Your search found 12 records
1 1979. US National report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1979-1982: Contributions in hydrology. Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union. pp.697-776.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 551.48 G480 USN Record No: H011431)
2 Statham, I. 1977. Earth surface sediment transport: Contemporary problems in geography. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. 184p. : ill., tables 24 cm.
(Location: IWMI-SEA Call no: 551.303 G000 STA Record No: BKK-114)
3 Vouillamoz, J. M.; Chatenoux, B.; Baltassat, J. M.; Mathieu, F. 2006. Assessing groundwater resources in coastal area: a case study in Myanmar. In Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC). Sustainable development of water resources, water supply and environmental sanitation: 32nd WEDC International Conference, Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 13th - 17th November 2006. Preprints. Leicestershire, UK: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) pp.714-721.
Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Hydrology ; Geophysics ; Salinity ; Assessment ; Coastal area / Myanmar / North Rakhine State
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 WAT Record No: H041062)
4 Swarzenski, P. W.; Dulaiova, H.; Dailer, M. L.; Glenn, C. R.; Smith, C. G.; Storlazzi, C. D. 2013. A geochemical and geophysical assessment of coastal groundwater discharge at select sites in Maui and Oahu, Hawaii. In Wetzelhuetter, C. (Ed.). Groundwater in the coastal zones of Asia-Pacific. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.27-46. (Coastal Research Library Volume 7)
Geochemistry ; Geophysics ; Coastal area ; Groundwater ; Discharges ; Surface water ; Sea water ; Nutrients ; Ecosystems / USA / Hawaii / Maui / Oahu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.457 G570 WET Record No: H046327)
This chapter summarizes fieldwork conducted to derive new estimates of coastal groundwater discharge and associated nutrient loadings at select coastal sites in Hawai’i, USA. Locations for this work were typically identified based on pronounced, recent ecosystem degradation that may at least partially be attributable to sustained coastal groundwater discharge. Our suite of tools used to evaluate groundwater discharge included select U/Th series radionuclides, a broad spectrum of geochemical analytes, multi-channel electrical resistivity, and in situ oceanographic observations. Based on the submarine groundwater discharge tracer 222Rn, coastal groundwater discharge rates ranged from about 22–50 cm per day at Kahekili, a site in the Ka’anapali region north of Lahaina in west Maui, while at Black Point in Maunalua Bay along southern O’ahu, coastal groundwater discharge rates ranged up to 700 cm per day, although the mean discharge rate at this site was 60 cm per day. The water chemistry of the discharging groundwater can be dramatically different than ambient seawater at both coastal sites. For example, at Kahekili the average concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved silicate (DSi) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) were roughly 188-, 36-, and 106-times higher in the discharging groundwater relative to ambient seawater, respectively. Such data extend our basic understanding of the physical controls on coastal groundwater discharge and provide an estimate of the magnitude and physical forcings of submarine groundwater discharge and associated trace metal and nutrient loads conveyed by this submarine route.
5 Singh, S. C. 2013. Geophysical viewpoints for groundwater resource development and management in coastal tracts. In Wetzelhuetter, C. (Ed.). Groundwater in the coastal zones of Asia-Pacific. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.67-87. (Coastal Research Library Volume 7)
Geophysics ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater depletion ; Water resources ; Salt water intrusion ; Coastal area ; Aquifers ; Boreholes ; Hydrogeology ; Case studies / India / West Bengal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.457 G570 WET Record No: H046329)
Ever since the beginning of human civilization, people have settled along riverbanks and coasts. Throughout the world, the extent of coastal regions that have sustainable groundwater bodies is shrinking by the day. The problems that dominate in the use of such groundwater are depletion due to overdraft, and salinisation arising from pollution and/or sea water (saline) intrusion. Around the world, especially in regions with high population density, dynamic tube-well-irrigated agriculture and insufficient surface water, many consequences of the overdevelopment of groundwater are increasingly evident. The most common symptom is decline in water tables. In coastal areas, the most serious consequence of intensified pumping of groundwater for irrigation is saline ingress into coastal aquifers. All these problems will impair the region’s water supply capacity and its ability to meet the demand from its growing population. One of the most serious side-effects caused by groundwater depletion is saline intrusion in coastal aquifers like those in Egypt, Turkey, China and India. Thus the need for sustainable groundwater development warrants detailed mapping of the saline-fresh groundwater interface and monitoring of salt water ingress. In this respect, geophysical investigations can help in the assessment of sub-surface hydrogeological conditions and optimization of the number and location of boreholes to be drilled for sustainable water resource development in any particular coastal area. Use of such techniques is quite economical. The purpose of applying geophysics is to enable development of a picture of the variations in physical properties of the sub-surface horizons and translate them subjectively into a profile of the hydrogeological situation. While surface geophysical techniques help to define the negative and positive areas before taking up the drilling programme, post-drilling down-hole geophysical logging enables identification of the depth zones minutely, confirmation of the hydrogeological characterization and specific emplacement of the cement seals in the boreholes to avoid mixing of groundwaters of different qualities by vertical flow. Geophysical logging techniques also help in deciphering the regional as well as local geometry of the aquifers and the direction of groundwater flow in them, as well as in monitoring variations in water quality. No single geophysical discipline or technique seems to be able to provide the wide range of data required to unravel enigmatic sub-surface hydrogeological conditions. When such unravelling is needed, subjective integration of the results from different techniques becomes essential to minimize ambiguity and make the exploration relatively foolproof. It should also be noted that geophysical exploration in coastal, areas demands a greater level of accuracy in data acquisition and interpretation than similar exploratory work inland. In such areas, resistivity methods face limitations such as the development of very low potential, transition in resistivity with depth, suppression of thin layers with intermediate resistivity values and severe ambiguity in layer parameters, because of the equivalence. In spite of this, the resistivity method has found wide application in coastal areas, mainly in the assessment groundwater quality. Reliability in estimating layer parameters is enhanced if the resistivity method is supplemented with seismic, induced polarization, electromagnetic and/or other geophysical techniques. A detailed geophysical case study from West Bengal in India is presented below. The geophysical inferences concerning coastal hydrogeological conditions, their scope in defining the zones prone to sea water encroachment and the potential areas of groundwater development are highlighted in the text.
6 Duerrast, H.; Srattakal, J. 2013. Geophysical investigations of saltwater intrusion into the coastal groundwater aquifers of Songkhla city, southern Thailand. In Wetzelhuetter, C. (Ed.). Groundwater in the coastal zones of Asia-Pacific. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.155-175. (Coastal Research Library Volume 7)
Geophysics ; Salt water intrusion ; Coastal area ; Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Boreholes ; Surveys / Thailand / Songkhla
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.457 G570 WET Record No: H046332)
Saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers is an emerging problem for many cities located along coastlines as they are dealing with an increase in the population numbers. The Bo Yang District of Songkhla Province, comprising the City of Songkhla, one of the main provincial capitals in Southern Thailand, is facing a similar problem, although it is already decades old. The city, abound 10 km2 in area, is bounded to the east by the Gulf of Thailand and to the west by the seasonal saline Lower Songkhla Lake. Geophysical investigations were carried out in order to delineate the saltwater intrusion utilizing widely available equipment. Four seismic refraction and 6 seismic reflection survey lines were acquired, as well as 12 vertical electrical sounding surveys were done mainly in the northern and western part of the city. All methods require several 100 m long straight lines with ground access. In the densely populated city these were mainly found along streets, on football fields, at the beaches, and also on a military airfield. Additionally, data from seven drilling locations provided lithology data, mainly shallow boreholes. Further, for several wells screen depth intervals, chloride and total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations were known. From all available results three cross sections were drawn, two in EW direction perpendicular to the beaches and one in approximately NS direction crossing the city. In each of the cross sections four main resistivity layers were outlined. A near surface higher resistivity layer can be related to top soil or beach sand. The second later shows medium resistivity values, comprising layers of sand and clay, partially saturated from rainwater infiltration. The related groundwater of this unconfined aquifer has relatively low TDS values. The third layer has resistivity values of about 2–20 Om with TDS values of the groundwater of about 2,300–8,200 mg/L. This resistivity layer also comprises different geological layers, sand, clay and gravel layers, likely with brackish to saline water. The fourth resistivity layer shows resistivity values in general around 140 Om. For this layer no TDS are available, but the higher resistivity values indicate sand and gravel sediments with minor clay layers and saturated with freshwater. However, no further information is available for this layer. The cross sections further show that the subsurface layers show some topography which is likely to be related to hard rock outcrops, in the south there are granite hills, whereas in the northern part hornfels hills separate the aquifers. For any further groundwater development deeper boreholes into the third resistivity layer might yield the desired freshwater. This process must ensure that during any exploration and exploitations efforts the deeper aquifer is not contaminated by the saltwater intrusion into the second aquifer. However, since some decades a pipeline from a reservoir further south in Songkhla Province is supplying the people in Bo Yang District with tap water.
7 Sreedevi, P. D.; Sarah, S.; Alam, F.; Ahmed, S.; Chandra, S.; Pavelic, Paul. 2015. Investigating geophysical and hydrogeological variabilities and their impact on water resources in the context of meso-watersheds. In Reddy, V. R.; Syme, G. J. (Eds.). Integrated assessment of scale impacts of watershed intervention: assessing hydrogeological and bio-physical influences on livelihoods. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. pp.57-83.
Geophysics ; Hydrogeology ; Water resources ; Watersheds ; Groundwater recharge ; Water storage ; Water levels ; Aquifers ; Artificial recharge ; Rain ; Surveys / India / Andhra Pradesh / VajralavankaeMaruvavanka Watershed / Peethuruvagu Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046721)
(2.10 MB)
8 Reddy, V. R.; Syme, G. J. (Eds.) 2015. Integrated assessment of scale impacts of watershed intervention: assessing hydrogeological and bio-physical influences on livelihoods. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. 432p.
Watershed management ; Water resources ; Hydrogeology ; Geophysics ; Models ; Assessment ; Living standards ; Rainfed farming ; Social impact ; Economic impact ; Drought resistance ; Stakeholders ; Farmers ; Artificial recharge ; Groundwater ; Catchment areas ; Land management ; Sustainable development ; Households ; Indicators / India / Australia / Andhra Pradesh / West Bengal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.73 G000 RED Record No: H046881)
(0.71 MB)
9 Ahmed, S.; Alazard, M.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie; Boisson, A.; Jampani, Mahesh; Pavelic, Paul; Sonkamble, S. 2014. Conceptual model of flow and transport for a hard rock aquifer-Musi River microwatershed case study. Saph Pani Deliverable 3.2. [Project report of the Enhancement of Natural Water Systems and Treatment Methods for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in India (Saph Pani)] Vienna, Austria: Center for Environmental Management and Decision Support (CEMDS). 56p.
Water supply ; Water quality ; Water levels ; Watersheds ; Sustainability ; Aquifers ; Land use ; Land cover ; Surface water ; Geophysics ; Geology ; Rivers ; Discharges ; Pumping ; Groundwater ; Canal irrigation ; Pesticides ; Soils ; Rain ; Wastewater treatment ; Wastewater irrigation ; Monsoon climate ; Electrical conductivity ; Wells ; Case studies / India / Telangana / Musi River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046936)
https://zenodo.org/record/127160/files/Saph_Pani_D3.2_Conceptual_model_of_flow_and_transport_for_a_hard_rock_aquifer_Musi_River_microwatershed.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046936.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046936.pdf
(12.4 MB)
10 Sonkamble, S.; Wajihuddin, M.; Ahmed, S.; Jampani, M.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. 2017. Natural wetlands as energy efficient wastewater treatment systems: a pilot study from Hyderabad, India [Abstract Only] In Germany. Institute for Technology and Resources Management (ITT). (Ed.). Water Security and Climate Change Conference, Cologne, Germany, 18-21 September 2017. Book of abstracts. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Technology and Resources Management (ITT) pp.91.
Natural resources ; Wetlands ; Wastewater treatment ; Pollutants ; Urban areas ; Tomography ; Geophysics / India / Hyderabad
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048334)
Energy efficient wastewater treatment systems are the current environmental concerns which prompted for the applications of natural wetlands as efficient systems at urban areas. However, a detailed investigation is highly desired to determine the efficiency determining factors relevant to structure and functions of natural wetlands for enhanced wastewater treatment. In view of this the wastewater fed natural wetland is examined by hydro-geophysical means, to decipher i) the
effective depth of physico-chemical and microbial reactions, ii) the saturated zone thickness, and iii) hydrogeological attributes enhancing the wastewater quality at Hyderabad city, India. The wetland has been scanned using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to decipher its physical structure, and hydrogeological and biogeochemical investigations are performed to understand the dynamics. The low electrical resistivity ( =10.5-34.0 O-m) and moderate hydraulic conductivity (K=2.938 m/d) acquired for saturated zone (10–15 m depth), are found the wastewater enhancing parameters in the wetlands. Geophysically derived laterally constrained inversion (LCI) models explore the maximum saturated zone of wetland up to 25 m as an effective depth for pollutant removal mechanisms. It implies the proportionality between depth to bed rock (confining layer) and wetland efficiency. Further, the bio-geochemical scanning determines the bioremediation, sedimentation, adsorption, redox reactions and ion exchange processes as wetland functions for removing nutrients (77-97%), BOD (78%), COD (76%), and microbes (99.5-99.9%) load with the discharge Q=1812 m3d-1 of treated wastewater. Further, the wetland efficiency integrated with engineered interventions help develop various NTS models with different application scenarios, that are i) constructed wetlands, ii) minimized community wetlands, and iii) single outlet system, suitable for urban, peri-urban and rural areas, respectively. The socio-economic assessment, and farmer-consumers and stakeholders survey suggest that to test and use of wetland systems implementation as a policy guideline under sustainable water management.
effective depth of physico-chemical and microbial reactions, ii) the saturated zone thickness, and iii) hydrogeological attributes enhancing the wastewater quality at Hyderabad city, India. The wetland has been scanned using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to decipher its physical structure, and hydrogeological and biogeochemical investigations are performed to understand the dynamics. The low electrical resistivity ( =10.5-34.0 O-m) and moderate hydraulic conductivity (K=2.938 m/d) acquired for saturated zone (10–15 m depth), are found the wastewater enhancing parameters in the wetlands. Geophysically derived laterally constrained inversion (LCI) models explore the maximum saturated zone of wetland up to 25 m as an effective depth for pollutant removal mechanisms. It implies the proportionality between depth to bed rock (confining layer) and wetland efficiency. Further, the bio-geochemical scanning determines the bioremediation, sedimentation, adsorption, redox reactions and ion exchange processes as wetland functions for removing nutrients (77-97%), BOD (78%), COD (76%), and microbes (99.5-99.9%) load with the discharge Q=1812 m3d-1 of treated wastewater. Further, the wetland efficiency integrated with engineered interventions help develop various NTS models with different application scenarios, that are i) constructed wetlands, ii) minimized community wetlands, and iii) single outlet system, suitable for urban, peri-urban and rural areas, respectively. The socio-economic assessment, and farmer-consumers and stakeholders survey suggest that to test and use of wetland systems implementation as a policy guideline under sustainable water management.
11 Baumle, R.; Himmelsbach, T.; Noell, U. 2019. Hydrogeology and geochemistry of a tectonically controlled, deep-seated and semi-fossil aquifer in the Zambezi Region (Namibia). Hydrogeology Journal, 27(3):885-914. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-018-1896-x]
Groundwater flow ; Aquifers ; Hydrogeology ; Geochemistry ; Tectonics ; Remote sensing ; Geophysics ; Rain ; Temperature ; Palaeoclimatology ; Models / Africa South of Sahara / Namibia / Zambezi River / Lower Kalahari Aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049358)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10040-018-1896-x.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049358.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049358.pdf
(16.60 MB) (16.6 MB)
Recent exploration has revealed that deep-seated and large groundwater reservoirs in Africa’s intracontinental basins can be regarded as an additional strategic resource for supply of drinking water. The origin, genesis and recharge of these groundwater reservoirs, however, are still poorly understood. A multidisciplinary approach involving remote sensing, geophysical surveys and hydraulic investigations, as well as hydrochemical and isotope studies, was pursued to gain better insight into the genesis and the potential of a recently discovered lower Kalahari aquifer (LKA) located in the Zambezi Region (Namibia). The study shows that regional tectonic activity associated with the propagation of the Okavango Rift Zone had a tremendous impact on the drainage evolution and hydrogeological setting of the region. Furthermore, there is geomorphological evidence that the LKA—prior to tectonic subsidence and burial—was part of a paleochannel of the upper Zambezi River. Hydraulic continuity could be confirmed by geochemical evolution down the flow path. Cation exchange combined with dissolution of calcite progressively produces alkalinity and sodium and consumes calcium in the north–south direction. Comparison of stable isotope content of the LKA with modern rainfall indicates that the recharge occurred under cooler climate conditions. Analysis of 14C concentrations and 36Cl/Cl ratios show that the age of the groundwater exceeds 100 ka and is hence older than presumed. It is concluded that the assessment of the sedimentology, tectonic structures and geochemistry are key factors for understanding both the paleoclimatic and modern recharge processes of deep-seated aquifer systems.
12 Mehmood, Q.; Mehmood, W.; Awais, M.; Rashid, H.; Rizwan, M.; Anjum, L.; Muneer, M. A.; Niaz, Y.; Hamid, S. 2020. Optimizing groundwater quality exploration for irrigation water wells using geophysical technique in semi-arid irrigated area of Pakistan. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 11:100397. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100397]
Groundwater ; Water quality ; Irrigation water ; Tube wells ; Semiarid zones ; Geophysics ; Techniques ; Aquifers ; Pumping ; Hydrogeology ; Models / Pakistan / Punjab / Okara District / Indus Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049764)
(1.45 MB)
Geophysical method using vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique, in combination with borehole lithological data analysis was used to locate the subsurface layers containing good quality water in District Okara, Punjab Pakistan. Ten VES surveys (VES-1-10) were conducted by utilizing the Schlumberger electrode configuration. A calibrated model was developed for the study area by integrating the resistivity and lithological data. The model showed that the study area has three geoelectric layers below the water table with resistivities 50-100 O-m, 25-50 O-m and <25 O-m describing the good, marginal and poor quality water layers respectively. Integrated data analysis show that six sites (i.e., VES-1, VES-2, VES-3, VES-5, VES-7, & VES-10) have layers of good quality water at different depths. Out of these 6 sites, 3 sites (VES-3, VES-7 and VES-10) are suitable for installing the irrigation water wells in terms of water quality and potential while the remaining three sites (VES-1, VES-2 and VES-5) were not suitable due to shallow thickness of good quality aquifer. Three sites VES-3, VES-5 and VES-10 were selected for drilling in order to validate the modeled results, samples were collected from each 1.5–3.0 m depth for the laboratory analysis. The results showed that the resistivity data were in close agreement with the lithological data and VES-10 was most suitable for groundwater extraction. An Irrigation tube-well was installed at VES-10 and its quality was monitored for one year which showed successful supply of groundwater in terms of quality and potential.
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