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(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048369)
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(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048391)
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(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048924)
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(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048925)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049297)
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(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049498)
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7 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2019. IWMI Strategy 2019-2023: innovative water solutions for sustainable development. Summary. In Arabic. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 8p. (Also in English)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049499)
(252 KB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049917)
(7.33 MB) (7.33 MB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050249)
(2.78 MB) (2.78 MB)
Digital water transformation is often written about as though universally desirable and inevitable, capable of addressing the multifaceted socioecological challenges that water systems face. However, there is not widespread reflection on the complexities, tensions and unintended consequences of digital transformation, its social and political dimensions are often neglected. This article introduces case studies of digital water development, bringing examples of technological innovation into dialogue with literature and empirical research from across the social sciences. We examine how Big Data affects our observations of water in society to shape water management, how the Internet of Things becomes involved in reproducing unjust water politics, how digital platforms are entangled in the varied sociocultural landscape of everyday water use, and how opensource technologies provide new possibilities for participatory water governance. We also reflect on regulatory developments and the possible trajectories of innovation resulting from public-private sector interactions. A socially and politically informed view of digital water is essential for just and sustainable development, and the gap between industry visions of digital water and research within the social sciences is inhibitive. Thus, the analysis presented in this article provides a novel, pluralistic perspective on digital water development and outlines what is required for more inclusive future scholarship, policy and practice.
This article is categorized under: Human Water
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050625)
(2.64 MB) (2.64 MB)
Digital technologies enable small-scale farmers to reduce some constraints to participate in Agriculture Value Chains (AVCs). Small-scale farmers face significant challenges and barriers to adopting digital technology. This study contributes to the literature on digital development in three ways: present the economic, political, and social factors affecting digital adoption in the AVCs; highlight the implications for governance and institutional challenges;adds knowledge to the analytical value of the Choice Frameworkto study digital technology adoption. This paper after identifying more than 100 papers and articles, uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) aligned with Cooper’s [(2010). Research synthesis and meta-analysis: A step-by-step approach (5th ed.). Sage] approach to examine 52 articles published from 2014 to 2019, ultimately selecting the most relevant 36 studies. The study uses the Choice Framework that operationalizes the Capabilities Approach (CA) as a theoretical window for this research. Papers were classified into four different categories: economic; political; social factors; institutional/governance. The findings show: - the role of the state in governance and institutional support is critical to facilitate the collaboration and participation of different actors;-the importance to develop a comprehensive localized developmental implementation framework that can support the adoption of digital solutions to support small-scale farmers. Limitations for this study are highlighted and areas for further research are suggested.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051056)
(1.73 MB) (1.73 MB)
CONTEXT: Innovation based on information and communication technology (ICT) plays an increasingly important role in agricultural research-for-development efforts. It has been recognized, however, that the weak adoption and low impact of many ICT-for-agriculture (ICT4Ag) efforts are partly due to poor design. Often, design was driven more by technological feasibility than by a thorough analysis of the target group's needs and capacities. For more user-centered ICT4Ag development, there is now growing interest in the use of systematic, participatory design methodologies.
OBJECTIVE: Numerous methodologies for participatory design exist, but applying any of them in smallholder farming context can create specific challenges that digital development researchers need to deal with. This article aims to support future digital development efforts by contributing practical insights to recent discussions on the use of participatory design methodologies for ICT4Ag development.
METHODS: We present lessons learned from practical experiences within participatory design projects that developed ICT4Ag solutions in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Based on these experiences and supported by literature, we describe common challenges and limitations that digital designers may face in practice, and discuss possible opportunities for dealing with them.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of digital design projects within research-for-development efforts can be affected by tensions between design ideals and project realities. These tensions may relate to, among others, mismatching expectations among project stakeholders, top-down hierarchies at design partners, insufficient attention to the wider digital ecosystem, and disincentives to re-use ideas and software. Depending on project context, these challenges may need to be addressed by researchers during planning and implementation of digital design projects.
SIGNIFICANCE: The insights in this article may support agricultural development researchers in facilitating more effective participatory design processes. Even though good design is not the only precondition for a successful ICT4Ag service, this can help create more meaningful digital innovation for agricultural development.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051061)
(7.72 MB) (7.72 MB)
Many parts of the world are increasingly experiencing the effects of climate change, making climate adaptation of rural livelihoods crucial to secure social and economic resilience. While the past two decades have witnessed a significant evolution in climate adaptation policy, evaluating the impact of climate science on policy has remained a challenge. This study employs the Digital Methods epistemology to explore the dynamics of agriculture-focused climate science and changes in attitude towards Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and climate change, using the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) as a case study. By considering online networks and narratives as evidence of “offline” influence, it effectively repurposes publicly available data from digital sources such as social media and websites by employing text mining and social network analysis to assess the influence and reach of the program among stakeholder at various levels. Results show that CCAFS has supported increased public awareness of CSA; that it actively engages with key actors within a network of stakeholders with more than 60 thousand members; that it has positively shifted the debate on climate adaptation among strategic partners through increased message alignment and space in the policy agenda; and that the program’s reach is potentially amplified to 5.8 M users on Twitter.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051155)
(0.32 MB) (332 KB)
Climate change and associated extreme weather events directly impact the functioning and sustainability of food systems. The increasingly erratic onset of seasonal rainfall and prolonged heat stress during growing seasons are already causing crop losses. As of late 2021, for example, Madagascar’s three successive seasonal droughts had put 1.35 million people at risk of the world’s first climate-change-induced famine. In the United States, the number of days between billion-dollar weather-related disasters has fallen from more than 80 in the 1980s to just 18 in recent years. Without adequate preparation, these weather hazards disrupt food supply chains by interrupting production and cause problems farther along these chains by raising costs and prices of processing, storage, transport, retail, and consumption and reducing business revenues.
14 Brasil, J. A. T.; de Macedo, M. B.; de Oliveira, T. R. P.; Ghiglieno, F. G.; de Souza, V. C. B.; e Silva, G. M.; Junior, M. N. G.; de Souza, F. A. A.; Mendiondo, E. M. 2022. Can we scale Digital Twins of nature-based solutions for stormwater and transboundary water security projects?. Journal of Hydroinformatics, 16p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2022.142]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051132)
(0.66 MB) (676 KB)
Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are presented as an alternative and decentralized solutions with different application scales for problems addressed to urban expansion as water quality reduction and floods. The usage of control strategies and mathematical modeling techniques has shown promising results for optimizing hydraulic and water treatment processes. The Digital Twins (DT) as process integration technology are widely used in industry, and recently these technique usages in urban water systems are showing effective results in both management and planning. However, there is a lack of proper literature definition for DT applied to NbS, especially for stormwater and transboundary water security projects. Thus, this paper sought through a literature review to access the existing conceptual challenges and the DT definition as a framework, identify how the mathematical modeling reported in the literature can improve the DT development, and evaluate the potential benefits associated with the application of DT in NbS.
15 Joshi, P. K.; Varshney, D. 2022. Agricultural technologies in India: a review. Mumbai, India: National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). Department of Economic Analysis and Research. 66p. (NABARD Research and Policy Series 5/2022)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051316)
(6.17 MB) (6.17 MB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051404)
(1.71 MB)
CONTEXT: Digitalisation impacts value creation and capture in all industries economic sectors. One of the somewhat less researched and less well-understood contexts is agriculture.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the impacts of digitalisation on value creation through four dimensions of the value chain – activities, flows, actors and governance – and analyse the implications of these changes for value capture.
METHODS: We conducted a case study on the upstream section of a farm's value chain, including the most relevant actors, and complemented it with secondary data from papers and gray literature.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We found two important impacts: (i) value creation occurs increasingly through platforms operated by big players beyond the industry boundaries, and (ii) value capture by farmers depends on the competitive dynamics among these players, and on policies and regulations.
SIGNIFICANCE: The study addresses the four dimensions of the agricultural value chain, allowing a deeper understanding of its digital transformation. The paper also contributes to knowledge about the evolution of the industries involved by discussing the competitive dynamics. These views are relevant to guiding the strategic decisions of suppliers, farmers and policymakers.
17 Wade, M.; Kaizer, A.; McNeil, T.; O’Brien, G. 2022. Digital technology to construct 3D hydrodynamic models for monitoring environmental flows. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Digital Innovation. 15p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051645)
(1.18 MB)
To support the implementation of environmental flows (e-flows), we piloted a three-dimensional digital modeling approach to monitor the changes in river ecosystems. A high-resolution 3D model of study sites in the Crocodile River, South Africa, was constructed and used to test its utility and value to monitor changes in river ecosystem structure over time. The initial demonstration of the approach shows highly detailed 3D models of nine tracks across the study sites. The output represents the velocity-depth and bathymetry variability of each site in 3D. The dataset successfully demonstrated the potential value of adopting the approach for e-flow implementation to monitor the habitat dynamism to support the timely management of river health. In the next phase, this assessment will integrate the 3D modeling approach into a hydrodynamic modeling framework to investigate dynamic relationships between flow-ecosystem and ecosystem services.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051789)
(2.22 MB) (2.22 MB)
CONTEXT: Narratives dominate the agricultural discourse that digitalisation is the ‘silver bullet’ to agricultural, environmental, and global issues, resulting in an external push towards automation and a rapid increase in digital technologies in the sector. Concentrated productivist views and techno-optimist hype and momentum is carrying us briskly towards a digital farming revolution, with little conversation or consideration of the social impacts of digitalisation. The application of social science research to digital agriculture is relatively new and the pace at which it has been developing to keep up with digital advances in the sector has left this body of literature scattered and lacking sufficient overview.
OBJECTIVE: To address this, a scoping study was conducted on social and behavioural science literature related to digital agriculture.
METHODS: This scoping study, which incorporates 200 references, pays particular attention to stakeholder engagement and how agricultural digitalisation has been developing. This methodology enables us to provide an extensive overview of this field of research, presenting key themes pertaining to the literature including barriers and facilitators of, as well as anticipated positive and negative impacts of digital technology adoption.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We find that whilst there has been a general win-win, techno-positive narrative in the agricultural sector, proof of these benefits is limited and some technologies are eliciting negative effects to its users, transforming the landscape of agriculture.
19 Malambo, M.; Tembo, M. C.; Chapoto, A.; Matchaya, Greenwell; Kasoma-Pele, Winnie; Aheeyar, Mohamed; Ebrahim, Girma; Ajayi, O. C.; Afun-Ogidan, K.; Fakudze, Bhekiwe. 2023. Digital adaptation in agriculture profile for Zambia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Rotterdam, Netherlands: Global Center on Adaptation; Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire: African Development Bank. 74p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052084)
(5.74 MB) (5.74 MB)
20 Mayoyo, A.; Chapoto, A.; Matchaya, Greenwell; Aheeyar, Mohamed; Chiwunze, G.; Ebrahim, Girma; Ajayi, O. C.; Afun-Ogidan, K.; Fakudze, Bhekiwe; Kasoma-Pele, Winnie. 2023. Digital climate adaptation in agriculture profile for Zimbabwe. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Rotterdam, Netherlands: Global Center on Adaptation; Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire: African Development Bank. 74p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052085)
(2.67 MB) (2.67 MB)
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