Your search found 10 records
1 Konradsen, F.; Matsuno, Y.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; van der Hoek, W. 1998. Anopheles culicifacies breeding in Sri Lanka and options for control through water management. Acta Tropica, 71:131-138.
Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors ; Anopheles culicifacies ; Public health ; Control methods ; Water management ; Environmental effects ; Reservoir operation ; Irrigation canals ; Water measurement / Sri Lanka / Anuradhapura District / Mahameegaswewa Village / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G744 KON Record No: H023568)
2 Matsuno, Y.; Konradsen, F.; Tasumi, M.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Amerasinghe, P. H. 1999. Control of malaria mosquito breeding through irrigation water management. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 15(1/2):93-105.
Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Waterborne diseases ; Reservoirs ; Water balance ; Models ; Water management ; Irrigation management ; Data collection ; Analysis / Sri Lanka / Huruluwewa / Habarana / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H024207)
3 Panabokke, C. R. 2000. The small tank cascade systems of the Rajarata: Their setting, distribution patterns, and hydrography. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka. vi, 39p. Rear folder - Map - 1:250,000 scale - The hydrography of the Rajarata.
Tank irrigation ; Maps ; Watersheds ; River basins ; Environment ; History / Sri Lanka / Rajarata / Mahaweli Project / Kala Oya / Moderagam Ara / Malwathu Oya / Parangi Ara / Ma Oya / Mee Oya / Yan Oya / Koddikkaddi Ara / Pankulam Ara
(Location: IWMI-SA Call no: IIMI 631.7.1 G744 PAN Record No: H025637)
4 IIMI. SCOR Project. 1999. Shared Control of Natural Resources (SCOR) Project: Project completion report. xii, 160p.
Watersheds ; River basins ; Tanks ; Wells ; Water management ; Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Institutional development ; Non-governmental organizations / Sri Lanka / Nilwala Basin / Huruluwewa Basin / Mahaweli Ganga / Sigiri Oya Tank / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 333.91 G744 IIM Record No: H026860)
5 van der Hoek, W. 2001. Water management for malaria control: IWMI's malaria research in Sri Lanka. In Klinkenberg, E. (Ed.), Malaria risk mapping in Sri Lanka: Implications for its use in control - Proceedings of a workshop held at the International Water Management Institute, Colombo, 25 May 2001. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI. pp.15-19. (IWMI Working Paper 29)
Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors ; Control methods ; Risks ; Mapping ; GIS ; Water management / Sri Lanka / Huruluwewa / Yan Oya / Watersheds
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 616.9362 G744 KLI Record No: H029050)
6 Amerasinghe, F. P.; Konradsen, F.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Gunawardena, J. P. W.; Fonseka, K. T.; Jayasinghe, G. 2001. Small irrigation tanks as a source of malaria mosquito vectors: a study in north-central Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). v, 28p. (IWMI Research Report 057) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.062]
Watersheds ; Tank irrigation ; Rehabilitation ; Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors / Sri Lanka / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G744 AME Record No: H029424)
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Thousands of small irrigation reservoirs (tanks) exist in rice ecosystems in malarious regions of south Asia. The potential of these tanks to generate malaria-transmitting mosquitoes has not been adequately evaluated. Through a study of nine small irrigation tanks in north-central Sri Lanka, this report provides an assessment of the capacity of tanks to generate malaria and nuisance mosquitoes, factors that contribute to mosquito generation, and measures that could ameliorate the problem.
7 van der Hoek, W.; Konradsen, F.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Perera, D.; Piyaratne, M. K.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 2003. Towards a risk map of malaria for Sri Lanka: The importance of house location relative to vector breeding sites. International Journal of Epidemiology, 32(2):280-285.
Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors ; Risks ; Villages / Sri Lanka / Anuradhapura District / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 616.9362 G744 VAN Record No: H030983)
Background: In Sri Lanka, the major malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies breeds in pools formed in streams and river beds and it is likely that people living close to such breeding sites are at higher risk of malaria than people living further away. This study was done to quantify the importance of house location relative to vector breeding sites for the occurrence of malaria in order to assess the usefulness of this parameter in future malaria risk maps. Such risk maps could be important tools for planning efficient malaria control measures. Methods -- In a group of seven villages in north central Sri Lanka, malaria cases were compared with community controls for distance from house to breeding sites and a number of other variables, including type of housing construction and use of anti-mosquito measures. The presence of An. culicifacies in bedrooms was determined by indoor insecticide spray collections.Results -- People living within 750 m of the local stream, which was the established vector-breeding site, were at much higher risk for malaria than people living further away (odds ratio adjusted for confounding by other variables 5.93, 95% CI: 3.50–8.91). Houses close to the stream also had more adult An. culicifacies in the bedrooms. Poor housing construction was an independent risk factor for malaria.Conclusions -- Risk maps of malaria in Sri Lanka can be based on the location of houses relative to streams and rivers that are potential breeding sites for the malaria vector An. culicifacies. A distance of 750 m is suggested as the cut-off point in defining low- and high-risk villages.
8 Klinkenberg, E. 2002. Flushing of a natural stream and canal in Yan Oya, Sri Lanka: An example of larval control. Proceedings of EHP Workshop on Larval Control, Kampala, Uganda, April 2002. 1p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G744 KLI Record No: H031919)
9 Boelee, Eline; Weerasinghe, A. K.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Piyaratne, M. K.; Perera , D.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 2005. Bulldozers against mosquitoes: Environmental management options for malaria control in North-Central Sri Lanka. [Abstract only]. Abstract from Fourth MIM Pan-African Malaria Conference 2005, New Strategies Against an Ancient Scourge, 13 - 18, November 2005, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 1p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 614.532 G744 BOE Record No: H039252)
In Sri Lanka, malaria is a major public health problem. In some of the remote areas, access to health care and protective measures is hard and larviciding is applied as a supplementary strategy. In the dry zone in North-Central Sri Lanka the main malaria vector responsible for epidemics is Anopheles culicifacies. It breeds in riverbed pools of natural streams such as Yan Oya, which is used as a conveyance canal for downstream irrigation, but not maintained as such. A critical stretch of Yan Oya was selected because of its vector breeding potential and clear association with malaria cases. Mosquito larval populations were monitored bi-weekly from 2000 till 2003; water levels twice a day. Hospital records were complemented with blood slides. In collaboration with the irrigation agency, environmental measures were developed and streambed profiles measured before and after intervention. In the dry season of late 2001 the streambed was cleared of fallen trees, rocks and other barricades, and leveled using heavy machinery and manual labor. Upstream reservoirs and hydraulic structures were repaired for better regulation of the water flow. Costs were shared between the irrigation agency and the project. Larvae of An. culicifacies and An. varuna were found at the stream margins before and after intervention at low flows. After intervention, larval abundance of An. varuna, a secondary malaria vector, increased at two of the sampling points, probably as a result of human activities upstream, such as the construction of temporary dams for irrigation. Natural precipitation and supplementary water releases from the upstream reservoirs increased the water level and reduced breeding levels down to a negligible level within two months. Abundance of An. culicifacies was recorded at very low levels throughout the post-intervention period. Low malaria incidence was reported for the year 2000, and no cases for 2001 and 2002, which might reflect the success of the intervention. However, overall malaria prevalence in the country was also low. Therefore a systematic long-term monitoring program is underway to assess the true impact of the control measures. More than three years after the intervention, the rehabilitated stretch is still visibly different from the untouched part. Additional benefits of the intervention included increased efficiencies of water delivery and reduction of floods in the wet season. Costs of environmental management like this are high for any health intervention, but benefits may stretch over several years and go beyond malaria control. Similar interventions appear feasible at streams elsewhere in South Asia.
10 Venkatachalam, A. J.; Price, A. R. G.; Chandrasekara, S.; Senaratna Sellamuttu, Sonali. 2009. Risk factors in relation to human deaths and other tsunami (2004) impacts in Sri Lanka: the fishers’-eye view. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 19:57-66. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.996]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041766)
This study examines the perceptions of 500 Sri Lankan fishers about influences on the outcome of the 2004 Asian tsunami. It is based upon analysis of questionnaire data on 13 natural environmental and development risk factors, in relation to human deaths and house damage (impact indicators).Mangroves, coral reefs and sand dunes afforded protection against tsunami damage (67–94% of fisher responses), as did housing and roads.Fishers overall believed rivers/estuaries, concave coastlines and hotels exacerbated impacts. However, a significantly greater proportion of fishers living within 100m of the coast reported that rivers/estuaries had a protective role than those living further inland. Rivers seemingly diverted ‘tsunami water’ far inland, where it overflowed and caused damage.Risk and damage are multi-faceted concepts and measurable in different ways. Findings are considered in the light of ecological studies and modelling, with special reference to mangroves, whose alleged protective role has become equivocal during post-tsunami research.Insights of fishers and other communities with intuitive knowledge add a valuable perspective to the understanding of natural disasters and environmental change. This approach is seen as complementary rather than an alternative approach to purely ‘scientific’ research.
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