining groundwater has had negative effects on vegetation coverage. Since 1998, the sustainability state shows an increasing trend with its all values above the alert line (0.4), and most of the sustainability values above the good line (0.6), which reveals a good condition of the sustainability of agricultural water savings in the JFID
8 Huang, Q.; Yin, D.; He, C.; Yan, J.; Liu, Z.; Meng. S.; Ren, Q.; Zhao, R.; Inostroza, L. 2020. Linking ecosystem services and subjective well-being in rapidly urbanizing watersheds: insights from a multilevel linear model. Ecosystem Services, 43:101106. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101106]
Ecosystem services ; Assessment ; Watersheds ; Socioeconomic environment ; Urbanization ; Rural communities ; Sustainability ; Regional planning ; Hygroscopicity ; Carbon sequestration ; Ecological factors ; Linear models / China / Hebei / Baiyangdian Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049673)
(0.84 MB)
In rapidly urbanizing watersheds with conflicts between socioeconomic development and ecological protection, understanding the relationship between ecosystem services (ESs) and human well-being is important for regional sustainability. However, quantifying their relationship over multiple scales remains challenging. We selected a typical rapidly urbanizing watershed, the Baiyangdian watershed in China, and used surveys and a multilevel linear model to analyze the influence of regional ESs and individual characteristics on subjective well-being (SWB). Our results showed that the multilevel linear model could effectively capture the influences of regional ESs on the residents’ SWB. For the watershed, 95.9% of the total variance in the residents’ SWB was attributed to variation between individuals, and the remaining 4.1% was attributed to variation between regions. The SWB of rural residents was more likely to be affected by regional ESs than urban residents. In the Baiyangdian watershed, which has a water supply shortage, the SWB of low-income and elderly residents in the rural areas was more sensitive to water retention services, and the association was significant. The results suggest that in rapidly urbanizing watersheds, government should pay attention to maintaining and improving key regulating services to effectively maintain and promote the SWB of rural residents and regional sustainability.
9 Xiong, L.; Xu, X.; Engel, B.; Xiong, Y.; Huang, Q.; Huang, G. 2021. Predicting agroecosystem responses to identify appropriate water-saving management in arid irrigated regions with shallow groundwater: realization on a regional scale. Agricultural Water Management, 247:106713. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106713]
Water conservation ; Water management ; Agroecosystems ; Forecasting ; Arid zones ; Groundwater ; Watersheds ; Irrigation water ; Irrigated sites ; Farmland ; Crop yield ; Vegetation ; Soil salinity ; Soil water ; Hydrology / China / Yellow River Basin / Jiyuan Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050201)
(10.00 MB)
Scenario analysis is the basis of developing rational water management practices (WMPs) for watersheds. How to predict future hydrological responses on a regional-scale is still a challenge for modeling work in irrigated watersheds with shallow groundwater environments. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient realization of predicting regional agroecosystem responses and searching for appropriate WMPs, through using a water balance-based, semi-distributed hydrological model (SWAT-AG). The scenario case study is carried out in the Jiyuan Irrigation System located in the Hetao of upper Yellow River basin, based on the calibrated and validated modeling work in our previous companion paper. Eight scenarios of water-saving practices (WSPs) are proposed, with consideration for reducing irrigation depth and controlling initial groundwater depth. Then the coupled responses of agroecosystem processes to various WSPs are predicted for the case study region in 2012 and 2013, mainly related to the groundwater depth, root zone soil water and salinity, and crop yield/natural vegetation biomass. Based on the analysis for proposed scenarios, the 100% of present irrigation depth combined with increasing initial GWD by 50 cm are recommended as appropriate WSPs for dry years, and the 80% of present irrigation depth combined with increasing initial GWD by 100 cm are recommended for wet years, in order to maintain good environmental conditions for both crops and natural vegetation. In addition, results show that SWAT-AG could overcome the scale/function limitations of traditional soil/crop models and also avoid computational issues of numerical models. We further point out that the scenarios in reality will be more complicated and comprehensive in time and space, and thus the predictions should be updated accordingly. Overall, this case study fully presents the feasibility and practicality of using the SWAT-AG model to realize the scenario response analysis and water management decision-making on a region scale for irrigated watersheds with shallow groundwater environments.
10 Shi, W.; Huang, S.; Liu, D.; Huang, Q.; Han, Z.; Leng, G.; Wang, H.; Liang, H.; Li, P.; Wei, X. 2021. Drought-flood abrupt alternation dynamics and their potential driving forces in a changing environment. Journal of Hydrology, 597:126179. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126179]
Drought ; Flooding ; Climate change ; Precipitation ; Meteorological factors ; Water vapour ; River basins ; Spatial distribution ; Time series analysis / China / Wei River Basin / Jing River Basin / Beiluo River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050405)
(8.36 MB)
Compared with a single drought or flood, drought-flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) may have more adverse impact on water resources management, crop production, and food security. However, existing studies have paid seldom attention on the evolution characteristics of DFAA in northern China, and their driving factors have not yet been fully revealed. To this end, DFAA events such as drought to flood (DTF) and flood to drought (FTD) are examined from 1960 to 2010 in the Wei River basin (WRB) located in northern China, which is the largest tributary of the Yellow River Basin. Firstly, the long-cycle drought-flood abrupt transition index (LDFAI) is defined to identify DFAA events during the flood season of WRB. Secondly, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and future trend variability of DFAA events are explored based on LDFAI. Finally, the driving factors of DFAA events are comprehensively evaluated using qualitative and quantitative combination framework. Results indicate that (1) the frequency of DTF events in the WRB presents a “less-more-less” variation pattern from southwest to northeast and shows a significant spatial difference. However, the FDT events are vice versa; (2) the flood season is dominated by FTD events in the WRB, and the upstream of the WRB and Jing River basin (JRB) are dominated by the DTF events before mutation point; (3) the four sub-regions of the WRB show oscillation changes of “DTF-FDT” with 35-year period, and are prone to DTF events after 2010 years; and (4) average water vapor pressure is the dominant factor of DFAA events in the WRB compared with other meteorological factors, whereas Arctic Oscillation among multiple teleconnection factors exerts strong impacts on DFAA dynamics. The findings may be significant to the early warning and prevention of flood and drought disasters in the WRB under the challenge of future climate change.
11 Han, Z.; Huang, S.; Huang, Q.; Leng, G.; Liu. Y.; Bai, Q.; He, P.; Liang, H.; Shi, W. 2021. GRACE-based high-resolution propagation threshold from meteorological to groundwater drought. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 307:108476. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108476]
Groundwater ; Drought ; Meteorological factors ; River basins ; Water storage ; Precipitation ; Vegetation ; Soil moisture ; Satellites ; Observation ; Models / China / Xijiang River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050424)
(11.50 MB)
Groundwater drought could cause tremendous damage to the social-economy via land subsidence, seawater intrusion and permanent loss of aquifer storage capacity, and often show strong association with meteorological drought. To date, the threshold for meteorological drought triggering groundwater drought and its dominant factors have been not clarified, which inhibits the effective groundwater drought risk management based on preceding meteorological drought information. In this study, we used the Standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the drought severity index of groundwater storage anomalies (GWSA-DSI) to characterize meteorological and groundwater droughts in the Xijiang River Basin (XRB) of China, respectively. A probabilistic framework is proposed to identify the high-resolution propagation thresholds from meteorological to groundwater drought on 0.25° grid. Results show that GWSA-DSI can reliably identify groundwater drought events, and the propagation time from meteorological to groundwater drought ranges from 8 to 42 months. Although the XRB is located in a humid region with abundant precipitation, the probability of groundwater drought occurrence reached 43.8%, 54.8%, 61.2%, and 64.2% under a light, moderate, severe and extreme meteorological drought event, respectively. The propagation threshold triggering light groundwater drought is mainly dominated by moderate and severe meteorological droughts, which showed an increasing trend from central to southeast of XRB. Soil evaporation and watershed elevation are the main influencing factors on the propagation threshold. It is worth noting that anthropogenic overexploitation of groundwater not only destroy the dynamic balance of regional groundwater system, but also interfere with the propagation processes of meteorological to groundwater drought. The results have great implications for more reliably monitoring and predicting the dynamics of groundwater systems under drought stress, and our proposed framework can also be extended to other regions.
12 Zhang, Y.; Yue, W.; Su, M.; Teng, Y.; Huang, Q.; Lu, W.; Rong, Q.; Xu, C. 2023. Assessment of urban flood resilience based on a systematic framework. Ecological Indicators, 150:110230. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110230]
Assessment ; Floods ; Resilience ; Urbanization ; Precipitation ; Infiltration rate ; Rain ; Towns ; Drainage ; Land use / China / Dongguan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051873)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X23003722/pdfft?md5=883918bd475eb9aabbc9c3e3ee59578b&pid=1-s2.0-S1470160X23003722-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051873.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051873.pdf
(10.10 MB) (10.1 MB)
Urban flooding can seriously threaten urban ecological security and human life, and therefore urban flood resilience (UFR) is important for urban safety and stability. To comprehensively evaluate urban system performance during the entire process of rainfall, runoff, flooding, and drainage, we developed a systematic framework for UFR assessment covering runoff simulation, flood estimation, and resilience assessment, which broadly corresponded to the phases of resistance, adaptation, and recovery. The UFR in the phases of resistance, adaptation, and recovery was simulated and assessed using a system performance curve (SPC) and technically combining with the hybrid flood model while mainly considering the total simulation time and inundated urban proportion in SPC. Because the extent of urban flooding can be influenced by climate change and the rate of urbanization, we chose the corresponding representative factors of precipitation and infiltration rate and considered 21 simulation scenarios (seven rainfall return periods and three infiltration rates) for which UFR was quantified according to urban system performance. The effectiveness of this framework was demonstrated in application to a typical highly urbanized area (i.e., Dongguan, China). The following results were derived: (1) The inundated area under the pessimistic scenario (i.e., S19) would be nearly four times greater than that under the optimistic scenario (i.e., S3); (2) The values of UFR in Dongguan were 0.9494–0.9863, locating at the high and very high level; (3) The lowest UFR value was 0.6552 in the Shuixiang New City district; and (4) The rainfall return period was the main factor influencing UFR under relatively short rainfall return periods (i.e., S1–S9), while infiltration rate was the principal influencing factor under relatively long rainfall return periods (i.e., S10–S21). The proposed systematic framework could be applied in other cities and large-scale regions like urban agglomerations and provinces.
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