Your search found 5 records
1 Gunawardena, D. M.; Muthuwatta, L; Weerasingha, S.; Rajakaruna, J.; Udaya Kumara, W.; Senanayaka, T.; Kotta, P. K.; Wickremasinghe, A. R.; Carter, R.; Mendis, K. N. 1995. Spatial analysis of malaria risk in an endemic region of Sri Lanka. In de Savigny, D.; Wijeyaratne, P. (Eds.), GIS for health and the environment: Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Colombo, Sri Lanka, 5-10 September 1994. Ottawa, Canada: IDRC. pp.99-108.
Malaria ; Public health ; Waterborne diseases ; GIS ; Mapping ; Living conditions / Sri Lanka / Kataragama
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 006 G000 DES Record No: H017480)
2 Fernando, S. D.; Wickremasinghe, A. R. 2002. The clinical and epidemiological features of childhood malaria in a moderately endemic area of Sri Lanka. The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 33(4):671-677.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H032246)
3 Dissanayake, Priyanka; Smakhtin, Vladimir. 2007. Environmental and social values of river water: examples from the Menik Ganga, Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 15p. (IWMI Working Paper 121) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.304]
Rivers ; Ecosystems ; Wetlands ; Wildlife ; Fisheries ; Water allocation ; Water requirements ; Case studies ; Economic evaluation / Sri Lanka / Menik Ganga / Yala National Park / Yala Fishery Management Area / Pilinnawa Coastal Wetland / Kataragama
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 577.64 G744 DIS Record No: H040566)
(462KB)
Many decisions on water allocation in river basins are made on economic grounds. Environmental and social benefits of water should also be considered in river basin management, and attempts should be made to value them similarly. This is not a straightforward task and very few studies have directly addressed this issue to date. In this paper, the Menik Ganga (River) in southern Sri Lanka is used as a case study to attempt and evaluate the costs and benefits of environmental water allocations, referred to as ‘environmental flows’ (EF). In this study, a broad definition of EF is used: the components of EF evaluated include the requirements of the religious festival, the requirements of the Yala National Park, the requirements of the Pilinnawa Coastal Wetland and the requirements of the Yala Fishery Management Area, off the coast. Almost all estimates are based on use values of EF such as marketed goods and recreation. For some components multiple estimates have been attempted. The religious EF requirement is estimated using the cost of alternative water supplies. The benefits of the EF requirement for the Yala National Park are estimated using the forgone value of tourism in the dry season and the benefits of avoiding the Human-Elephant Conflict. The Additional expenditure for the park in the dry season is also presented as another proxy estimate of the benefits of EF. The Benefit Transfer method was used for the Pilinnawa Wetland and grassland due to data constraints. The market prices of lobster and income of chank divers are used as proxies for the economic benefits of EF to the Yala Fishery Management Area. Finally, the cumulative value of the individual components is presented and discussed. The paper intends to stimulate discussion and further research on the complex subject of valuing the social and environmental benefits of water – whether it is in the Menik Ganga, elsewhere in Sri Lanka or elsewhere in the world.
4 de Silva, A. 2014. Recall of malaria incidents as a measure of health attentiveness of women and men in rural Sri Lanka. Modern Sri Lanka Studies, 5(1-2),43-68.
Malaria ; Public health ; Waterborne diseases ; Rural areas ; Households ; Gender ; Role of women ; Men ; Disease control ; Social aspects / Sri Lanka / Kataragama
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047616)
(1.31 MB)
This paper reports on findings from a survey in Kataragama, Sri Lanka of the recalling of incidences of malaria. The survey was conducted in 1994, when the disease was endemic in the area. The findings were that females were better than males in recalling malaria incidents that had occurred during the previous three months. This paper argues that male/female differences in recalling malaria incidence are a consequence of the social construction of gender, particularly in relation to disease perception, caring for children, treatment seeking and preventive behaviours at the household level. The findings of this study have implications for malaria control programs, particularly at community and household levels. The paper concludes that the principal female in the household, who typically displays a high degree of attentiveness to health issues, could be effectively used for community and household disease control programs aimed at reducing the gap between the onset of the disease and treatment seeking as a means to contain the parasite reservoir of patients.
5 Mahendran, R.; Pathirana, S.; Piyatilake, I. T. S.; Perera, S. S. N.; Weerasinghe, M. C. 2020. Assessment of environmental variability on malaria transmission in a malaria-endemic rural dry zone locality of Sri Lanka: the wavelet approach. PLoS ONE, 15(2):e0228540. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228540]
Malaria ; Disease transmission ; Endemics ; Environmental factors ; Rural areas ; Arid zones ; Epidemiology ; Rivers ; Rain ; Humidity ; Models / Sri Lanka / Kataragama / Menik Ganga
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049856)
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0228540&type=printable
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049856.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049856.pdf
(3.19 MB) (3.19 MB)
Malaria is a global public health concern and its dynamic transmission is still a complex process. Malaria transmission largely depends on various factors, including demography, geography, vector dynamics, parasite reservoir, and climate. The dynamic behaviour of malaria transmission has been explained using various statistical and mathematical methods. Of them, wavelet analysis is a powerful mathematical technique used in analysing rapidly changing time-series to understand disease processes in a more holistic way. The current study is aimed at identifying the pattern of malaria transmission and its variability with environmental factors in Kataragama, a malaria-endemic dry zone locality of Sri Lanka, using a wavelet approach. Monthly environmental data including total rainfall and mean water flow of the “Menik Ganga” river; mean temperature, mean minimum and maximum temperatures and mean relative humidity; and malaria cases in the Kataragama Medical Officer of Health (MOH) area were obtained from the Department of Irrigation, Department of Meteorology and Malaria Research Unit (MRU) of University of Colombo, respectively, for the period 1990 to 2005. Wavelet theory was applied to analyze these monthly time series data. There were two significant periodicities in malaria cases during the period of 1992–1995 and 1999–2000. The cross-wavelet power spectrums revealed an anti-phase correlation of malaria cases with mean temperature, minimum temperature, and water flow of “Menik Ganga” river during the period 1991–1995, while the in-phase correlation with rainfall is noticeable only during 1991–1992. Relative humidity was similarly associated with malaria cases between 1991–1992. It appears that environmental variables have contributed to a higher incidence of malaria cases in Kataragama in different time periods between 1990 and 2005.
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