Your search found 8 records
1 Sander, G. C.; Parlange, J. Y.; Hogarth, W. L.; Rose, C. W.; Haverkamp, R. 1990. Kinematic flow approximation to runoff on a plane solution for infiltration rate exceeding rainfall rate. Journal of Hydrology, 113(1-4):193-206.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H06235)
2 Stagnitti, F.; Parlange, J. Y.; Steenhuis, T. S.; Parlange, M. B.; Rose, C. W. 1992. A mathematical model of hillslope and watershed discharge. Water Resources Research, 28(8):2111-2122.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H011217)
3 Parlange, M. B.; Prasad, S. N.; Parlange, J. Y.; Romkens, M. J. M. 1992. Extension of the Heaslet-Alksne technique to arbitrary soil water diffusivities. Water Resources Research, 28(10):2793-2797.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H011759)
4 Li, L.; Barry, D. A.; Cunningham, C.; Stagnitti, F.; Parlange, J. Y.. 2000. A two-dimensional analytical solution of groundwater responses to tidal loading in an estuary and ocean. Advances in Water Resources, 23(8):825-833.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H026251)
5 Barry, D. A.; Li, L.; Parlange, J. Y.; Stagnitti, F. 2000. Groundwater waves in a coastal aquifer: A new governing equation including vertical effects and capillarity. Water Resources Journal, 204:39-51.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H026407)
6 Alemie, T. C.; Tilahun, S. A.; Ochoa-Tocachi, B. F.; Schmitter, Petra; Buytaert, W.; Parlange, J.-Y.; Steenhuis, T. S. 2019. Predicting shallow groundwater tables for sloping highland aquifers. Water Resources Research, 55(12):11088-11100. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR025050]
Groundwater table ; Forecasting ; Highlands ; Aquifers ; Groundwater recharge ; Watersheds ; Water levels ; Wells ; Rain ; Evaporation ; Models ; Monitoring ; Soils / Ethiopia / Debre Mawi Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049497)
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2019WR025050
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049497.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049497.pdf
(8.39 MB) (8.39 MB)
While hydrological science has made great strides forward during the last 50 years with the advance of computing power and availability of satellite images, much is unknown about the sustainable development of water for irrigation, domestic use, and livestock consumption for millions of households in the developing world. Specifically, quantification of shallow underground water resources for irrigation in highland regions remains challenging. The objective is to better understand the hydrology of highland watersheds with sloping hillside aquifers. Therefore, we present a subsurface flow model for hillside aquifers with recharge that varied from day to day. Recharge to the aquifer was estimated by the Thornthwaite Mather procedure. A characteristic time was identified for travel time of water flowing from the upper part of the hillside to the river or well. Using the method of characteristics, we found that the height of shallow groundwater level can be predicted by determining the total recharge over the characteristic time divided by drainable porosity. We apply the model to farmer-dug wells in the Ethiopian highlands using observed rainfall, potential evaporation, and a fitted travel time. We find that the model performs well with maximum water table heights being determined by the soil surface and minimum heights by the presence or absence of volcanic dikes downhill. Our application shows that unless the water is ponded behind a natural or artificial barrier, hillslope aquifers are unable to provide a continuous source of water during the long, dry season. This clearly limits any irrigation development in the highlands from shallow sloping groundwater.
7 Tilahun, S. A.; Yilak, D. L.; Schmitter, Petra; Zimale, F. A.; Langan, Simon; Barron, Jennie; Parlange, J.-Y.; Steenhuis, T. S. 2020. Establishing irrigation potential of a hillside aquifer in the African highlands. Hydrological Processes, 34(8):1741-1753. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13659]
Aquifers ; Highlands ; Sloping land ; Groundwater table ; Groundwater recharge ; Irrigation water ; Wells ; Water budget ; Water storage ; Water availability ; Water levels ; Hydrometeorology ; Monitoring ; Infiltration ; Runoff ; Discharges ; Rain ; Watersheds ; Small scale systems ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Models / Africa South of Sahara / Ethiopia / Lake Tana / Robit Bata Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049535)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.13659
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049535.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049535.pdf
(3.92 MB) (3.92 MB)
Feeding 9 billion people in 2050 will require sustainable development of all water resources, both surface and subsurface. Yet, little is known about the irrigation potential of hillside shallow aquifers in many highland settings in sub-Saharan Africa that are being considered for providing irrigation water during the dry monsoon phase for smallholder farmers. Information on the shallow groundwater being available in space and time on sloping lands might aid in increasing food production in the dry monsoon phase. Therefore, the research objective of this work is to estimate potential groundwater storage as a potential source of irrigation water for hillside aquifers where lateral subsurface flow is dominant. The research was carried out in the Robit Bata experimental watershed in the Lake Tana basin which is typical of many undulating watersheds in the Ethiopian highlands. Farmers have excavated more than 300 hand dug wells for irrigation. We used 42 of these wells to monitor water table fluctuation from April 16, 2014 to December 2015. Precipitation and runoff data were recorded for the same period. The temporal groundwater storage was estimated using two methods: one based on the water balance with rainfall as input and baseflow and evaporative losses leaving the watershed as outputs; the second based on the observed rise and fall of water levels in wells. We found that maximum groundwater storage was at the end of the rain phase in September after which it decreased linearly until the middle of December due to short groundwater retention times. In the remaining part of the dry season period, only wells located close to faults contained water. Thus, without additional water sources, sloping lands can only be used for significant irrigation inputs during the first 3 months out of the 8 months long dry season.
8 Addisie, M. B.; Ayele, G. K.; Hailu, N.; Langendoen, E. J.; Tilahun, S. A.; Schmitter, Petra; Parlange, J.-Y.; Steenhuis, T. S. 2020. Connecting hillslope and runoff generation processes in the Ethiopian highlands: the Ene-Chilala Watershed. Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 68(4):313-327. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/johh-2020-0015]
Highlands ; Watersheds ; Hydrology ; Sloping land ; Rain ; Groundwater table ; Infiltration ; Stream flow ; Discharges ; Forecasting ; Observation ; Monsoon climate ; Saturation ; Piezometers ; Models / Ethiopia / Ene-Chilala Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050129)
https://content.sciendo.com/downloadpdf/journals/johh/68/4/article-p313.xml
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050129.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050129.pdf
(2.85 MB) (2.85 MB)
Effective watershed planning requires an understanding of the hydrology. In the humid tropical monsoon climates and especially in volcanic highland regions such as the Ethiopian Highlands, the understanding of watershed processes is incomplete. The objective is to better understand the hydrology of the volcanic regions in the humid highlands by linking the hillslope processes with the discharge at the outlet. The Ene-Chilala watershed was selected for this study. The infiltration rate, piezometric water levels and discharge from two nested sub watersheds and at the watershed outlet were measured during a four-year period. Infiltration rates on the hillsides exceeded the rainfall intensity most of the time. The excess rain recharged a perched hillside aquifer. Water flowed through the perched aquifer as interflow to rivers and outlet. In addition, saturation excess overland flow was generated in the valley bottoms. Perched water tables heights were predicted by summing up the recharge over the travel time from the watershed divide. Travel times ranged from a few days for piezometers close to the divide to 40 days near the outlet. River discharge was simulated by adding the interflow from the upland to overland flow from the saturated valley bottom lands. Overland flow accounted only for one-fourth of the total flow. There was good agreement between predicted and observed discharge during the rain phase therefore the hillslope hydrologically processes were successfully linked with the discharge at the outlet.
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