Your search found 65 records
1 Merrey, D. J. 1983. Irrigation, poverty and social change in a village of Pakistani Punjab: an historical and cultural ecological analysis. Thesis, vol. I: part I-IV, vol. II: part V-VI. Dissertation in anthropology presented to the University of Pennsylvania for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. v.1:pp.1-469; v2: pp.470-861.
Irrigation systems ; History ; Irrigation canals ; Villages ; Social structure ; Settlement ; Land ownership ; Tenancy ; Farm size ; Poverty / Pakistan / Punjab / Gujarat / Gondalpur village / Chaj Doab / Lower Jehlum Canal
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: D 631.7.3 G730 MER Record No: H000884)
(0.48 MB)
The dissertation examines the roots of poverty in rural Pakistan by attempting to explain why there has been little "development" in a village that was a direct "beneficiary" of a large development project, the irrigation system of Punjab. Utilizing both detailed land records and data gathered through standard anthropological techniques, the dissertation analyzes how and why the community changed between 1857 and 1977. In 1857, "Gondalpur" had 67 inhabitants cultivating 64 acres of land, and dependent mainly on cattle for subsistence. By 1901 Gondalpur had nearly 570 inhabitants cultivating over 300 acres and pursuing a mixed cultivation and cattle-raising strategy. A clear division developed between land owners and non-owners, accompanied by a system of exchanges between cultivators and occupational specialists. Over half the land had been acquired by absentee landlords. In 1904, when canal irrigation was introduced, there was a rapid expansion of cultivation, especially cash cropping; an increase in tenancy; and kinship groups called biraderi emerged as important components of the social structure. By 1977 the population reached 1,450, and most land is irrigated and double-cropped. There has been a drastic decline in size of ownership and farm units. After the initial expansion of cultivation, per capita agricultural productivity has declined. Most villagers are quite poor. The community is fragmented by conflict and unable to resist interference from outsiders. The dissertation tries to explain these changes from an historical and cultural ecological perspective. The major factors identified are the irrigation system's design and organization; certain policies of the British government; and the large "fund of rent" siphoned from the community through taxes, rent, and illegal extractions by officials. These and other factors interacted with the community patterns of land tenure and organization and production which had developed before canal irrigation. The result is low productivity, large inequalities in land holding, no investment in improved technologies, and an inability to cooperate on self-help projects. The dissertation concludes by discussing the implications of the findings for cultural ecological theory and the future development of the Indus Basin.
2 Flueret, P. 1984. The social organization of water control in the Taita hills, Kenya. Kenya: 46 p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G140 FLU Record No: H02482)
3 Morrison, B. M.; Moore, M. P.; Lebbe, M. U. I. (Eds.) 1979. The disintegrating village: Social change in rural Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Lake House. 273p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 307.72 G744 MOR Record No: H04489)
4 Wade, R. 1988. Village republics: economic conditions for collective action in South India. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. xii, 238p. (Cambridge South Asian studies 40)
Rural development ; Economic situation ; Case studies ; Irrigation ; Agriculture ; Cooperatives ; Social structure ; Collective action ; Water supply / India
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 330.9 G635 WAD Record No: H05325)
5 Aston, T. H.; Philpin, C. H. E. (Eds.) 1985. The Brenner debate: Agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. viii, 339p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 307.72 G000 AST Record No: H06746)
6 Ali, U. 1989. Irrigation systems along the Swat river and its tributaries. In Tirmizi, J.; Parlin, B. (Eds.), Societal dynamics and irrigation systems: A compilation of working papers: Phase 1 - Encouraging water users involvement in better water management sub-project. Islamabad, Pakistan: Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources. pp.40-52.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G730 TIR Record No: H06955)
7 Achakzai, G. N.; Toor, A. S. 1989. Patterns of management and cooperation on the Karez System in Baluchistan. In Tirmizi, J.; Parlin, B. (Eds.), Societal dynamics and irrigation systems: A compilation of working papers: Phase 1 - Encouraging water users involvement in better water management sub-project. Islamabad, Pakistan: Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources. pp.70-78.
Irrigation management ; Small scale systems ; Water use ; Social structure ; Organizations / Baluchistan / Karez
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G730 TIR Record No: H06957)
8 Pradhan, P. 1990. Contribution of irrigation systems in mountain agriculture. Paper presented at ICIMOD organized International Symposium on Strategies for Sustainable Mountain Agriculture" held in Kathmandu from 10-14 September, 1990. 19p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.3 G726 PRA Record No: H06970)
9 Zey-Ferrell, M.; Aiken, M. 1981. Complex organizations: Critical perspectives. Glenville, IL, USA: Ascott, Forseman and Co. 410p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 302 G000 ZEY Record No: H07338)
10 Lund, R. 1986. Distribution of welfare and social change in the Mahaweli H1 and H2 areas. Paper presented at the Seminar on Mahaweli After Ten years, SLAAS, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 6-9 November 1986. 17p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 1891 Record No: H08332)
11 1990. The irrigation system and local community. In Design for sustainable farmer-managed irrigation schemes in Sub-Saharan Africa: Introductions and contributions for the international workshop held at The International Agricultural Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 5-8 February 1990. Vol. 1. 11p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.2 G110 DES Record No: H08587)
12 Uphoff, N. 1990. Learning from Gal Oya. Unknown. vii, 347p.
Irrigation systems ; Performance evaluation ; Development projects ; Farmer-agency interactions ; Social structure / Sri Lanka / Gal Oya Project
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 1987 Record No: H08639)
13 Harrison, M. I. 1987. Diagnosing organizations: Methods, models, and processes. London, UK: Sage Publications. viii, 159p. (Applied social research methods series; Vol.8)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 302.35 G000 HAR Record No: H08804)
14 Castor, C. de J. 1983. State of the art: Agrarian reform research. Los Ba¤os, Philippines: PCARRD. 76p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 338.1 G732 CAS Record No: H09135)
15 Bentley, J. W. 1992. Today there is no misery: The ethnography of farming in Northwest Portugal. Tucson, AR, USA: University of Arizona Press. xii, 177p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.092 G917 BEN Record No: H011089)
16 Husain, A. M. M.; Kaiser, K. M. S. 1993. Sociological aspects of irrigated crop diversification. In Biswas, M. R.; Mandal, M. A. S. (Eds.) Irrigation management for crop diversification in Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh: The University Press. pp.130-145.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.2 G584 BIS Record No: H012492)
17 Lewis, O. 1960. Tepoztl n: Village in Mexico. New York, NY, USA: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. viii, 104p.
Villages ; Social structure ; Households ; Rural sociology ; Labor ; Land tenure ; Agriculture / Mexico
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 307.72 G404 LEW Record No: H016892)
18 Meinzen-Dick, R. S. 1989. Water in a thirsty land: Irrigation development and agrarian structure in South India. Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. xi, 235p.
Surface irrigation ; Groundwater ; Technology ; Tank irrigation ; Wells ; Irrigation effects ; Agricultural production ; Crop yield ; Rice ; Agrarian reform ; Social structure ; Rural sociology ; Environmental effects ; Drought ; Households ; Family labor ; Employment / India / Tamil Nadu / Arcot
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: D 631.7.8 G635 MEI Record No: H018227)
19 Bonine, M. E. 1996. Qanats and rural societies: Sustainable agriculture and irrigation cultures in contemporary Iran. In Mabry, J. B. (Ed.), Canals and communities: Small-scale irrigation systems. Tucson, AZ, USA: University of Arizona Press. pp.183-209.
Sustainable agriculture ; Rural sociology ; Water resources ; Groundwater ; Recharge ; Wells ; Subsurface irrigation ; Water distribution ; Villages ; Social participation ; Social structure ; Settlement ; Households ; Arid lands / Iran
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G000 MAB Record No: H020980)
20 Rocheleau, D.; Edmunds, D. 1997. Women, men and trees: Gender, power and property in forest and agrarian landscapes. World Development, 25(8):1351-1371.
Gender ; Women ; Woman's status ; Land ownership ; Property ; Land tenure ; Forests ; Agroforestry ; Social structure ; Private ownership ; Case studies / Africa / Kenya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H021194)
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
