Your search found 17 records
1 Fresco, L. O.; Stroosnijder, L.; Bouma, J.; van Keulen, H. (Eds.) 1994. The future of the land: Mobilising and integrating knowledge for land use options. Chichester, UK: John Wiley. xviv, 409p.
Land use ; Planning ; Environmental effects ; Sustainability ; Information systems ; Farmer participation ; Maize ; Fertilizers ; Case studies ; Households ; Decision making ; Ecosystems / Eastern Europe / Africa / Costa Rica / Netherlands / Mali / Kenya / Scotland / Tanzania / Thailand / USA / Flanders
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.76 G000 FRE Record No: H016088)
2 Trabada-Crende, F.; Vinten, A. J. A. 1998. Assessing the effects of land management and catchment hydrology on well water quality in a designated nitrate vulnerable zone. Agricultural Systems, 57(4):523-540.
Land management ; Catchment areas ; Hydrology ; Groundwater ; Wells ; Water quality ; Simulation models ; Nitrogen ; Leaching / Scotland / Eden Valley / Fife / Balmalcolm / Kettlebridge
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H022921)
3 Holland, J.; Blackburn, J. (Eds.) 1998. Whose voice?: Participatory research and policy change. London, UK: Intermediate Technology Publications. xviii, 254p.
Participatory rural appraisal ; Cost recovery ; Forestry ; Participatory management ; Irrigation management ; Non-governmental organizations ; Policy / Nepal / Zambia / Gambia / Jamaica / Pakistan / India / Madagascar / Guinea / Mozambique / Ghana / South Africa / Uganda / Philippines / Scotland
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 658 G000 HOL Record No: H023009)
4 van Veldhuizen, L.; Waters-Bayer, A.; Ramfrez, R.; Johnson, D. A.; Thompson, J. (Eds.) 1997. Farmers' research in practice: Lessons from the field. London, UK: Intermediate Technology Publications. xi, 285p. (ILEIA readings in sustainable agriculture)
Agricultural research ; Farmer participation ; Farming systems ; Experiments ; Farmers' attitudes ; Seed production ; Cassava ; Agricultural extension ; Women in development ; Villages ; Monitoring ; Evaluation ; Pest control ; Tillage ; Participatory rural appraisal ; Potatoes ; Beans ; Sustainable agriculture ; Leadership / Nepal / Scotland / Italy / India / Tanzania / Sudan / Sri Lanka / Ethiopia / Kenya / Zaire / Zimbabwe / Brazil / Bolivia / Netherlands / Mali / Colombia / Punjab / Altamira
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 630.72 G000 VAN Record No: H025619)
5 Leibundgut, C.; McDonnell, J.; Schultz, G. (Eds.) 1999. Integrated methods in catchment hydrology: Tracer, remote sensing and new hydrometric techniques. Wallingford, UK: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). ix, 284p. (IAHS publication 258)
Hydrology ; Catchment areas ; Remote sensing ; Satellite surveys ; GIS ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Models ; Calibrations ; Mountains ; Forests ; Evaporation ; Soil water ; Clay soils ; Sandy soils ; River basins ; Infiltration ; Groundwater ; Simulation ; Precipitation ; Soil properties ; Erosion / Japan / Romania / Germany / Spain / UK / Scotland / Slovak Republic / Switzerland / New Zealand / Germany / Kanto Mountains / Lake Stechlin / DGmbovita River / Catalonia / Danube River Basin / Vah Basin / Kumaun Lesser Himalayas / Lake Nainital
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 551.48 G000 LEI Record No: H027482)
6 Malcolm, C. S. R.; Ferrier, R. C.; Helliwell, R. C.; Jenkins, A. 1999. Seasonal hydrology of oxygen-18 in the Allt a' Mharcaidh, Scotland: Implications for water movement and residence times. In Leibundgut, C.; McDonnell, J.; Schultz, G. (Eds.), Integrated methods in catchment hydrology: Tracer, remote sensing and new hydrometric techniques. Wallingford, UK: IAHS. pp.127-134.
Hydrology ; Catchment areas ; Precipitation ; Groundwater ; Surface water ; Rain ; Soil water ; Runoff / UK / Scotland / Cairngorm Mountains / Mharcaidh Catchment
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 551.48 G000 LEI Record No: H027494)
7 Lancaster, J. 2000. Geometric scaling of microhabitat patches and their efficacy as refugia during disturbance. Journal of Animal Ecology, 69:442-457.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 7766 Record No: H039724)
8 Waylen, K.; Aaltonen, J.; Bonaiuto, M.; Booth, P.; Bradford, R.; Carrus, G.; Cuthbert, A.; Langan, S.; O’Sullivan, J.; Rotko, P.; Twigger-Ross, C.; Watson, D. 2011. Coordination of the Research Financed in the European Union on Flood Management (CRUE) final report for URFlood - understanding uncertainty and risk in communicating about floods [Report of the European Flood Risk Management Research]. Rome, Italy: CRUE Funding Initiative on Flood Resilience. 90p. + appendixes.
Flooding ; Risk management ; Communication ; Research projects ; Case studies / Finland / Ireland / Italy / Scotland / Lapland Province / Rovaniemi / County Galway / Ballinasloe / County Tipperary / Clonmel / Dublin / River Dodder / County Wexford / Wexford Town / Lazio / Rome / Calabria / Vibo Valentia / Glasgow / Cathcart / Aberdeenshire / Huntly / Galloway / Dumfries / Moffat / Aberdeenshire / Newburgh
(Location: IWMI HQ Record No: H044700)
http://www.macaulay.ac.uk/urflood/URFloodfinalreport-Reduced.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044700.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044700.pdf
(3.07 MB) (3.07MB)
9 Imholt, C.; Soulsby, C.; Malcolm, I. A.; Hrachowitz, M.; Gibbins, C. N.; Langan, S.; Tetzlaff, D. 2011. Influence of scale on thermal characteristics in a large Montane River Basin. River Research and Applications, 17p. (Online first). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1608]
River basins ; Streams ; Temperature ; Regression analysis ; Models ; GIS ; Monitoring ; Catchment areas ; Riparian zones ; Vegetation / UK / Scotland / River Dee Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044701)
(4.69 MB)
This study monitored stream temperatures over two hydrological years at various nested scales within the large, unregulated river Dee catchment (North East Scotland). These scales were (i) the whole catchment (11 sites along main stem Dee); (ii) the tributary (single sites in main tributaries); (iii) the Girnock (five sites in one subcatchment); and (iv) the reach (26 points across single reach). The aim was to characterize the thermal regime of all locations and compare the magnitude of variation between each scale. The controls on this variation were assessed via a multiple linear regression model using Geographic Information System-derived catchment data. Temperatures were collected at 15-min resolution and for further analysis and discussion combined to daily means. At the catchment and subcatchment scales, a west to east gradient in mean and minimum temperatures was observed, largely paralleling changes in altitude. Temperature differences between subcatchments were generally greater than between the sites along the main stem of the Dee. Differences between tributaries reflected differences in their morphology and land use. However, some tributaries had similar thermal regimes, despite different catchment and riparian characteristics. Subcatchment differences in thermal regimes of one of the tributaries corresponded to riparian vegetation reduced diurnal variability in sections dominated by broadleaf woodland. Compared with the larger scales, reach differences in thermal regime were small (e.g. mean temperatures of riffle, pool and margin habitats were within 0.3C). The most noticeable difference was in relation to the point samples within the backwater area, which has a more constant thermal regime, most probably reflecting its groundwater source. The regression analysis indicated that monthly mean temperatures can be predicted well using elevation and catchment area. Forest cover was a significant explanatory variable during the summer months. However, some of the empirical temperature data from the Dee indicate that similar thermal regimes can result from different physical controls and processes that have important implications for the extrapolation of such predictive models.
10 Stockan, J. A.; Langan, S. J.; Young, M. R. 2012. Investigating riparian margins for vegetation patterns and plant–environment relationships in northeast Scotland. Journal of Environmental Quality, 41(2):364-372. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2010.0518]
Vegetation ; Riparian zones ; Water quality ; Watercourses ; Analytical methods ; Catchment areas ; Soil chemicophysical properties ; Plants ; Species ; Environmental effects / Scotland
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044744)
(0.67 MB)
11 Martin-Ortega, J.; Perni, A.; Jackson-Blake, L.; Balana, Bedru B.; Mckee, A.; Dunn, S.; Helliwell, R.; Psaltopoulos, D.; Skuras, D.; Cooksley, S.; Slee, B. 2015. A transdisciplinary approach to the economic analysis of the European Water Framework Directive. Ecological Economics, 116:34-45. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.03.026]
Economic analysis ; Cost effectiveness analysis ; Stakeholders ; Ecology ; Catchment areas ; Hydrology ; Chemicals ; Models ; Water quality ; Water pollution ; Land use ; Phosphorus ; River basins / Europ / Scotland
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046955)
(1.00 MB)
The EuropeanWater Framework Directive(WFD) prescribes economic principles to achieve its ecological targets. The aim is to establish cost-effective measures to attain good ecological status and assess whether the costs of these measures are justifiable in view of the benefits they provide. The complex nature of water problems requires flexible decision-making embracing a diversity of ‘knowledges’. Here, natural and social scientist worked together in an integrated approach ‘ground-tested’ through local stakeholders' knowledge and views. The aims were to: (1) develop a set of steps for implementing this transdisciplinary approach, and (2) critically reflect on the challenges of integrating different strands of knowledge to the specific context of the economics of the WFD. Thiswas tested at a sub-catchment in Scotland. Hydro-chemicalmodelswere used to simulate effectiveness of phosphorous pollution mitigation measures, which was then incorporated into a cost-optimization model. Costs were compared with benefits resulting from water quality improvements. This analysis was accompanied by an iterative local stakeholder consultation process. The research further analysed whether selected measures are ‘future-proof’ in view of climate and land-use changes. Results are used to help set the research agenda for more practical specification of economically sound and socially acceptable ways to deliver theWFD.
12 Balana, Bedru B.; Jackson-Blake, L.; Martin-Ortega, J.; Dunn, S. 2015. Integrated cost-effectiveness analysis of agri-environmental measures for water quality. Journal of Environmental Management, 161:163-172. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.035]
Cost benefit analysis ; Agriculture ; Environmental management ; Hydrology ; Chemicals ; Water quality ; Water management ; Wastewater treatment ; Land management ; Nitrates ; Phosphorus ; Pollutants ; Case studies / Scotland / River Dee catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047103)
(1.20 MB)
This paper presents an application of integrated methodological approach for identifying cost-effective combinations of agri-environmental measures to achieve water quality targets. The methodological approach involves linking hydro-chemical modelling with economic costs of mitigation measures. The utility of the approach was explored for the River Dee catchment in North East Scotland, examining the cost-effectiveness of mitigation measures for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) pollutants. In-stream nitrate concentration was modelled using the STREAM-N and phosphorus using INCA-P model. Both models were first run for baseline conditions and then their effectiveness for changes in land management was simulated. Costs were based on farm income foregone, capital and operational expenditures. The costs and effects data were integrated using ‘Risk Solver Platform’ optimization in excel to produce the most cost-effective combination of measures by which target nutrient reductions could be attained at a minimum economic cost. The analysis identified different combination of measures as most costeffective for the two pollutants. An important aspect of this paper is integration of model-based effectiveness estimates with economic cost of measures for cost-effectiveness analysis of land and water management options. The methodological approach developed is not limited to the two pollutants and the selected agri-environmental measures considered in the paper; the approach can be adapted to the cost-effectiveness analysis of any catchment-scale environmental management options.
13 Harcourt, W.; Nelson, I. L. (Eds.) 2015. Practicing feminist political ecologies: moving beyond the 'green economy'. London, UK: Zed Books. 326p.
Gender ; Women in development ; Political aspects ; Social aspects ; Economic development ; Water supply ; Natural resources ; Ecology ; Environmental management ; Climate change adaptation ; Resilience ; Sustainability ; Living standards ; Labor ; Violence ; Legal aspects ; Communities ; Urban areas ; Research / South America / Nepal / Scotland / Kenya / Mozambique / Andes
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 305.42 G000 HAR Record No: H047669)
(0.29 MB)
14 Buck, M.; Sturzaker, J.; Mell, I. 2021. Playing games around climate change – new ways of working to develop climate change resilience. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 19p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2021.1975106]
Climate change adaptation ; Climate change mitigation ; Resilience ; Strategies ; Planning ; Game theory ; Cooperation ; Political aspects ; Environmental factors ; Case studies / England / Scotland / Birmingham / London / Manchester / Bristol / Clyde Valley
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050742)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09640568.2021.1975106
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050742.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050742.pdf
(0.93 MB) (956 KB)
This paper uses game theory to examine the efforts of public sector actors in the UK to integrate climate change interventions within development processes. Drawing on desk-based analysis and interviews, we identify instances where private-sector developers act strategically to exploit public-sector imperatives to deliver economic growth and housing. We find these imperatives constrained the agency of planners to effectively reconcile climate mitigation/adaptation objectives within wider priorities of economic growth. Yet, we identify instances whereby strategic planning frameworks, informal networks and bespoke development frameworks were effective means to build trust between actors and foster co-operation, better enabling development which meets climate change mitigation/adaptation objectives. In doing so, we illustrate the practical and theoretical value of game theory, whilst highlighting how careful use of strategic planning can support achieving climate change mitigation/adaptation objectives at a local scale.
15 Ensor, J.; de Bruin, A. 2022. The role of learning in farmer-led innovation. Agricultural Systems, 197:103356. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103356]
Farmers ; Social aspects ; Learning ; Innovation systems ; Stakeholders ; Collaboration ; Agricultural innovation ; Sustainability ; Policies ; Case studies / England / Scotland / Scottish Borders
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050939)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X21003097/pdfft?md5=daa115ecd66387e65db9cd3d3c15b5c7&pid=1-s2.0-S0308521X21003097-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050939.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050939.pdf
(0.95 MB) (976 KB)
CONTEXT: Farmer-led innovation brings farmers together with other stakeholders in a collaborative endeavour that recognises multiple forms of expertise. Critical engagement with mainstream models of agricultural science and technology (AST) development has drawn attention to the isolation of farmers as technology adopters within a compartmentalised model of AST development and dissemination. Academic, government and non-governmental actors and organisations are increasingly supporting facilitated processes in which farmers, scientists and engineers develop new knowledge, learning together about the nature of the problems being faced and the potential of different solution pathways.
OBJECTIVE: Despite the centrality of learning to farmer-led innovation, its role has yet to be systematically explored. In response, this paper looks to understand the forms of learning and their contribution to farmer-led innovation during a three-year action-research project involving two groups of farmers from northern England and the Scottish Borders in the UK.
METHODS: A researcher-facilitator convened a structured process of twenty meetings that together created opportunities for interaction, deliberation and re-framing of problems and solutions among groups of farmers, a university-based engineer, and wider stakeholders. Multiple qualitative methods were used to build understanding of the different farming contexts and to explore the issues the farmers wanted to work on. Meeting transcripts and fieldnotes were subject to thematic analysis, informed by the analytical framework of cognitive, normative and relational learning derived from the social learning literature.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive, normative and relational learning were found to be mutually interdependent and equally significant, building iteratively rather than linearly: the farmers and engineer assessed new information and reappraised existing situations; they did so informed by and informing a shift in understanding of their goals for new technology; and in so doing they relied on and developed the trust and confidence needed to acknowledge or challenge each other's perspectives. By orientating the group engagement process around the space to explore and challenge histories and contexts of AST, and by drawing on social learning principles to facilitate interaction between the different expertise of farmers and between farmers and engineers, learning emerged that interleaved technology co-design with incremental refinement of the shared norms and values embedded in the process itself.
SIGNIFICANCE: A focus on learning helps deepen understanding of key mechanisms and processes that define and deliver innovation, and the findings suggest that priorities for farmer-led innovation process design should focus on modalities that open up spaces to negotiate both the purpose and products of innovation.
OBJECTIVE: Despite the centrality of learning to farmer-led innovation, its role has yet to be systematically explored. In response, this paper looks to understand the forms of learning and their contribution to farmer-led innovation during a three-year action-research project involving two groups of farmers from northern England and the Scottish Borders in the UK.
METHODS: A researcher-facilitator convened a structured process of twenty meetings that together created opportunities for interaction, deliberation and re-framing of problems and solutions among groups of farmers, a university-based engineer, and wider stakeholders. Multiple qualitative methods were used to build understanding of the different farming contexts and to explore the issues the farmers wanted to work on. Meeting transcripts and fieldnotes were subject to thematic analysis, informed by the analytical framework of cognitive, normative and relational learning derived from the social learning literature.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive, normative and relational learning were found to be mutually interdependent and equally significant, building iteratively rather than linearly: the farmers and engineer assessed new information and reappraised existing situations; they did so informed by and informing a shift in understanding of their goals for new technology; and in so doing they relied on and developed the trust and confidence needed to acknowledge or challenge each other's perspectives. By orientating the group engagement process around the space to explore and challenge histories and contexts of AST, and by drawing on social learning principles to facilitate interaction between the different expertise of farmers and between farmers and engineers, learning emerged that interleaved technology co-design with incremental refinement of the shared norms and values embedded in the process itself.
SIGNIFICANCE: A focus on learning helps deepen understanding of key mechanisms and processes that define and deliver innovation, and the findings suggest that priorities for farmer-led innovation process design should focus on modalities that open up spaces to negotiate both the purpose and products of innovation.
16 Gu, C.; Waldron, S.; Bass, A. M. 2022. Anthropogenic land use and urbanization alter the dynamics and increase the export of dissolved carbon in an urbanized river system. Science of the Total Environment, 846:157436. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157436]
Land use change ; Anthropogenic factors ; Rivers ; Dissolved organic carbon ; Dissolved inorganic carbon ; Urbanization ; Methane ; Carbon dioxide ; Groundwater ; Grasslands ; Landfills ; Farmland / Scotland / Glasgow / River Kelvin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051351)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972204534X/pdfft?md5=ab22891b9b461fdebd25d5fef1d0f829&pid=1-s2.0-S004896972204534X-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051351.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051351.pdf
(5.97 MB) (5.97 MB)
Greenhouse gas emissions from urban rivers play a crucial role in global carbon (C) cycling, this is tightly linked to dissolved C in rivers but research gaps remain. The effects of urbanization and anthropogenic land-use change on riverine dissolved carbon dynamics were investigated in a temperate river, the River Kelvin in UK. The river was constantly a source of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere (excess concentration of CH4 ranged from 13 to 4441 nM, and excess concentration of CO2 ranged from 2.6 to 230.6 µM), and dissolved C concentrations show significant spatiotemporal variations (p < 0.05), reflecting a variety of proximal sources and controls. For example, the concentration variation of dissolved CH4 and dissolved CO2 were heavily controlled by the proximity of coal mine infrastructure in the tributary near the river head (~ 2 km) but were more likely controlled by adjacent landfills in the midstream section of the rivers main channel. Concentration and isotopic evidence revealed an important anthropogenic control on the riverine export of CO2 and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). However, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) input via groundwater at the catchment scale primarily controlled the dynamics of riverine DIC. Furthermore, the positive relationship between the isotopic composition of DIC and CO2 (r = 0.79, p < 0.01) indicates the DIC pool was at times also significantly influenced by soil respiratory CO2. Both DIC and DOC showed a weak but significant correlation with the proportion of urban/suburban land use, suggesting increased dissolved C export resulting from urbanization. This research elucidates a series of potentially key effects anthropogenic activities and land-use practices can have on riverine C dynamics and highlights the need for future consideration of the direct effects urbanization has on riverine C dynamics.
17 Ptak, E. N.; Graversgaard, M.; Dalgaard, T. 2023. Navigating the nexus: the role of intermediaries in charting a new frontier of policy integration for agrifood and energy systems transformation. Environmental Science and Policy, 139:92-103. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2022.10.019]
Agrifood systems ; Energy ; Nexus approaches ; Transformation ; Social networks ; Climate-smart agriculture ; Environmental sciences ; Policies ; Land use ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; Governance ; Landscape ; Decision making ; Case studies / Scotland
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052287)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1462901122003306/pdfft?md5=66d9a4d317c4f2c870d6f086c34ff50f&pid=1-s2.0-S1462901122003306-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052287.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052287.pdf
(4.01 MB) (4.01 MB)
The effects of climate change are instigating a discourse shift towards net-zero emissions agriculture. However, a sectoral silo paradigm of policy design is incompatible with a systems approach to address complex global environmental challenges. This study introduces a social cartography approach that amalgamates network theory with a nexus perspective to identify social relation changes in the making. The study examines the role of an advisor-led initiative promoting the discourse of climate-smart farming in Scotland and identifies the impacts upon farmer knowledge networks. The social cartography comprises of a survey, farm meeting observations, and social network analysis of the agriculture, climate change, and energy (ACE) policyscape. As a visualization method, the social cartography provides a conceptual compass to navigate social relation changes of farmer knowledge networks amidst discursive transition. The results demonstrate that the advisor-led initiative acts an intermediary of discursive transition by introducing new knowledge frames and practices of farming that facilitate network shifts. However, voluntary measures fall short of instigating cross-sectoral interplay to actualize transformation towards systems integration. Furthermore, the study presents policy design elements to chart a new frontier of integrated agrifood and energy systems governance in Scotland.
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