Your search found 6 records
1 Munir, Asarfraz; Khan, Abdul Hakeem; Turral, Hugh. 2006. Assessment of the environmental risks associated with higher irrigation water supplies and finding out management options. In International Symposium on Agriculture in the 21st Century, Issues and Strategies. Agriculture University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 14-15 March 2006. 8p.
Irrigated farming ; Environmental effects ; Irrigation canals ; Water table ; Monitoring ; Wells ; Groundwater / Pakistan / Upper Swat Canal / Pehur High Level Canal / Maira Branch Canal
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G730 MUN Record No: H039809)
2 Khan, Abdul Hakeem; Munir, Sarfraz; Ahmad, Waqas; Turral, Hugh. 2006. Introducing modern environment friendly technology for water management in customary environment of Pakistan. In International Symposium on Agriculture in the 21st Century, Issues and Strategies. Agriculture University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 14-15 March 2006. 9p.
Irrigation systems ; Irrigation operation ; Crop based irrigation ; Maize ; Tobacco ; Irrigation canals ; Irrigation scheduling ; Capacity building / Pakistan / Indus River / Tarbela Reservoir / Pehur High Level Canal / Upper Swat Canal / Maira Branch Canal
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.1 G730 KHA Record No: H039811)
3 Munir, Sarfraz; Schultz, B.; Khan, Abdul Hakeem; Suryadi, F. X.; Gichuki, Francis. 2007. Hydrodynamic behavior of a canal network under simultaneous supply and demand based operations. Paper presented at the USCID Fourth International Conference on Irrigation and Drainage held in Sacramento, California, USA, 3-6 October, 2007. 17p.
Irrigation canals ; Flow control ; Canal regulation techniques ; Crop based irrigation ; Water requirements ; Irrigation scheduling ; Simulation models / Pakistan / Machai Branch Canal / Pehure High Level Canal / Maira Branch Canal / North West Frontier Province / Swat River / Indus River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.1 G730 MUN Record No: H040871)
The irrigation network of this study consists of three branch canals (the Machai Branch Canal, the Pehure High Level Canal (PHLC) and the Maira Branch Canal) connected to each other in such a way that the Machai Branch and the PHLC feed the Maira Branch Canal for providing a reliable irrigation service. The Machai Branch Canal has limited and erratic discharges and can not fulfill the peak water requirements of the Maira Branch Canal and therefore any deficiency in the supplies to the Maira Branch Canal is automatically compensated by the PHLC. PHLC is an automatic canal and has been equipped with Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) discharge controllers at its head whereas the Machai Branch Canal has fixed supply based operations. The Maira Branch Canal is also an automatically downstream controlled irrigation canal, which is operated according to crop water requirements using Crop Based Irrigation Operations (CBIO) model. Under this scheme of operations the flows remain changing most of the time following the crop water requirements curve. The frequent changes in discharges keep the canal in unsteady state conditions, which affect the functioning of automatic discharge and water level regulation structures. Efficient system operation is a prerequisite for getting better water productivity and the precise understanding of the behavior of the structures and canal’s hydrodynamics against such changes is a key for getting effective system operations. In this paper the canal’s hydrodynamic behavior and the automatic structures’ functioning have been assessed and suggestions have been provided to fine tune the automatic discharge controllers in order to avoid the oscillatory and abrupt hydrodynamic behavior in the canal. The guidelines have been provided for the operation of the secondary system for achieving smooth and sustainable operations of the canals. In addition to this the effects of any discharge variation in the Machai Branch Canal on the automatic discharge controller’s behavior also has been assessed.
4 Hennadige, T. A. 2006. Calibration of Maira Canal in USC-PHLC irrigation system, Pakistan. MSc thesis. Delft, Netherlands: UNESCO-IHE. 144p. (approx). (UNESCO-IHE MSc Thesis WSE-HY-06.09)
Irrigation canals ; Irrigation systems ; History ; Simulation models ; Water availability ; Water allocation ; Water distribution ; Irrigation scheduling / Pakistan / Maira Canal / Upper Swat Canal / Pehur High Level Canal / Machai Branch Canal / Maira Branch Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G730 HEN Record No: H043895)
(0.13 MB)
The Upper Swat Canal Pehur High Level Canal irrigation system in North Western Province,Pakistan is a combination of upstream and downstream control branch canals, Machai, PHLC andMaira. It draws water from both Swat River and Indus River. Upstream control system consists ofeleven manually operated vertical gates and the downstream control system is fully automated andconsists of thirteen AVIS / AVIO cross regulatory gates and PID control and SCADA system.The irrigation practice in the project area is a combination of Full Supply System and Warabandi.Crop Based Irrigation Operation (CBIO) is applied for optimizing the usage of water and alsominimizing the water logging problem in that area.This water demand and related supply varies during the growing seasons and as such it is timedependant, it requires an unsteady or quasi steady modelling approach. This study is mainlyaimed to calibrate the canal flows and levels and to check the performance of the automateddownstream control system with respect to meeting the CBIO based target supply.The mathematical model for Simulation of Irrigation Canals (SIC) is used to simulate thehydraulic behaviour of the canal system under steady and unsteady flow conditions. Simulationresults reveal that all three branches, Machai, Maira and PHLC of this system posse their desiredcapacities under design conditions. However, the calibrated Maira Branch cannot pass the designdischarge as the regulatory gates are partly closed due to the higher water levels caused by higherroughness value of the canal than the design.The unsteady simulations for the total system become unstable with the present version 4.22 ofSIC model because of super critical flow conditions. Only the Maira Branch is simulated underunsteady flow conditions for only flows less than the existing capacity of the canal.
5 Anwar, Arif A.; Ahmad, W.; Bhatti, Muhammad Tousif; Ul Haq, Z. 2016. The potential of precision surface irrigation in the Indus Basin Irrigation System. Irrigation Science, 34:(5)379-396. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-016-0509-5]
Irrigation systems ; Surface irrigation ; Irrigation canals ; Soil texture ; Infiltration ; Discharges ; Performance indexes ; Water rates ; Farmers ; Crop production ; Evapotranspiration / South Asia / Pakistan / Khyber Pakhtunkhwa / Indus Basin Irrigation System / Maira Branch Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047549)
(2.22 MB)
In this research we explore the potential of precision surface irrigation to improve irrigation performance under the warabandi system prevalent in the Indus Basin Irrigation System. Data on field dimensions, field slopes along with characteristic soil infiltration properties and outlet discharge were collected through a survey of a sample tertiary unit of Maira Branch Canal, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. The performance of all fields in the tertiary unit was analysed and reported in aggregate, with detailed results of one field presented for illustration. The objective is to determine the optimum field layout, defined as the number of border strips, for the observed field characteristics to maximize performance. The results indicate that performance improvement is relatively easily achievable through changes in field layout within current irrigation services. Estimated application efficiency is sensitive to the selected depth of application, and it is important that a practical depth of application is selected. We recommend a depth of application of 50 mm and show how this is achievable and leads to a low quarter distribution uniformity of 0.750 and an application efficiency of 80 %. We also explore the feasibility of a 10-day warabandi rather than the 7-day warabandi and show that there is no significant change in the performance under a 10-day warabandi.
6 Anwar, Arif A.; Haq, Z. U. 2016. Arranged-demand irrigation scheduling with nonidentical discharges. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 142(9):1-10. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001029]
Irrigation water ; Irrigation systems ; Irrigation canals ; Water supply ; Water demand ; Farmers ; Flow discharge ; Mathematical models ; Algorithms / Pakistan / Khyber Pukhtunkhwa Province / Maira Branch Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047678)
Several irrigation water delivery methods are in practice in irrigated agriculture throughout the world, and a variety of classifications have been suggested by different researchers. Demand, arranged-demand, and rotation are the three main types of irrigation schedules/delivery methods. Irrigation systems may also be classified as either sequential or simultaneous. Supplying water sequentially to farmers according to their requested times constitutes an irrigation scheduling problem analogous to the classical earliness/tardiness single machine scheduling problems in Operational Research (OR). In this paper, the authors describe an irrigation scheduling problem analogous to the complex multimachine scheduling problem. The authors develop a genetic algorithm (GA) and test this algorithm against solutions obtained from an integer program to draw conclusions about the solution quality of the GA. The researchers demonstrate the potential of this GA through an engineering application of the Maira Branch Canal. The authors show that if this canal is operated at a constant discharge, the arranged-demand schedule requires the canal to be operated at 75% of the discharge required if this canal were operated on an on-demand schedule.
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