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1 Chandio, B. A.; Azam, M.; Khan, M. Z. I.. 1993. Potential role of water users associations for better water management at the farm level: Synthesis of nine studies. In Government of Pakistan-USAID Irrigation Systems Management Research Project; IIMI, Proceedings: Irrigation Systems Management Research Symposium, Lahore, 11-13 April 1993. Vol.III. - Role of water users in irrigation management. pp.1-16.

Water user associations ; Water management ; On farm research ; Farmers' associations / Pakistan / Balochistan / Kech Valley / Swat Valley / Chitral / Sind / Punjab

(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIMI Record No: H012891)

Considering that little monitoring of the performance of water users associations was conducted until 1986, nine studies to determine the success of water user organizations were recently conducted by social scientists and anthropologists of various universities in Pakistan under the Encouraging Water Users (EWU) sub-project. Based on the fact that the on-farm water management program was launched in the early seventies and that water users associations were not provided legal protection until 1981, the studies also searched for any institutional constraints limiting the viability of the associations. Out of nine studies, three were done in Balochistan to determine community impact and tribal affiliations on collective management of karezes and tubewells. Studies suggested that the tribal system could readily form into a water users association. The studies noted also that the tribal system was a more appropriate system for installation of tubewells than rehabilitation of karezes. Poverty emerged as a larger constraint against the success of water management programs. The study of socioeconomics and irrigation system in Swat indicated that the unplanned and disorganized irrigation system is prone to many problems whereas the study on irrigation and society in Chitral revealed that socially organized farmers could manage irrigation water effectively. Two studies in Sindh and one in Punjab reported that water users associations would not help improve irrigation efficiencies unless other considerations were brought under the domain of water users associations. In Barani areas of Punjab, research suggested that because the local Irrigation Department had shown little interest, water users associations were prime candidates to take responsibility of small dams.

2 Chandio, B. A.; Azam, M.; Khan, M. Z. I.. 1993. Potential role of water users associations for better water management at the farm level: Synthesis of nine studies. In IIMI. Pakistan; PCRWR, Irrigation Systems Management Research (ISM/R) Project. Final report: Encouraging water users associations. 14p.

Water user associations ; Water management ; Case studies ; Social aspects ; Economic aspects / Pakistan / Balochistan / Swat Valley / Chitral / Sind / Punjab

(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.8 G730 IIM Record No: H013273)