Your search found 28 records
1 Vasiliev, O. F. 1998. Upstream/downstream conflicts about water resources and land use in river basins: The need for an integrated management approach. In Stockholm International Water Institute, Proceedings, Stockholm Water Symposium, Stockholm, August 10-13, 1998: Water - The key to socio-economic development and quality of life. Stockholm, Sweden: SIWI. pp.149-153.
River basins ; Land use ; Hydrology ; Water quality ; Watershed management / Russian Federation / Siberia / Aral Sea / Syr Darya River basin / Amu Darya River Basin / Tom River Basin / Yenisei River
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 STO Record No: H023914)
2 Abdullaev, Iskandar; Molden, David; Matyakubov, Bakhtyar. 2005. Best water conservation practices and their impact on water productivity in the Syr Darya River Basin. In Scientific maintenance as factor of sustainable development of water Management. Proceedings of International Conference, Kazakh Institute of Water Management, Kazakhstan, 20-21 October, 2005. pp.33-41.
River basins ; Water conservation ; Productivity ; Water balance ; Irrigated farming ; Best practices / Central Asia / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G570 ABD Record No: H037773)
3 Platonov, Alexander; Thenkabail, Prasad; Biradar, Chandrashekhar M.; Cai, Xueliang; Gumma, Murali Krishna; Dheeravath, Venkateswarlu; Cohen, Y.; Alchanatis, V.; Goldshlager, N.; Ben-Dor, E.; Vithanage, Jagath; Manthrithilake, Herath; Kendjabaev, S.; Isaev, S. 2008. Water productivity mapping (WPM) using Landsat ETM+ data for the irrigated croplands of the Syrdarya River Basin in Central Asia. Sensors, 8:8156-8180.
Water productivity ; Mapping ; Remote sensing ; Water use ; Crops ; Productivity ; Crop yield ; Models ; Evapotranspiration ; Irrigated farming ; River basins / Central Asia / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041566)
The overarching goal of this paper was to espouse methods and protocols for water productivity mapping (WPM) using high spatial resolution Landsat remote sensing data. In a world where land and water for agriculture are becoming increasingly scarce, growing “more crop per drop” (increasing water productivity) becomes crucial for food security of future generations. The study used time-series Landsat ETM+ data to produce WPMs of irrigated crops, with emphasis on cotton in the Galaba study area in the Syrdarya river basin of Central Asia. The WPM methods and protocols using remote sensing data consisted of: (1) crop productivity (ton/ha) maps (CPMs) involving crop type classification, crop yield and biophysical modeling, and extrapolating yield models to larger areas using remotely sensed data; (2) crop water use (m3/ha) maps (WUMs) (or actual seasonal evapotranspiration or actual ET) developed through Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model; and (3) water productivity (kg/m3) maps (WPMs) produced by dividing raster layers of CPMs by WUMs. The SSEB model calculated WUMs (actual ET) by multiplying the ET fraction by reference ET. The ET fraction was determined using Landsat thermal imagery by selecting the “hot” pixels (zero ET) and “cold” pixels (maximum ET). The grass reference ET was calculated by FAO Penman-Monteith method using meteorological data. The WPMs for the Galaba study area demonstrated a wide variations (0-0.54 kg/m3) in water productivity of cotton fields with overwhelming proportion (87%) of the area having WP less than 0.30 kg/m3, 11% of the area having WP in range of 0.30-0.36 kg/m3, and only 2% of the area with WP greater than 0.36 kg/m3. These results clearly imply that there are opportunities for significant WP increases in overwhelming proportion of the existing croplands. The areas of low WP are spatially pin-pointed and can be used as focus for WP improvements through better land and water management practices.
4 Biradar, C. M.; Thenkabail, Prasad S.; Platonov, Alexander; Xiao, X.; Geerken, R.; Noojipady, P.; Turral, H.; Vithanage, Jagath. 2008. Water productivity mapping methods using remote sensing. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 2(1):023544. 22p. (Published online only)
Water productivity ; Mapping ; Remote sensing ; Vegetation index ; Evapotranspiration ; Wheat ; Rice ; Cotton ; Irrigated farming / Central Asia / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041669)
The goal of this paper was to develop methods and protocols for water productivity mapping (WPM) using remote sensing data at multiple resolutions and scales in conjunction with field-plot data. The methods and protocols involved three broad categories: (a) Crop Productivity Mapping (CPM) (kg/m2); (b) Water Use (evapotranspiration) Mapping (WUM)(m3/m2); and (c) Water Productivity Mapping (WPM) (kg/m3). First, the CPMs were determined using remote sensing by: (i) Mapping crop types; (ii) modeling crop yield; and (iii) extrapolating models to larger areas. Second, WUM were derived using the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model. Finally, WPMs were produced by dividing CPMs and WUMs. The paper used data from Quickbird 2.44m, Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Resoursesat-1 23.5m, Landsat-7 30m, and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250m and 500m, to demonstrate the methods for mapping water productivity (WP). In terms of physical water productivity (kilogram of yield produced per unit of water delivered), wheat crop had highest water productivity of 0.60 kg/m3 (WP), followed by rice with 0.5 kg/m3, and cotton with 0.42 kg/m3. In terms of economic value (dollar per unit of water delivered), cotton ranked highest at $ 0.5/m3 followed by wheat with $ 0.33/m3 and rice at $ 0.10/m3. The study successfully delineated the areas of low and high WP. An overwhelming proportion (50+%) of the irrigated areas were under low WP for all crops with nly about 10% area in high WP.
5 Karimov, Akmal; Mavlonov, A.; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Turral, Hugh; Inna, G. 2009. Groundwater development in Fergana Valley: the adaptation strategy for changed water management in Syrdarya basin. In Bloschl, G.; van de Giesen, N.; Muralidharan, D.; Ren, L.; Seyler, F.; Sharma, U.; Vrba, J. (Eds.). Improving integrated surface and groundwater resources management in a vulnerable and changing world: proceedings of Symposium JS.3 at the Joint Convention of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) and the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), Hyderabad, India, 6-12 September 2009. Wallingford, UK: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). 6p. (IAHS Publication 330)
Groundwater irrigation ; Aquifers ; Simulation models ; Groundwater recharge ; Conjunctive use ; Canals ; River basin management ; Hydrology ; Water budget / Central Asia / Fergana Valley / Syr Darya River Basin / Toktogul Reservoir / Sokh Aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042314)
(0.38 MB)
During the last decade, the competition for water between the hydropower-oriented upstream and irrigated agriculture-centred downstream in the Syrdarya River basin, Central Asia, has significantly increased. Since 1993, 2–3 km3 of winter flows from hydropower generation in the upstream have flowed annually into the saline depression of Arnasai located in the midstream. This results in much less water being available for irrigation during summer. Groundwater development modelling conducted for one of the Fergana Valley’s aquifers suggests that temporary storage of winter flows in the aquifer – “water banking” – could be an effective adaptive strategy to optimize water management in the basin. The study concludes that a shift from canal to groundwater irrigation, combined with winter-flow banking can effectively reduce the upstream–downstream pressures and ensure improved water supply for downstream water uses during summer time.
6 Cai, Xueliang; Thenkabail, P. S.; Biradar, C. M.; Platonov, Alexander; Gumma, Murali Krishna; Dheeravath, V.; Cohen, Y.; Goldlshleger, F.; Ben-Dor, E.; Alchanatis, V.; Vithanage, Jagath; Anputhas, Markandu. 2009. Water productivity mapping using remote sensing data of various resolutions to support more crop per drop. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 3(033557). 23p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3257643]
Water productivity ; Crops ; Water use ; Evapotranspiration ; Mapping ; Remote sensing ; Models / Central Asia / Kyrgyzstan / Tajikistan / Uzbekistan / Kazakhstan / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042408)
(4.07 MB)
The overarching goal of this research was to map crop water productivity using satellite sensor data at various spectral, spatial, radiometric, and temporal resolutions involving: (a) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 500m, (b) MODIS 250m, (c) Landsat enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) 60m thermal, (d) Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) 23.5 m, and (e) Quickbird 2.44 m data. The spectro-biophysical models were developed using IRS and Quickbird satellite data for wet biomass, dry biomass, leaf area index, and grain yield for 5 crops: (a) cotton, (b) maize, (c) winter wheat, (d) rice, and (e) alfalfa in the Sry Darya basin, Central Asia. Crop-specific productivity maps were developed by applying the best spectro-biophysical models for the respective delineated crop types. Water use maps were produced using simplified surface energy balance (SSEB) model by multiplying evaporative fraction derived from Landsat ETM+ thermal data by potential ET. The water productivity (WP) maps were then derived by dividing the crop productivity maps by water use maps. The results of cotton crop, an overwhelmingly predominant crop in Central Asian Study area, showed that about 55% area had low WP of < 0.3 kg/m3, 34% had moderate WP of 0.3-0.4 kg/m3, and only 11% area had high WP > 0.4 kg/m3. The trends were similar for other crops. These results indicated that there is highly significant scope to increase WP (to grow "more crop per drop") through better water and cropland management practices in the low WP areas, which will substantially enhance food security of the ballooning populations without having to increase: (a) cropland areas, and\or (b) irrigation water allocations.
7 Falkenmark, M.; de Fraiture, Charlotte; Vick, M. J. 2009. Global change in four semi-arid transnational river basins: analysis of institutional water sharing preparedness. Natural Resources Forum, 33:310-319.
River basin management ; Watercourses ; International waters ; Water security ; Agreements ; Climate change ; Water scarcity ; Water shortage ; Water requirements ; Water use / Central Asia / Turkey / Amu Darya River Basin / Syr Darya River Basin / Nile River Basin / Euphrates River Basin / Tigris River Basin / Niger River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042661)
(0.21 MB)
Climate change has exacerbated concerns about water security. The authors stress the need for countries in basins where populations are growing to anticipate the water shortage implications for food production. The paper analyses the future status of the interdependence among riparian states in four semi-arid transnational basins under the climate change SRES A2 scenario and projected population growth with a focus on the potential for rainfed agriculture on current croplands and the requirements for irrigation water. Increasing water interdependence among basin states requires institutional preparedness and water sharing arrangements.We conclude that the inclusion of long-term trends in the design of water sharing agreements will improve their robustness to cope with change and mitigate the potential risk of conflict.
8 Gracheva, I.; Karimov, Akmal; Turral, Hugh; Miryusupov, F. 2009. An assessment of the potential and impacts of winter water banking in the Sokh aquifer, Central Asia. Hydrogeology Journal, 17(6):1471-1482. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0444-0]
Groundwater recharge ; Aquifers ; Models ; Groundwater irrigation ; Artificial recharge / Central Asia / Kyrgyzstan / Syr Darya River Basin / Sokh aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042681)
(0.59 MB)
The dynamics of artificial recharge of winter surface flows coupled with increased summer groundwater use for irrigation in the Sokh aquifer (Central Asia) have been investigated. Water release patterns from the giant Toktogul reservoir have changed, as priority is now given to hydropower generation in winter in Kyrgyzstan. Winter flows have increased and summer releases have declined, but the Syr Darya River cannot pass these larger winter flows and the excess is diverted to a natural depression, creating a 40 × 109m3 lake. A water balance study of all 18 aquifers feeding the Fergana Valley indicated the feasibility of winter groundwater recharge in storage created by summer abstraction. This modeling study examines the dynamics of the process in one aquifer over a 5-year period, with four scenarios: the current situation; increased groundwater abstraction of around 625 million (M) m3/year; groundwater abstraction with an artificial recharge of 144 Mm3/year, equivalent to the volume available in low flow years in the Sokh River; and with a larger artificial recharge of 268 Mm3/year, corresponding to high flow availability. Summer surface irrigation diversions can be reduced by up to 350 Mm3 and water table levels can be lowered.
9 Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Eshmuratov, D.; Bezborodov, G. 2011. Determining optimal groundwater table depth for maximizing cotton production in the Sardarya Province of Uzbekistan. Irrigation and Drainage, 60(2):241–252. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.568]
Cotton ; Simulation models ; Calibration ; Groundwater table ; Soil water content ; Water balance ; Irrigation practices ; Salinity ; Evapotranspiration / Uzbekistan / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H042963)
(0.32 MB)
Poor on-farm irrigation practices and rising groundwater table depths are the major reasons for low cotton yields in the Sardarya province of Uzbekistan. To ensure sustainability of cotton production in the area, precise calculations of irrigation requirements are needed to optimize crop yields and to keep groundwater table depth below the root zone to avoid soil salinization. To determine optimal groundwater table depth and irrigation amounts for the Sardarya province of Uzbekistan, the Soil–Water–Atmosphere–Plant (SWAP) model was used. SWAP was calibrated and validated using measured data from an experimental cotton field during the agricultural year of 2006 and 2007. The calibrated SWAP model was then used to simulate optimal groundwater table depth and irrigation amounts. The simulation results show that for the existing conditions in the study area, a groundwater table depth of approximately 200 cm together with an irrigation application of 2500m3 ha1 will be the most appropriate combination for optimal cotton yields ( 3.0 t ha1). However, to achieve maximum potential yields of cotton (5–6 t ha1), leaching of excessive salts from the root zone through freshwater application would be imperative. This would require rehabilitation of the existing drainage network in the area.
10 Wegerich, K. 2010. Handing over the sunset: external factors influencing the establishment of water user associations in Uzbekistan: evidence from Khorezm province. Gottingen, Germany: Cuvillier Verlag Gottingen. 169p.
River basin management ; Water user associations ; Land reform ; Privatization ; Policy ; Irrigation systems ; Water distribution ; Water allocation ; Political aspects ; Stakeholders ; Case studies / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Khorezm Province / Yangibazar District / Aral Sea / Amu Darya River Basin / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G782 WEG e-copy SF Record No: H043000)
(1.93 MB)
Recently, large-scale surface-water or canal irrigation systems have been termed ‘a sunset industry’ (Rijsberman 2003). Handing over this sunset industry by means of irrigation management transfer (IMT) policies and the creation of water user associations (WUAs) has three main objectives: to increase efficiency, equity, and empowerment. The Uzbek government, together with the international organizations, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), is currently promoting IMT and the creation of WUAs nationwide. The onset of the policy seemed to be a rational development since the former state and collective farms, which were also responsible for water management on their territories, were disintegrating, and new private farms were emerging rapidly. This study seeks to assess the potential of IMT policies by examining the broader physical, organizational, socio-economic, and political factors that might facilitate or hinder the main objectives of IMT and the creation of WUAs. These factors are addressed and analyzed separately through eight case study chapters that address questions on basin water management, the organizational capacities, and the socio-political dependencies of the district water management departments, the potential for multi-stakeholder platforms (MSPs), the politics of social network structures, and the process of land reforms. The study concludes that none of the external factors is conducive to the introduction of IMT policies and for creating WUAs. The implication is that IMT policies will not increase efficiency, equity, and empowerment, but could even worsen the water management situation. Furthermore, these policies will not increase the empowerment of either the WUAs or their members. Hence, under the current conditions, handing over the ‘sunset industry’ will not lead to a new sunrise for irrigation in Uzbekistan.
11 Wegerich, K. 2010. Handing over the sunset: external factors influencing the establishment of water user associations in Uzbekistan: evidence from Khorezm Province. Gottingen, Germany: Cuvillier Verlag Gottingen. 169p.
River basin management ; Water user associations ; Land reform ; Privatization ; Policy ; Irrigation systems ; Water distribution ; Water allocation ; Political aspects ; Stakeholders / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Khorezm Province / Yangibazar District / Aral Sea / Amu Darya River Basin / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G782 WEG c2 e-copy SF Record No: H043001)
Recently, large-scale surface-water or canal irrigation systems have been termed ‘a sunset industry’ (Rijsberman 2003). Handing over this sunset industry by means of irrigation management transfer (IMT) policies and the creation of water user associations (WUAs) has three main objectives: to increase efficiency, equity, and empowerment. The Uzbek government, together with the international organizations, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), is currently promoting IMT and the creation of WUAs nationwide. The onset of the policy seemed to be a rational development since the former state and collective farms, which were also responsible for water management on their territories, were disintegrating, and new private farms were emerging rapidly. This study seeks to assess the potential of IMT policies by examining the broader physical, organizational, socio-economic, and political factors that might facilitate or hinder the main objectives of IMT and the creation of WUAs. These factors are addressed and analyzed separately through eight case study chapters that address questions on basin water management, the organizational capacities, and the socio-political dependencies of the district water management departments, the potential for multi-stakeholder platforms (MSPs), the politics of social network structures, and the process of land reforms. The study concludes that none of the external factors is conducive to the introduction of IMT policies and for creating WUAs. The implication is that IMT policies will not increase efficiency, equity, and empowerment, but could even worsen the water management situation. Furthermore, these policies will not increase the empowerment of either the WUAs or their members. Hence, under the current conditions, handing over the ‘sunset industry’ will not lead to a new sunrise for irrigation in Uzbekistan.
12 Treffner, J.; Mioc, V.; Wegerich, Kai. 2010. International river basins. In Wegerich, Kai; Warner, J. (Eds.). The politics of water: a survey. London, UK: Routledge. pp.321-369.
River basins ; International waters ; River basin development ; River basin management ; International cooperation / Central Asia / USA / Mexico / Turkey / Syria / Iraq / India / South America / South East Asia / Australia / South Africa / Europe / Aral Sea / Amu Darya River Basin / Syr Darya River Basin / Rio Grande River Basins / Colorado River Basin / Tijuana River Basin / Danube River Basin / Euphrates River Basin / Tigris River Basin / Ganges River Basin / Brahmaputra River Basin / Meghna River Basin / Indus River Basin / Jordan River Basin / La Plata River Basin / Mekong River Basin / Murray-Darling / Nile River Basin / Okavango River Basin / Rhine River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 WEG, e-copy SF Record No: H043030)
13 Wegerich, Kai. 2010. Have your cake and eat it too: agenda-setting in Central Asian transboundary rivers. In Arsel, M.; Spoor, M. Water, environmental security and sustainable rural development: conflict and cooperation in Central Eurasia. London, UK: Routledge. pp.175-190.
River basin management ; International waters ; International cooperation ; Water allocation ; Organizations / Central Asia / Kazakhstan / Kyrgyzstan / Tajikistan / Turkmenistan / Uzbekistan / Amu Darya River Basin / Syr Darya River Basin / Zerafshan River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043140)
(3.13 MB)
14 Bezborodov, G. A.; Shadmanov, D. K.; Mirhashimov, R. T.; Yuldashev, T.; Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Noble, Andrew; Qadir, Manzoor. 2010. Mulching and water quality effects on soil salinity and sodicity dynamics and cotton productivity in Central Asia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 138(1-2):95-102. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.04.005]
Water scarcity ; Water quality ; Salinity ; Irrigation water ; Mulching ; Soil analysis ; Soil sampling ; Soil salinity ; Water productivity ; Cotton ; Yields ; Water conservation / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Syr-Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043366)
(0.66 MB)
Water scarcity and the predicted impact of climate change will necessitate the use of alternate available water resources in agriculture, such as saline water, to narrow the gap between demand and supply of freshwater. Saline water, in combination with freshwater or alone, is used to irrigate cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Central Asia in summer when there are often severe freshwater shortages. The use of saline water without appropriate management can result in the accumulation of salts in the root zone with associated negative impacts on crop productivity. The accumulation of salts in surface soil layers can be managed by reducing evaporation from the soil surface. A 3-year field study on a saline soil (ECe = 13.9 dSm-1; SAR = 3.1) in the Syr-Darya River Basin of Uzbekistan was undertaken to evaluate the effects of wheat straw mulching on alternate irrigation furrows (1.5 t ha-1) and different levels of irrigation water salinity (4.0, 6.2, and 8.3 dSm-1) on soil salinity and sodicity dynamics, cotton yield, and crop water productivity. Compared to the pre-experiment status in 2005, the average increase in salinity in the upper 0.15mlayer of post-cotton 2007 soil under mulching treatments was significantly less than the non-mulching treatments. On average, there was a 20% increase in surface soil salinity of the nonmulching treatments compared to the mulching treatments. These treatment differences were less with increasing soil depth. Similar trends were observed with respect to changes in soil SAR in the top soil and across the soil profile. Cotton yield and water productivity under mulching treatments were significantly greater than non-mulched treatments at a given irrigation water salinity level. In addition, cotton yields were up to 800 kg ha-1 higher and crop water productivity (lint + seed) up to 0.47 kgm-3 greater in the mulching treatments than the farmers’ managed fields with conventional practices in the same region. These results suggest that by using appropriate combinations of water quality and mulching, there could be substantial increase in crop yield and water productivity resulting in water savings of up to 0.5m3 for each kg of cotton produced. When translated on a broader scale, such water savings are significant in a region where freshwater supplies are constrained and salt-induced water quality deterioration is widespread.
15 Wegerich, Kai; Kazbekov, Jusipbek; Yakubov, Murat. 2010. Integration and disintegrating of small transboundary tributaries from the larger Syr Darya basin. [Abstract only] In Regional Research Network, Water in Central Asia (CAWa). International Scientific Symposium, Water in Central Asia, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 24-26 November 2010. Volume of abstracts. Tashkent, Uzbekistan: Regional Research Network, Water in Central Asia (CAWa) pp.78.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043470)
http://www.fp6.cawater-info.net/library/eng/2010_cawa_symposium_abstract_en.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043470.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043470.pdf
(0.03 MB)
16 Kazbekov, Jusipbek; Yakubov, Murat; Wegerich, Kai. 2010. Success and limitations of local cooperation on small transboundary rivers within the Ferghana Valley. [Abstract only] In Regional Research Network, Water in Central Asia (CAWa). International Scientific Symposium, Water in Central Asia, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 24-26 November 2010. Volume of abstracts. Tashkent, Uzbekistan: Regional Research Network, Water in Central Asia (CAWa) pp.72.
River basins ; International waters ; International cooperation / Central Asia / Ferghana Valley / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043471)
http://www.fp6.cawater-info.net/library/eng/2010_cawa_symposium_abstract_en.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043471.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043471.pdf
(0.04 MB)
17 Wegerich, Kai. 2011. Water resources in Central Asia: regional stability or patchy make-up? Central Asian Survey, 30(2):275-290. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2011.565231]
River basins ; International waters ; Water use ; Water allocation ; Irrigation management / Central Asia / Syr Darya River Basin / Amu Darya River Basin / Talas River Basin / Zerafshan River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043963)
(0.32 MB)
This article explores the cooperation after independence on four Central Asian transboundary rivers. The paper shows that, even though the Central Asian states agreed in 1992 to continue with the basic water-sharing principles, new agreements had to be made. New agreements were only made in basins with large-scale water-control infrastructure, which have transboundary significance or are transboundary themselves. The inequitable water allocation between the riparian states has continued and has not triggered new agreements.
18 Kijne, J. W. 2005. Aral Sea Basin initiative: towards a strategy for sustainable irrigated agriculture with feasible investment in drainage. Synthesis report. Rome, Italy: FAO. 72p.
Irrigated farming ; Lakes ; Investment ; Drainage ; Water resources ; Hydrology ; Soil salinity ; Monitoring ; River basins / Kazakhstan / Uzbekistan / Aral Sea Basin / Syr Darya River Basin / Amu Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.2 G000 KIJ Record No: H044220)
(0.65 MB) (662.29KB)
19 Wegerich, Kai; Kazbekov, Jusipbek; Lautze, Jonathan; Platonov, Alexander; Yakubov, Murat. 2012. From monocentric ideal to polycentric pragmatism in the Syr Darya: searching for second best approaches. International Journal of Sustainable Society, 4(1-2):113-130. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSSOC.2012.044669]
Water management ; River basin management ; Reservoirs ; Hydrology ; Institutions ; Water allocation ; Water use ; International waters ; Agricultural production / Central Asia / Kyrgyzstan / Uzbekistan / Tajikistan / Kazakhstan / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044659)
(1.32 MB)
While best practice in water management typically calls for the use of a basin-level approach, specific guidance in the absence of basin-level management is fairly scant. This paper reviews the experience of the Syr Darya basin to identify insights related to second best practices for water management at scales below the basin level. This paper first presents the causes for the disintegration of river basin management within the Syr Darya, which include both changes in operation of the Toktogul reservoir and rising water demands due to shifts in agricultural production and land ownership. Focus is then devoted specifically to small transboundary tributaries, where bottom-up cooperation has continued or reemerged in recent times. This paper concludes by highlighting the limitations to singular focus on sub-basins and tributaries, suggesting a balance between more intense cooperation and water control on tributaries and a loose overarching framework at the basin level.
20 Wegerich, Kai; Kazbekov, Jusipbek; Mukhamedova, Nozilakhon; Musayev, Sardorbek. 2012. Is it possible to shift to hydrological boundaries?: the Ferghana Valley meshed system. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 28(3):545-564. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2012.684316]
Water management ; Hydrology ; Irrigation systems ; River basins ; Case studies ; Maps ; Water user associations ; Catchment areas ; Valleys / Central Asia / Kyrgyzstan / Uzbekistan / Tajikistan / Ferghana Valley / Syr Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H044914)
(0.88 MB)
The management of water resources according to hydrological boundaries at different implementation levels (river basin, irrigation system, or water user association) is promoted internationally. This approach to water management, especially for the basin, is starting to be challenged from different perspectives: representation within basins, appropriateness for basins in the south, and the challenges of merging boundaries for surface and groundwater sources. It has been challenged only recently in relation to its appropriateness for indigenously constructed (informal) irrigation systems. To these critiques, this paper adds the historical development and originally intended purpose of engineered irrigation systems and therefore calls into question whether it is always possible to introduce hydrological boundary management in the formal systems in CentralAsia.
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