Your search found 5 records
1 Con, T. H.; Hanh, N. T.; Berg, M.; Viet, P. H. 2003. Release of arsenic from minerals to the water phase. In Bakker, P. S.; Simmons, R. W. (Eds.). UNESCAP-IWMI Seminar – Environmental and Public Health Risks Due to Contamination of Soils, Crops, Surface and Groundwater from Urban, Industrial and Natural Sources in South East Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, December 10-12 2002. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI; IUCN; Ramsar; WRI. 9p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: CD Col Record No: H033501)
2 Viet, P. H.; Con, T. H.; Ha, C. T.; Tin, N. V.; Berg, M.; Giger, W.; Schertenleib, R. 2003. Arsenic removal technologies for drinking water in Vietnam. In Bakker, P. S.; Simmons, R. W. (Eds.). UNESCAP-IWMI Seminar – Environmental and Public Health Risks Due to Contamination of Soils, Crops, Surface and Groundwater from Urban, Industrial and Natural Sources in South East Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, December 10-12 2002. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI; IUCN; Ramsar; WRI. 10p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: CD Col Record No: H033502)
3 Podgorski, J. E.; Eqani, S. A. M. A. S.; Khanam, T.; Ullah, R.; Shen, H.; Berg, M.. 2017. Extensive arsenic contamination in high-pH unconfined aquifers in the Indus Valley. Science Advances, 3(8):1-10. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700935]
Arsenic ; Contamination ; Groundwater ; Aquifers ; pH ; Water quality ; Drinking water ; Public health ; Health hazards ; Soils ; Probability analysis ; Regression analysis ; Models ; Forecasting / Pakistan / Indus Valley
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048293)
http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/3/8/e1700935.full.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048293.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048293.pdf
(0.96 MB) (980 KB)
Arsenic-contaminated aquifers are currently estimated to affect ~150 million people around the world. However, the full extent of the problem remains elusive. This is also the case in Pakistan, where previous studies focused on isolated areas. Using a new data set of nearly 1200 groundwater quality samples throughout Pakistan, we have created state-of-the-art hazard and risk maps of arsenic-contaminated groundwater for thresholds of 10 and 50 mg/liter. Logistic regression analysis was used with 1000 iterations, where surface slope, geology, and soil parameters were major predictor variables. The hazard model indicates that much of the Indus Plain is likely to have elevated arsenic concentrations, although the rest of the country is mostly safe. Unlike other arsenic-contaminated areas of Asia, the arsenic release process in the arid Indus Plain appears to be dominated by elevated-pH dissolution, resulting from alkaline topsoil and extensive irrigation of unconfined aquifers, although pockets of reductive dissolution are also present. We estimate that approximately 50 million to 60 million people use groundwater within the area at risk, with hot spots around Lahore and Hyderabad. This number is alarmingly high and demonstrates the urgent need for verification and testing of all drinking water wells in the Indus Plain, followed by appropriate mitigation measures.
4 Podgorski, J.; Berg, M.. 2020. Global threat of arsenic in groundwater. Science, 368(6493):845-850. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba1510]
Groundwater ; Arsenic ; Contamination ; Forecasting ; Risk assessment ; Drinking water ; Population ; Public health ; Aquifers ; Models
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049727)
(1.50 MB)
Naturally occurring arsenic in groundwater affects millions of people worldwide. We created a global prediction map of groundwater arsenic exceeding 10 micrograms per liter using a random forest machine-learning model based on 11 geospatial environmental parameters and more than 50,000 aggregated data points of measured groundwater arsenic concentration. Our global prediction map includes known arsenic-affected areas and previously undocumented areas of concern. By combining the global arsenic prediction model with household groundwater-usage statistics, we estimate that 94 million to 220 million people are potentially exposed to high arsenic concentrations in groundwater, the vast majority (94%) being in Asia. Because groundwater is increasingly used to support growing populations and buffer against water scarcity due to changing climate, this work is important to raise awareness, identify areas for safe wells, and help prioritize testing.
5 Araya, D.; Podgorski, J.; Kumi, M.; Mainoo, P. A.; Berg, M.. 2022. Fluoride contamination of groundwater resources in Ghana: country-wide hazard modeling and estimated population at risk. Water Research, 212:118083. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118083]
Groundwater pollution ; Fluorides ; Contamination ; Population ; Public health ; Risk ; Fluorosis ; Drinking water ; Uncertainty ; Modelling / Africa / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051362)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004313542200046X/pdfft?md5=f5a0b06c5352c9788f7edfef65b0700e&pid=1-s2.0-S004313542200046X-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051362.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051362.pdf
(11.70 MB) (11.7 MB)
Most people in Ghana have no or only basic access to safely managed water. Especially in rural areas, much of the population relies on groundwater for drinking, which can be contaminated with fluoride and lead to dental fluorosis. Children under the age of two are particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of fluoride and can retain 80–90% of a fluoride dose, compared to 60% in adults. Despite numerous local studies, no spatially continuous picture exists of the fluoride contamination across Ghana, nor is there any estimate of what proportion of the population is potentially exposed to unsafe fluoride levels. Here, we spatially model the probability of fluoride concentrations exceeding 1.0 mg/L in groundwater across Ghana to identify risk areas and estimate the number of children and adults exposed to unsafe fluoride levels in drinking water. We use a set of geospatial predictor variables with random forest modeling and evaluate the model performance through spatial cross-validation. We found that approximately 15% of the area of Ghana, mainly in the northeast, has a high probability of fluoride contamination. The total at-risk population is about 920,000 persons, or 3% of the population, with an estimated 240,000 children (0–9 years) in at-risk areas. In some districts, such as Karaga, Gushiegu, Tamale and Mion, 4 out of 10 children are potentially exposed to fluoride poisoning. Geology and high evapotranspiration are the main drivers of fluoride enrichment in groundwater. Consequently, climate change might put even greater pressure on the area's water resources. Our hazard maps should raise awareness and understanding of geogenic fluoride contamination in Ghana and can advise decision making at local levels to avoid or mitigate fluoride-related risks.
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