Your search found 9 records
1 Dayal, Bharat; Sharma, Bharat R.; Bhatt, Sanjeev; Westgaard, Snorre. 2007. A best practice evaluation report of a number of water related agricultural technologies. Project report of the IWMI Challenge Program on Water and Food, CPWF Small Grants Program – Selecting and Scaling Up Water –Efficient Farming and Groundwater Recharge Systems among 3,000 Small Scale Farmers in Rajasthan, India (SG 508). Output 1. 26p.
Water conservation ; Irrigated farming ; Models ; Mustard ; Wheat ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Furrow irrigation ; Cotton / India / Rajasthan / Alwar District / Behror Block / Momanpur Talwar
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.1 G635 DAY Record No: H040574)
(0.95 MB)
2 Aggarwal, P. K.; Hebbar, K. B.; Venugopalan, M. V.; Rani, S.; Bala, A.; Biswal, A.; Wani, S. P. 2008. Quantification of yield gaps in rain-fed rice, wheat, cotton and mustard in India. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Colombo, Sri Lanka: Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture; Pusa, New Delhi, India: Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI). 30p. (Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report 43)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.558 G635 AGG Record No: H041564)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/files_new/publications/ICRISATReport43.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041564.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041564.pdf
3 Kumar, S. N.; Aggarwal, Pramod; Rani, S.; Jain, S.; Saxena, R.; Chauhan, N. 2011. Impact of climate change on crop productivity in Western Ghats, coastal and northeastern regions of India. Current Science, 101(3):332-341.
Climate change ; Crop production ; Impact assessment ; Simulation models ; Coastal area ; Irrigated farming ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated rice ; Potatoes ; Maize ; Wheat ; Mustard ; Sorghum / India / Western Ghats
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044599)
(8.86 MB) (8.86MB)
Assessment on impact of climate change on major crops in ecologically sensitive areas, viz. the Western Ghats (WG), coastal districts and northeastern (NE) states of India, using InfoCrop simulation model, projected varying impacts depending on location, climate, projected climate scenario, type of crop and its management. Irrigated rice and potato in the NE region, rice in the eastern coastal region and coconut in the WG are likely to gain. Irrigated maize, wheat and mustard in the NE and coastal regions, and rice, sorghum and maize in the WG may lose. Adaptation strategies such as change in variety and altered agronomy can, however, offset the impacts of climate change.
4 Kumar, S. N.; Aggarwal, Kumar Pramod; Uttam, K.; Surabhi, J.; Rani, D. N. S.; Chauhan, N.; Saxena, R. 2016. Vulnerability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson) to climate variability and future adaptation strategies. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 21:403-420. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9606-z]
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Models ; Temperature ; Rain ; Carbon dioxide ; Irrigated farming ; Crop yield ; Mustard / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046904)
A simulation study has been carried out using the InfoCrop mustard model to assess the impact of climate change and adaptation gains and to delineate the vulnerable regions for mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson) production in India. On an all India basis, climate change is projected to reduce mustard grain yield by ~2 % in 2020 (2010–2039), ~7.9 % in 2050 (2040–2069) and ~15 % in 2080 (2070–2099) climate scenarios of MIROC3.2.HI (a global climate model) and Providing Regional Climates for Impact Studies (PRECIS, a regional climate model) models, if no adaptation is followed. However, spatiotemporal variations exist for the magnitude of impacts. Yield is projected to reduce in regions with current mean seasonal temperature regimes above 25/10 °C during crop growth. Adapting to climate change through a combination of improved input efficiency, additional fertilizers and adjusting the sowing time of current varieties can increase yield by ~17 %. With improved varieties, yield can be enhanced by ~25 % in 2020 climate scenario. But, projected benefits may reduce thereafter. Development of short-duration varieties and improved crop husbandry becomes essential for sustaining mustard yield in future climates. As climatically suitable period for mustard cultivation may reduce in future, short-duration (<130 days) cultivars with 63 % pod filling period will become more adaptable. There is a need to look beyond the suggested adaptation strategy to minimize the yield reduction in net vulnerable regions.
5 Humphreys, E.; Tuong, T. P.; Buisson, Marie-Charlotte; Pukinskis, I.; Phillips, M. (Eds.) 2015. Proceedings of the CPWF, GBDC, WLE Conference on Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone: Turning Science into Policy and Practices, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 21-23 October 2014. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF). 600p.
Coastal area ; Surface water ; Water resources ; Water requirements ; Water use ; Water governance ; Water management ; Climate change ; Crop production ; Cropping systems ; Rice ; Oil crops ; Wheat ; Mustard ; Seasonal cropping ; Farming systems ; Farmers ; Groundwater irrigation ; Irrigation water ; Soil salinity ; Salt water intrusion ; Aquifers ; Bacteriological analysis ; Ecosystems ; Community involvement ; Rural communities ; Women ; Food production ; Households ; Living standards ; Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Shrimp culture ; Diversification ; Land productivity ; Watermelons ; Pumps ; Incentives / Bangladesh / Barisal / West Bengal / Khulna / Ganges Coastal Zone / Sundarbans Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047106)
https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/66389/Revitalizing%20the%20Ganges%20Coastal%20Zone%20Book_Low%20Version.pdf?sequence=1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047106.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047106.pdf
(10.00 MB) (11.91 MB)
6 Kumar, N.; Adeloye, A. J.; Shankar, V.; Rustum, R. 2020. Neural computing modelling of the crop water stress index. Agricultural Water Management, 239:106259. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106259]
Crop water use ; Water stress ; Neural networks ; Models ; Evaluation ; Irrigation scheduling ; Soil moisture ; Temperature ; Wells ; Mustard ; Canopy / India / Hamirpur
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049750)
(3.26 MB)
In this study, two artificial neural network models viz. supervised Feed-Forward Back Propagation (FF-BP) and unsupervised Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (K-SOM) have been developed to predict the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) using air temperature, relative humidity, and canopy temperature. Field experiments were conducted on Indian mustard to observe the crop canopy temperature under different levels of irrigation treatment during the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The empirical CWSI was computed using well-watered and non-transpiring baseline canopy temperatures. The K-SOM and FF-BP CWSI predictions were compared with the empirical CWSI estimates and both performed satisfactorily. Of the two, however, the K-SOM was better with R2 (coefficient of determination) of 0.97 and 0.96 for model development and validation, respectively; corresponding values for FF-BP were 0.86 and 0.75. The results of the study suggest that neural network modelling offers significant potential for reliable prediction of the CWSI, which can be utilized in irrigation scheduling and crop stress management.
7 Varshney, Deepak; Mishra, A. K.; Joshi, P. K.; Roy, D. 2022. Social networks, heterogeneity, and adoption of technologies: evidence from India. Food Policy, 112:102360. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2022.102360]
Agricultural technology ; Social networks ; Mustard ; Hybrids ; Farmers ; Caste systems ; Socioeconomic environment / India / Rajasthan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051433)
(0.64 MB)
This study examines the role of caste-based affiliations in the smallholders’ social network interactions for adoption choices. In particular, whether lower-caste, namely Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, farmers rely more on social networks for information than their counterparts. We further explore whether social network effects are more pronounced when farmers interact within their caste than otherwise. Finally, the study tests whether the effects (intra-caste and inter-caste) vary by caste—SC/ST versus non-SC/ST farmers. The study uses a survey of 478 mustard farmers in Rajasthan, India. Econometric concerns related to unobserved heterogeneity are addressed by employing specifications with village fixed effects and a series of robustness tests. Simultaneity concerns are addressed by analyzing the social network effects in a dynamic adoption framework. Results show that the adoption choices regarding hybrid mustard seeds are more pronounced for the lower-caste farmers than for their counterparts. Findings reveal that social network effects are significant in intra-caste but not in the case of inter-caste. Finally, the result shows that the likelihood of accepting advice in technology adoption is higher when SC/ST farmers interact with non-SC/ST network members than when non-SC/ST farmers interact with SC/ ST network members.
8 Patra, S.; Parihar, C. M.; Mahala, D. M.; Singh, D.; Nayak, H. S.; Patra, K.; Reddy, K. S.; Pradhan, S.; Sena, Dipaka Ranjan. 2023. Influence of long-term tillage and diversified cropping systems on hydro-physical properties in a sandy loam soil of North-western India. Soil and Tillage Research, 229:105655. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2023.105655]
Cropping systems ; Diversification ; Tillage ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Soil physical properties ; Sandy loam soils ; Soil aggregates ; Soil organic carbon ; Conservation agriculture ; Maize ; Wheat ; Mung beans ; Chickpeas ; Mustard ; Sesbania / India / New Delhi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051761)
(2.53 MB)
A study was conducted to determine the combined effects of three tillage practices and four maize (Zea mays L.)- based cropping systems on physical, saturated, and near-saturated hydraulic properties in a sandy loam soil of North-Western India. Split-plot experimental design was adopted with tillage [conventional tillage (CT), zero tillage (ZT), and permanent raised bed (PB)] as the main plot treatments and intensified crop rotations [Maize (Zea mays L.)-Wheat (Triticum aestivum)-Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) (MWGg), Maize-Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)-Sesbania (Sesbania aculeata) (MCpSb), Maize-Mustard (Brassica juncea) -Greengram (MMuGg) and MaizeMaize-Sesbania (MMSb)] as subplot treatments. The saturated and near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity were derived from steady-state infiltration rates measured using a hood infiltrometer on the surface soil at 0, - 1, and - 3 cm pressure heads. The long-term (10 years) study revealed that the bulk density (BD) of the soil under conservation agriculture (CA) practices (PB and ZT) was significantly (P = 0.05) lower than that in CT practices. The soil BD in the MCpSb cropping system was measured to be the lowest (1.24 g cm- 3 ) among all the cropping systems. The soil aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) under PB and ZT was determined to be 31% and 27% higher than in the CT treatments. In tillage × cropping systems interactions, the highest MWD was observed in the PB×MWGg. The saturated and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity (K(h)) were estimated to have higher values in CA practices (PB and ZT) than in the CT treatments. In the case of cropping systems, the soil’s mean field saturated hydraulic conductivity was estimated to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher under the MWGg, MCpSb, and MMuGg than the MMSb. The present study indicates that conservation agriculture-based crop management with diversified maize-based rotation (MCpSb, MWGg, and MMuGg) could be promising alternatives to conventional tillage practices (CT). Among the cropping system choices, MWGg was more effective in improving the soil’s hydro-physical properties in the study area.
9 Mbangi, A.; Nongqwenga, N.; Mabhaudhi, T. 2023. Calibration accuracy of requirement factor and sorption studies for fertilizer recommendation. Agrosystems, Geosciences and Environment, 6(3):e20401. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.20401]
Fertilizer application ; Sorption isotherms ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Equilibration ; Plant growth ; Parameters ; Biomass ; Leaf area index ; Crop yield ; Soil solution ; Physicochemical properties ; Cowpeas ; Mustard ; Maize / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052103)
https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.20401
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052103.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052103.pdf
(0.20 MB) (209 KB)
The inconsistent and incoherent approaches by fertilizer recommendations to index crop response has prompted the search for alternative approaches. Some of the problems stem from the overlooking of fundamental soil properties that govern the soil solution, which is where plant roots absorb nutrients for growth. A comparison was made between two contrasting equilibration techniques to evaluate their precision in estimating crop response. Sorption isotherms for phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were compared to requirement factors. Phosphorus sorption isotherms were determined following the batch equilibration technique. Potassium was developed following equilibration with graded K levels. The requirement factors of both P and K were determined following a 6-week incubation with four different levels of fertilization. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), mustard (Brassica juncea), and maize (Zea mays) were used as test crops. The growth parameters measured included biomass (g), height (cm), and leaf area index. At harvest, yield (g pot-1) and uptake (mg pot-1) were also recorded. Linear correlation studies were carried out to evaluate the association between treatments and the growth parameters of the tested crops. Results showed no significant difference (p < 0.05) in maize growth parameters between the equilibration methods, despite the sorption isotherms estimating higher levels of P and K. The sorption isotherms for P and K were 1.7 and 9.8 times higher than their respective requirement factors. The crop response, although relatively similar in both methods, was weakly correlated with the sorption-estimated nutrient levels, indicating an overestimation of nutrients. Therefore, the requirement factors were deemed to be a more precise equilibration technique for estimating nutrient levels.
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