Your search found 33 records
1 Shaw, E. M.; Beven, K. J.; Chappell, N. A.; Lamb, R. 2011. Hydrology in practice. 4th ed. London, UK: Spon Press. 543p.
Hydrology ; Measurement ; Analysis ; Hydrological cycle ; Hydrometeorology ; Evaporation ; Evapotranspiration ; Precipitation ; Aquifers ; Climate change ; Networks ; Rain ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Moisture content ; Rivers ; Flow ; Water quality ; Models ; Soil water content ; Flooding ; Risk management ; Drought ; Runoff ; Groundwater ; Water resource management ; Policy ; Legal aspects ; Remote sensing / UK
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.48 G000 SHA Record No: H043491)
(0.42 MB)
2 Pavelic, Paul; Dillon, P. J.; Mucha, M.; Nakai, T.; Barry, K. E.; Bestland, E. 2011. Laboratory assessment of factors affecting soil clogging of soil aquifer treatment systems. Water Research, 45(10):3153-3163. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.03.027]
Soils ; Clogging ; Aquifers ; Recycling ; Water quality ; Water reuse ; Soil properties ; Analytical methods ; Laboratory experimentation ; Hydraulic conductivity
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043808)
(0.80 MB)
In this study the effect of soil type, level of pre-treatment, ponding depth, temperature and sunlight on clogging of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) systems was evaluated over an eight week duration in constant temperature and glasshouse environments. Of the two soil types tested, the more permeable sand media clogged more than the loam, but still retained an order of magnitude higher absolute permeability. A 6- to 8-fold difference in hydraulic loading rates was observed between the four source water types tested (one potable water and three recycled waters), with improved water quality resulting in significantly higher infiltration. Infiltration rates for ponding depths of 30 cm and 50 cm were higher than 10 cm, although for 50 cm clogging rates were higher due to greater compaction of the clogging layer. Overall, physical clogging was more significant than other forms of clogging. Microbial clogging becomes increasingly important when the particulate concentrations in the source waters are reduced through pre-treatment and for finer textured soils due to the higher specific surface area of the media. Clogging by gas binding took place in the glasshouse but not in the lab, and mechanical clogging associated with particle rearrangement was evident in the sand media but not in the loam. These results offer insight into the soil, water quality and operating conditions needed to achieve viable SAT systems.
3 Luthin, J. N. (Ed.) 1957. Drainage of agricultural lands. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy. 620p.
Agricultural land ; Drainage ; Surface drainage ; Soil water ; Soil moisture ; Soil water content ; Soil organic matter ; Soil permeability ; Water table ; Irrigation water ; Hygroscopicity ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Wells ; Pumping ; Engineering ; Crops
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.62 G000 LUT Record No: H043948)
(0.09 MB)
4 Black, C. A.; Evans, D. D.; Ensminger, L. E.; White, J. L.; Clark, F. E. (Eds.) 1965. Method of soil analysis: part 1 - Physical and mineralogical properties including statistics of measurement and sampling. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy. 770p. (Agronomy 9)
Soil analysis ; Measurement ; Sampling ; Chemicophysical properties ; Calibration ; Water content ; Soil water content ; Soil hydraulic properties ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Water intake ; Water table ; Evapotranspiration ; Porosity ; Soil air ; Heat capacity ; Heat transfer ; Radiation ; Particle density ; Bulk density ; Consistency ; Shear strength ; Rupture ; Penetrometers ; Bearing characteristics ; Microscopy ; Photometry ; Infrared spectrophotometry ; X rays ; Chemical composition
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.4 G000 BLA Record No: H043954)
(0.49 MB)
5 Rajasthan Agricultural Drainage Research Project. 1995. Analysis of subsurface drainage design criteria. Quebec, Canada: Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA); Alberta, Canada: UMA Engineering Ltd.; Alberta, Canada: AGRA Earth and Environmental Ltd. 390p.
Water management ; Subsurface drainage ; Monitoring ; Cost benefit analysis ; Agricultural research ; Agricultural development ; Research projects ; Rivers ; Geology ; Waterlogging ; Soil salinity ; Water table ; Canals ; Soil classification ; Soil properties ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Economic analysis ; Sensitivity analysis ; Costs ; Models ; Farmers ; Crop management ; Environmental effects ; Water quality ; Water reuse ; Equipment ; Climate / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G635 RAJ Record No: H044515)
(0.64 MB)
6 Erkossa, Teklu. 2011. Tillage effects on physical qualities of a vertisol in the central highlands of Ethiopia. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 5(12):1008-1016. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJEST10.089]
Soil management ; Field preparation ; Tillage ; Ridge tillage ; Furrows ; Soil analysis ; Soil moisture ; Soil water content ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Highlands ; Rain / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044664)
http://www.academicjournals.org/ajest/PDF/pdf%202011/Dec/Erkossa.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044664.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044664.pdf
(0.14 MB) (289.9KB)
In the highlands of Ethiopia, tillage methods and frequency affect drainage, soil erosion, moisture conservation, weeding and harvesting of crops. This is through their effects on soil physical, chemical and biological qualities. In this study, four tillage methods for land preparation, “broad bed and furrows”,” green manure”, “reduced tillage “and the traditional tillage “ridge and furrows” were evaluated for their effects on soil physical quality indicators. The study was superimposed on the field experiment conducted on a vertisol area at Caffee doonsa for five years (1998 to 2002) in the central highland of Ethiopia. Penetration resistance (PR), aggregate stability, water-holding capacity, crust strength and thickness, texture, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density and water holding capacity were the soil physical quality indicators considered. The result indicated that only PR was significantly (p<0.05) affected, where as the other parameter have shown a slight changes that are consistent with the effects on the bio-chemical parameters as previously reported. Broad bed furrows, and reduced tillage resulted in the highest and the lowest PR, respectively under both the moist and dry soil conditions. Green manure increased aggregate stability and reduced surface crust strength, which was linked to its increased organic matter content and consequent improved microbial activities.
7 Vithanage, Meththika; Engesgaard, P.; Villholth, Karen G.; Jensen, K. H. 2011. The effects of the 2004 tsunami on a coastal aquifer in Sri Lanka. Ground Water, 50(5):704-714. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00893.x]
Tsunamis ; Coastal area ; Aquifers ; Groundwater ; Water table ; Models ; Salt water intrusion ; Hydraulic conductivity / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045001)
(1.27 MB)
On December 26, 2004, the earthquake off the southern coast of Sumatra in the Indian Ocean generated far-reaching tsunami waves, resulting in severe disruption of the coastal aquifers in many countries of the region. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of the tsunami on groundwater in coastal areas. Field investigations on the east coast of Sri Lanka were carried out along a transect located perpendicular to the coastline on a 2.4 km wide sand stretch bounded by the sea and a lagoon. Measurements of groundwater table elevation and electrical conductivity (EC) of the groundwater were carried out monthly from October 2005 to August 2007. The aquifer system and tsunami saltwater intrusion were modeled using the variable-density flow and solute transport code HST3D to understand the tsunami plume behavior and estimate the aquifer recovery time. EC values reduced as a result of the monsoonal rainfall following the tsunami with a decline in reduction rate during the dry season. The upper part of the saturated zone (down to 2.5 m) returned to freshwater conditions (EC < 1000 µS/cm) 1 to 1.5 years after the tsunami, according to field observations. On the basis of model simulations, it may take more than 15 years for the entire aquifer (down to 28 m) to recover completely, although the top 6 m of the aquifer may become fresh in about 5 years.
8 Shukla, M. K. 2011. Introduction to soil hydrology: processes and variability of hydrological properties. In Shukla, M. K. (Ed.) Soil hydrology, land use and agriculture: measurement and modelling. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.1-23.
Soil properties ; Hydrology ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Indicators ; Water balance ; Groundwater ; Land use ; Climate change ; Statistical methods
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H045773)
9 Sato, K.; Ueno, T. 2011. Impacts of below-ground structures on the groundwater environment and their management. In Findikakis, A. N.; Sato, K. Groundwater management practices. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press - Balkema. pp.221-236. (IAHR Monograph)
Groundwater management ; Groundwater extraction ; Aquifers ; Underground structures ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Tunnels ; Urban areas ; Gases / Japan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 FIN Record No: H045659)
10 Stauffer, F. 2011. Protection of groundwater environments. In Findikakis, A. N.; Sato, K. Groundwater management practices. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press - Balkema. pp.205-219. (IAHR Monograph)
Groundwater resources ; Aquifers ; Water quality ; Water pollution ; Water storage ; Catchment areas ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Environmental effects ; Social aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 FIN Record No: H045658)
11 Hoffman, G. J.; Evans, R. G.; Jensen, M. E.; Martin, D. L.; Elliott, R. L. (Eds.) 2007. Design and operation of farm irrigation systems. 2nd ed. St. Joseph, MI, USA: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE). 863p.
Irrigation development ; Irrigation systems ; Design ; Furrow irrigation ; Surface irrigation ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Microirrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Subsurface irrigation ; Irrigation water ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water management ; Water table ; Irrigated farming ; Food production ; Fiber ; Water supply ; Drought ; Environmental effects ; Water storage ; Water requirements ; Water distribution ; Pumping ; Water quality ; Surface water ; Runoff ; Soil water content ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Salinity control ; Drainage systems ; Land forming ; Surveys ; Models ; Chemigation / USA
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G300 HOF Record No: H045968)
(0.65 MB)
12 Prathapar, Sanmugam A.; Bawain, A. A. 2014. Impact of sedimentation on groundwater recharge at Sahalanowt Dam, Salalah, Oman. Technical note. Water International, 39(3):381-393. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/02508060.2014.895889]
Groundwater recharge ; Sedimentation ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Dams ; Reservoirs ; Infiltration ; Models ; Water levels ; Flooding / Oman / Salalah / Sahalanowt Dam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046392)
(0.37 MB)
Recharge dams in Oman detain floods to recharge groundwater. The impact of sedimentation on recharge at Wadi Sahalanowt Recharge Dam, in Salalah, Oman, was evaluated using field data and numerical modelling. Analysis of the thickness of sediments after flood events shows that maximum depositions were at the same locations after each event, coinciding with the lowest positions in the wadi. Numerical modelling suggests that the current practice of periodic removal of sediments will restore the storage capacity of the reservoir, but that ploughing or raking of the underlying native sedimentary rocks could be required to significantly improve infiltration rates.
13 Brindha, Karthikeyan; Elango, L. 2014. Geochemical modelling of the effects of a proposed uranium tailings pond on groundwater quality. Technical article. Mine Water and the Environment, 33:110-120. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-014-0279-3]
Geochemistry ; Models ; Hydrology ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Elements ; Uranium ; Mining ; Ponds ; Groundwater ; Water quality ; Infiltration water ; Wells / India / Andhra Pradesh / Nalgonda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046501)
(2.60 MB)
The impact of a proposed uranium tailings pond on groundwater quality was assessed by geochemical modelling. Groundwater samples were collected from six dug wells in the Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, in southern India, once every 2 months from March 2008 to January 2010, and analysed for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulphate, carbonate, bicarbonate, and uranium. Prediction of groundwater quality was carried out for 100 years using PHREEQC to assess the effects of infiltration of water from the proposed tailings pond. The sensitivity of the model for variations in porosity, hydraulic gradient, hydraulic conductivity, and concentration of uranium in the tailings was evaluated. Geochemical modelling predicts that if the chemical composition of the tailings water is maintained at about the expected mean concentrations, and an appropriate liner is installed with an infiltration rate B1.0 9 10-9 m/s, the concentration of solutes in the groundwater will be increased from present background levels for a down-gradient distance of up to 500 m for the anticipated life of the mine, i.e. 16 years. The concentration of ions in groundwater would exceed background concentrations for up to 100 m at the end of 100 years. This study was used to predict the optimum chemical composition for the tailings and the extent, in terms of time and distance, that the groundwater concentration of various ions would be increased by infiltration of wastes from the tailings pond.
14 Aslam, Muhammad. 2015. Numerical experimentation to develop design and operational parameters for skimming wells: a case study of the Chaj Doab of Punjab, Pakistan. Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology, 34(3):273-282.
Groundwater ; Salinity ; Hydrology ; Geology ; Discharges ; Skimming ; Wells ; Aquifers ; Models ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Pumping / Pakistan / Punjab / Chaj Doab
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047176)
(0.49 MB)
In the present study, MODFLOW-MT3D groundwater model was employed to perform numerical experimentation to develop design and operational parameters for skimming wells based on hydrogeology and groundwater salinity conditions of Chaj Doab, Punjab, Pakistan. Numerical experimentation resulted in: (i) a 1-strainer SW (Skimming Wells) with discharge of 14 l/s (litres per second) and penetration of 30% resulted in more saltwater upconing at 8 hours/day well operation compared to that occurred at 4 hours/day operation; (ii) a 1-strainer well with penetration of 30% and operation of 8 hours/day caused higher saltwater upconing at 14 l/s discharge compared to that at 9 l/s discharge; (iii) a 4-strainer well with penetration of 30% and operation of 8 hours/day also caused more saltwater upconing at 14 l/s well discharge compared to that at 9 l/s discharge. Similar trend was found for a 8-strainer well; and (iv) 1- or 4- or 8-strainer well with 30-60% penetration, 9-14 l/s discharge and 4-8 hours/day operation could provide pumped groundwater of salinity less than 1000 ppm. Considering hydro-chemical performance and costs of wells, a 4-strainer well with 30% penetration, 9-14 l/s discharge and 4-8 hours/day operation is recommended to skim groundwater of salinity less than 1000 ppm in Chaj Doab of Punjab, Pakistan.
15 Aslam, Muhammad; Matsuno, Y.; Hatcho, N. 2014. Assessment of skimming well performance in Punjab, Pakistan by groundwater simulation modelling. Memoirs- Faculty of Agriculture Kinki University, 47:11-32.
Groundwater development ; Simulation models ; Wells ; Freshwater ; Salinity ; Salt water intrusion ; Water use ; Irrigated farming ; Agriculture ; Pumping ; Farmers ; Aquifers ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Discharges / Pakistan / Punjab
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047177)
http://kurepo.clib.kindai.ac.jp/modules/xoonips/download.php?file_id=10749
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047177.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047177.pdf
(4.14 MB) (4.13 MB)
16 Ebrahim, Girma Yimer; Jonoski, A.; Al-Maktoumi, A.; Ahmed, M.; Mynett, A. 2016. Simulation-optimization approach for evaluating the feasibility of managed aquifer recharge in the Samail Lower Catchment, Oman. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 142(2):1-16. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000588]
Aquifers ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater management ; Water levels ; Water budget ; Water supply ; Catchment areas ; Dams ; Mathematical models ; Simulation models ; Algorithms ; Sensitivity analysis ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Calibration ; Salt water intrusion / Oman / Samail Lower Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047227)
(16.33 MB)
This article presents a simulation-optimization approach for evaluating the feasibility of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) in the Samail Lower Catchment, Oman. The objective is to provide a maximum recharge and extraction rate through MAR in an annual cycle of two successive injection and recovery periods, while meeting operational and system constraints such as water level, gradient, and travel time. Three groundwater management problems were solved by coupling a simulation model with successive linear programming (SLP) and the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) multiobjective genetic algorithm. Sensitivity analysis was also completed to examine the overall response of the simulation-optimization results to changes in hydraulic conductivities and maximum injection rates. Results using the SLP algorithm showed that the total volume of injected water for 4 months of injection without recovery is as high as 8 × 106 m3, and the total recovered volume of water for 4months injection and 8 months recovery is approximately 5.3 × 106 m3, giving a total recovery efficiency of approximately 66%. For the same setup the NSGA-II algorithm derived the entire nondominated front of solutions for two conflicting objectives: maximizing recovery rate and maximizing minimum groundwater head close to the sea (for preventing seawater intrusion). This algorithm includes travel time constraints directly in the optimization process. In conclusion, the proposed approach provides a cost-effective means to evaluate MAR in a coastal aquifer.
17 Schmitter, Petra; Goedbloed, A.; Galelli, S.; Babovic, V. 2016. Effect of catchment-scale green roof deployment on stormwater generation and reuse in a tropical city. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 142(7):1-13. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000643]
Catchment areas ; Drainage ; Precipitation ; Water reuse ; Water management ; Vegetation ; Hydrological cycle ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Models ; Reservoir operation ; Urbanization ; Discharges ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Weather / Singapore / Marina Reservoir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047458)
(12.37 MB)
Low-impact development (LID) comprises a broad spectrum of stormwater management technologies for mitigating the impacts of urbanization on hydrological processes. Among these technologies, green roofs are one of the most adopted solutions, especially in densely populated metropolitan areas, where roofs take up a significant portion of the impervious surfaces and land areas are scarce. While the in situ hydrological performance of green roofs—i.e., reduction of runoff volume and peak discharge—is well addressed in literature, less is known about their impact on stormwater management and reuse activities at a catchment or city scale. This study developed an integrated urban water cycle model (IUWCM) to quantitatively assess the effect of uniform green roof deployment (i.e., 25, 50, and 100% conversion of traditional roofs) over the period 2009–2011 in the Marina Reservoir catchment, a 100-km2, highly urbanized area located in the heart of Singapore. The IUWCM consists of two components: (1) a physically based model for extensive green roofs integrated within a one-dimensional numerical hydrological-hydraulic catchment model linked with (2) an optimization-based model describing the operation of the downstream, stormwater-fed reservoir. The event-based hydrological performance of green roofs varied significantly throughout the simulation period with a median of about 5% and 12% for the catchment scale reduction of runoff volume and peak discharge (100% conversion of traditional roofs). The high variability and lower performance (with respect to temperate climates) are strongly related to the tropical weather and climatic conditions—e.g., antecedent dry weather period and maximum rainfall intensity. Average annual volume reductions were 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4% for the 25, 50, and 100% green roof scenarios, respectively. The reduction of the stormwater generated at the catchment level through green roof implementation had a positive impact on flood protection along Marina Reservoir shores and the energy costs encountered when operating the reservoir. Vice versa, the drinking water supply, which depends on the amount of available stormwater, decreased due to the evapotranspiration losses from green roofs. Better performance in terms of stormwater reuse could only be obtained by increasing the time of concentration of the catchment. This may be achieved through the combination of green roofs with other LID structures.
18 Smith, C. J.; Oster, J. D.; Sposito, G. 2015. Potassium and magnesium in irrigation water quality assessment. Agricultural Water Management, 157:59-64. (The Jim Oster Special Issue) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.09.003]
Irrigation water ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water quality ; Assessment ; Potassium ; Magnesium ; Sodium ; Soil hydraulic properties ; Hydraulic conductivity / USA / Australia / California
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047500)
(0.51 MB)
There is a growing trend of K replacing Na in wastewaters from agricultural industries to reduce the adverse effects of irrigation with these waters on soil hydraulic properties. However, problems with soil physical properties caused by wastewaters with high concentrations of K have been reported in both Australia and California. A review of the literature dating back to the 1930s supports the general conclusion that the relative order of deleterious effect on soil hydraulic properties of the four common cations in soils is Na >K> Mg > Ca. This paper explores the capabilities of the Cation Ratio of Structural Stability (CROSS), a generalized Sodium Adsorption Ratio incorporating all four cations, as an improved irrigation water quality parameter. This new parameter includes a coefficient for K that accounts for its relative deleterious effect as compared with Na and another coefficient for Mg that accounts for its relative beneficial effect as compared with Ca. Based on optimizing CROSS using threshold electrolyte concentration data for a Sodosol from the Riverina Region of Australia, the deleterious effect of K is estimated to be about one-third of that of Na, while the concentration of Mg needs to be about an order of magnitude larger than Ca to have the same beneficial effect.
19 Knowling, M. J.; Werner, A. D. 2016. Estimability of recharge through groundwater model calibration: insights from a field-scale steady-state example. Journal of Hydrology, 540:973-987. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.07.003]
Groundwater recharge ; Models ; Calibration ; Estimation ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Aquifers ; Pumping ; Coastal area ; Spatial distribution ; Discharges / South Australia / Uley Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047639)
(2.66 MB)
The ability of groundwater models to inform recharge through calibration is hampered by the correlation between recharge and aquifer parameters such as hydraulic conductivity (K), and the insufficient information content of observation datasets. These factors collectively result in non-uniqueness of parameter estimates. Previous studies that jointly estimate spatially distributed recharge and hydraulic parameters are limited to synthetic test cases and/or do not evaluate the effect of non-uniqueness. The extent to which recharge can be informed by calibration is largely unknown for practical situations, in which complexities such as parameter heterogeneities are inherent. In this study, a systematic investigation of recharge, inferred through model calibration, is undertaken using a series of numerical experiments that include varying degrees of hydraulic parameter information. The analysis involves the use of a synthetic reality, based on a regional-scale, highly parameterised, steady-state groundwater model of Uley South Basin, South Australia. Parameter identifiability is assessed to evaluate the ability of parameters to be estimated uniquely. Results show that a reasonable inference of recharge (average recharge error 100 K values across the 129 km2 study area). The introduction of pumping data into the calibration reduces error in both the average recharge and its spatial variability, whereas submarine groundwater discharge (as a calibration target) reduces average recharge error only. Nonetheless, the estimation of steady-state recharge through inverse modelling may be impractical for real-world settings, limited by the need for unrealistic amounts of hydraulic parameter and groundwater level data. This study provides a useful benchmark for evaluating the extent to which field-scale groundwater models can be used to inform recharge subject to practical data-availability limitations.
20 Owusu, Seth; Cofie, Olufunke O.; Osei-Owusu, P. K.; Awotwe-Pratt, V.; Mul, Marloes L. 2017. Adapting aquifer storage and recovery technology to the flood-prone areas of northern Ghana for dry-season irrigation. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 35p. (IWMI Working Paper 176) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2017.214]
Aquifers ; Water storage ; Water acquisitions ; Water use ; Waterlogging ; Water drilling ; Water quality ; Groundwater extraction ; Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater recharge ; Floodplains ; Dry season ; Artificial recharge ; Irrigation systems ; Irrigation methods ; Filtration ; Environmental impact ; Socioeconomic environment ; Land use ; Sloping land ; Soil properties ; Soil types ; Geology ; Hydrological factors ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Food security ; Farmers ; Farmland ; Seasonal cropping ; Crop production ; Local communities ; Costs / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048222)
(763 KB)
The Bhungroo Irrigation Technology (BIT) is a system designed to infiltrate excess ‘standing’ floodwater to be stored underground and abstracted for irrigation during the dry season. The system was developed in India and piloted in three sites in northern Ghana. This paper documents the implementation of BIT, the operating principles and criteria for selecting appropriate sites for the installation of such systems, as well as the potential benefits complementing existing irrigation systems in Ghana. Essential requirements for the installation of BIT include biophysical features such as land-use type, soil type, surface hydrology and slope of the terrain. The hydrogeological characteristics of the subsoil are also vital, and must exhibit high storage capacity and potential for groundwater accessibility. To be profitable and generate benefits for farmers, the technology needs to be situated in close proximity to markets and must have public acceptance.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
