Your search found 4 records
1 Hafeez, M.; Khan, S. 2006. Tracking fallow irrigation water losses using remote-sensing techniques: a case study from the Liuyuankou Irrigation System, China. In Willett, I. R.; Gao, Z. (Eds.) Agricultural water management in China: Proceedings of a workshop held in Beijing, China, 14 September 2005. Canberra, Australia: ACIAR. pp.67-75.
Irrigation systems ; Remote sensing ; Satellite surveys ; Models ; Evapotranspiration ; Estimation / China / Liuyuankou Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7 G592 WIL Record No: H039222)
2 Mushtaq, S.; Khan, S.; Dawe, D.; Hanjra, M. A.; Hafeez, M.; Asghar, M. N. 2008. Evaluating the impact of tax-for-fee reform (Fei Gai Shui) on water resources and agriculture production in the Zhanghe Irrigation System, China. Food Policy, 33(6):576-586. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.04.004]
Water resources ; Agricultural production ; Irrigation systems ; Costs ; Rural finance ; Taxes ; Crop production ; Ponds ; Water use ; Models ; Regression analysis / China / Zhanghe Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045626)
(0.54 MB)
This article questions the effectiveness and viability of rural Tax-for-Fee reform (Fei Gai Shui) on water resources and agriculture production, taking the Zhanghe Irrigation System of China as a case study example. The Fei Gai Shui reform has been heralded as a possible solution for reducing the excessive fiscal burden on peasants. While the reform may achieve in relieving peasant burdens significantly, the initial impact of Fei Gai Shui on water resources and agricultural production indicate least satisfactory trends. The policy shows significant impact on rice yield and area. It might also have profound impact on cropping pattern but it has yet to be seen. Dependence on local water resources such as ponds show significant increase after Fei Gai Shui as it discouraged farmers to rely on regional water sources. Although the lower regional water use under Fei Gai Shui reduced the water charges paid by farmers, the savings were mostly offset by increasing pumping costs in accessing water from local ponds. Without any adjustments, the Fei Gai Shui is likely to cause serious predicament in agricultural sector. It is visioned that local water resources such as water ponds will continue to play an important role in sustaining agricultural production.
3 Mushtaq, S.; Khan, S.; Hafeez, M.; Hanjra, M. A. 2009. Does reliability of water resources matter in the adoption of water-saving irrigation practices?: a case study in the Zhanghe Irrigation System, China. Water Policy, 11(6):661-679. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.033]
Water resources ; Water saving ; Water productivity ; Irrigation systems ; Case studies ; Ponds ; Reservoirs ; Farmers ; Models ; Soil moisture / China / Zhanghe Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H046093)
(0.30 MB)
The aim of the study was to determine whether the reliability of water sources is important in the adoption of water-saving irrigation practices (WSI). It was hypothesized that access to reliable water sources such as water ponds would increase the likelihood of practicing alternate wetting and drying (AWD) for rice cultivation. While it seems intuitively reasonable to assume that farmer’s ability to access reliable water sources would reduce the risk involved in letting the paddy field dry temporarily, and therefore encourage the adoption of AWD, this study found no solid empirical evidence to support the proposition. However, weaker empirical evidence shows that access to reliable water supply from local ponds positively influences AWD practices. The results show that the adoption of AWD is not driven by farmer’s self choice but rather that they are adopting AWD to mitigate risk in the face of increasing water scarcity. The result suggests that water-saving irrigation training and farm size or land distribution system have an important role in the adoption of AWD practices. The policy implication of this research is that imposing institutional water scarcity could be a way to promote the adoption of water-saving irrigation practices.
4 Awan, U. K.; Anwar, Arif; Ahmad, Waqas; Hafeez, M.. 2016. A methodology to estimate equity of canal water and groundwater use at different spatial and temporal scales: a geo-informatics approach. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(5):1-13. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4976-4]
Groundwater extraction ; Groundwater irrigation ; Equity ; Irrigation systems ; Irrigation canals ; Water use ; Water scarcity ; Water requirements ; Water demand ; River basins ; Basin irrigation ; Farmers ; Evapotranspiration / Pakistan / India / Indus River Basin / Hakra Branch Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047450)
(1.54 MB)
Indus basin irrigation system (IBIS) is one of the largest contiguous irrigation systems of the world. The surface canal water supplies are far less than the crop water demands which lead farmers to use groundwater to cope surface water scarcity. Although many studies in the IBIS are conducted to analyze the equitable distribution of canal water, there is hardly any study which comprehensively analyze the equitable use of canal water and groundwater at different spatial and temporal scales. One of the main reasons is lack of reliable information on the volume of groundwater abstraction. The objective of the current study is to develop an approach for estimating the equity of canal water and groundwater use at different spatial (canal command, distributaries, head, middle and tail end reaches) and temporal (daily, monthly and seasonal) scales of Hakra canal command area of IBIS. Results show that canal water and groundwater use to meet actual evapotranspiration is 34 and 42 %, respectively, which makes groundwater as an integral part of the large canal irrigation schemes of IBIS. The canal water and groundwater use varies significantly during the cropping colander. The maximum groundwater use is during May (51 mm) whereas the maximum canal water use is during August (24 mm). Farmers located at the head end reaches of Hakra canal use 42 % groundwater of total groundwater use whereas farmers located at the middle and tail end reaches use only 35 and 23 %, respectively. The canal water use at the head, middle and tail end reaches is 40, 34 and 26 %, respectively. These results show that the farmers located at the head of Hakra canal command area use more canal water and groundwater as compared to those located at the middle and tail end reaches. This methodology can provide guidelines to water managers in the region for equitable use of both canal water and groundwater.
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