Your search found 19 records
1 Kittu, N.; Mehta, M.; Jain, S. K.. 1990. Role of percolation tanks for sustained yield of dug wells in Maharashtra State: A case study. In Percolation ponds: Pre-workshop volume. Madras, India: Centre for Water Resources. pp.99-112.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.2 G635 PER Record No: H08680)
2 Jain, S. K.; Yoganarasimhan, G. N.; Seth, S. M. 1992. A risk-based approach for flood control operation of a multipurpose reservoir. Water Resources Bulletin, 28(6):1037-1043.
Reservoir operation ; Flood control ; Water management ; Operating policies ; Simulation analysis ; Performance evaluation
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H013014)
3 Jain, S. K.; Goel, M. K.; Agarwal, P. K. 1998. Reservoir operation studies of Sabarmati System, India. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 124(1):31-38.
Reservoir operation ; Reservoir storage ; Flood control ; Policy ; Computer techniques ; Simulation models ; Water supply ; Irrigation water ; Water demand ; Catchment areas / India / Sabarmati River Basin / Dharoi Reservoir
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H021744)
4 Jain, S. K.; Das, A.; Srivastava, D. K. 1999. Application of ANN for reservoir inflow prediction and operation. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 125(5):263-271.
Reservoir operation ; Operating policies ; Forecasting ; Constraints ; Sensitivity analysis ; Simulation models ; Irrigation water ; Electricity supplies ; Regression analysis / India / Orissa / Indravati Multipurpose Project
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H024819)
5 Chowdhary, H.; Jain, S. K.; Ogink, H. J. M. 2000. Emerging information technology for sustainable water resources development in India. In Mehrotra, R.; Soni, B.; Bhatia, K. K. S. (Eds.), Integrated water resources management for sustainable development - Volume 1. Roorkee, India: National Institute of Hydrology. pp.671-687.
Water resources development ; Sustainability ; Hydrology ; Information systems ; Databases ; Information services ; Computer techniques ; Communication ; Decision support tools ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Forecasting ; Natural disasters / India
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 MEH Record No: H028085)
6 Goel, M. K.; Jain, S. K.; Agarwal, P. K. 2000. Assessment of sediment deposition pattern in Bargi reservoir using digital image processing. In Mehrotra, R.; Soni, B.; Bhatia, K. K. S. (Eds.), Integrated water resources management for sustainable development - Volume II. Roorkee, India: National Institute of Hydrology. pp.1191-1202.
Reservoirs ; Dams ; Sedimentation ; Assessment ; Water resource management ; Remote sensing ; Satellite surveys ; Case studies / India / Narmada River / Bargi Reservoir
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 MEH Record No: H028124)
7 Jain, S. K.; Singh, R. D.; Seth, S. M. 2000. Design flood estimation using GIS supported GIUH approach. Water Resources Management, 14(5):369-376.
Flood control ; Estimation ; GIS ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Simulation ; Catchment areas ; Dams ; Hydrology ; Models / India / Rajasthan / Gambhiri River
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H028282)
8 Jain, S. K.; Kumar, S.; Varghese, J. 2001. Estimation of soil erosion for a Himalayan watershed using GIS technique. Water Resources Management, 15(1):41-54.
Erosion ; Estimation ; Watersheds ; Models ; GIS ; Remote sensing ; Rivers ; Sedimentation ; Catchment areas / India / Himalayas / Dehra Dun District / Asan River / Doon Valley / Sitlarao Subwatershed
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H029320)
9 Jain, S. K.; Singh, K. K.; Singh, R. P. 2002. Microirrigation lateral design using lateral discharge equation. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 128(2):125-128.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H029797)
10 Jain, S. K.; Goel, M. K. 2002. Assessing the vulnerability to soil erosion of the Ukai Dam catchments using remote sensing and GIS. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 47(1):31-40.
Dams ; Catchment areas ; Watersheds ; Erosion ; Soil conservation ; Sedimentation ; GIS ; Remote sensing ; Case studies / India / Ukai Dam
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6173 Record No: H031158)
11 Jain, S. K.; Singh, P.; Saraf, A. K.; Seth, S. M. 2003. Estimation of sediment yield for a rain, snow and glacier fed river in the Western Himalayan Region. Water Resources Management, 17(5):377-393.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H033109)
12 Jain, S. K.; Sharma, Bharat R.; Zahid, A.; Jin, M.; Shreshtha, J. L.; Kumar, V.; Rai, S. P.; Hu, J.; Luo, Y.; Sharma, D. 2009. A comparative analysis of the hydrology of the Indus-Gangetic and Yellow River basins. In Mukherji, Aditi; Villholth, K. G.; Sharma, Bharat R.; Wang, J. (Eds.) Groundwater governance in the Indo-Gangetic and Yellow River basins: realities and challenges. London, UK: CRC Press. pp.43-64. (IAH Selected Papers on Hydrogeology 15)
Hydrogeology ; River basins ; Groundwater irrigation ; Irrigation systems ; Aquifers ; Water use / China / India / Pakistan / Bangladesh / Nepal / Indus Basin / Ganges Basin / Yellow River Basin / Ordos Basin / Huang-Huai-Hai plain
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.6.3 G570 MUK Record No: H042222)
(0.51 MB)
13 Amarasinghe, Upali Ananda; Muthuwatta, Lal; Surinaidu, L.; Anand, Sumit; Jain, S. K.. 2016. Reviving the Ganges water machine: potential. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 20(3):1085-1101. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1085-2016]
Monsoon climate ; Water resources ; Water use ; Water supply ; Water storage ; Groundwater management ; Surface water ; River basins ; Riparian zones ; Irrigated land ; Farmland ; Environmental flows ; Flooding ; Recharge ; Runoff / South East Asia / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Tibet / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047467)
http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/20/1085/2016/hess-20-1085-2016.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047467.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047467.pdf
(1.35 MB)
The Ganges River basin faces severe water challenges related to a mismatch between supply and demand. Although the basin has abundant surface water and groundwater resources, the seasonal monsoon causes a mismatch between supply and demand as well as flooding. Water availability and flood potential is high during the 3–4 months (June–September) of the monsoon season. Yet, the highest demands occur during the 8–9 months (October–May) of the non-monsoon period. Addressing this mismatch, which is likely to increase with increasing demand, requires substantial additional storage for both flood reduction and improvements in water supply. Due to hydrogeological, environmental, and social constraints, expansion of surface storage in the Ganges River basin is problematic. A range of interventions that focus more on the use of subsurface storage (SSS), and on the acceleration of surface–subsurface water exchange, has long been known as the Ganges Water Machine (GWM). The approach of the GWM for providing such SSS is through additional pumping and depleting of the groundwater resources prior to the onset of the monsoon season and recharging the SSS through monsoon surface runoff. An important condition for creating such SSS is the degree of unmet water demand. The paper shows that the potential unmet water demand ranging from 59 to 124 Bm3 year-1 exists under two different irrigation water use scenarios: (i) to increase irrigation in the Rabi (November–March) and hot weather (April–May) seasons in India, and the Aman (July–November) and Boro (December–May) seasons in Bangladesh, to the entire irrigable area, and (ii) to provide irrigation to Rabi and the hot weather season in India and the Aman and Boro seasons in Bangladesh to the entire cropped area. However, the potential for realizing the unmet irrigation demand is high only in 7 sub-basins in the northern and eastern parts, is moderate to low in 11 sub-basins in the middle, and has little or no potential in 4 sub-basins in the western part of the Ganges basin. Overall, a revived GWM plan has the potential to meet 45–84 Bm3year-1 of unmet water demand.
14 Amarasinghe, Upali Ananda; Muthuwatta, Lal; Surinaidu, L.; Anand, Sumit; Jain, S. K.. 2015. Reviving the Ganges water machine: why? Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 12:8727-8759. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-8727-2015]
Monsoon climate ; Water resources ; Water use ; Water supply ; Water storage ; Water demand ; Groundwater management ; Surface water ; River basins ; Riparian zones ; Irrigated land ; Environmental flows ; Flooding ; Recharge ; Runoff ; Rain / South East Asia / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Tibet / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047515)
http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/12/8727/2015/hessd-12-8727-2015.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047515.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047515.pdf
(2.72 MB)
The Ganges River Basin may have a major pending water crisis. Although the basin has abundant surface water and groundwater resources, the seasonal monsoon causes a mismatch between supply and demand as well as flooding. Water availability and flood potential is high during the 3–4 months of the monsoon season. Yet, the highest demands occur during the 8–9 months of the non-monsoon period. Addressing this mismatch requires substantial additional storage for both flood reduction and improvements in water supply. Due to hydrogeological, environmental, and social constraints, expansion of surface storage in the Ganges River Basin is problematic. A range of in- terventions that focus more on the use of subsurface storage (SSS), and on the acceleration of surface–subsurface water exchange, have long been known as the “Ganges Water Machine”. One approach for providing such SSS is through additional pumping prior to the onset of the monsoon season. An important necessary condition for creating such SSS is the degree of unmet water demand. This paper highlights that an unmet water demand ranging from 59 to 119 Bm3 exists under two different irrigation water use scenarios: (i) to increase Rabi and hot weather season irrigation to the entire irrigable area, and (ii) to provide Rabi and hot weather season irrigation to the entire cropped area. This paper shows that SSS can enhance water supply, and provide benefits for irrigation and other water use sectors. In addition, it can buffer the inherent variability in water supply and mitigate extreme flooding, especially in the downstream parts of the basin. It can also increase river flow during low-flow months via baseflow or enable the re-allocation of irrigation canal water. Importantly, SSS can mitigate the negative effects of both flooding and water scarcity in the same year, which often affects the most vulnerable segments of society – women and children, the poor and other disadvantaged social groups.
15 Surinaidu, L.; Muthuwatta, Lal; Amarasinghe, Upali Ananda; Jain, S. K.; Kumar, S.; Singh, S. 2016. Reviving the Ganges water machine: accelerating surface water and groundwater interactions in the Ramganga sub-basin. Journal of Hydrology, 540:207-219. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.06.025]
Surface water ; Monsoon climate ; Groundwater recharge ; Water storage ; Water use ; Water levels ; Water balance ; Pumping ; Aquifers ; River basins ; Seepage ; Hydrogeology ; Models ; Calibration ; Flow discharge ; Artificial recharge ; Rain / South East Asia / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Tibet / Ganges River Basin / Ramganga Sub-basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047599)
Reviving the Ganges Water Machine (GWM), coined 40 years ago, is the most opportune solution for mitigating the impacts of recurrent droughts and floods in the Ganges River Basin in South Asia. GWM create subsurface storage (SSS) by pumping more groundwater from the aquifers before the monsoon for irrigation and other uses and recharge it during the monsoon. The present study uses fully processed and physically based numerical models, MODFLOW and SWAT, in a semi-coupled modelling framework to examine the technical feasibility of recharging the SSS. The aquifer was simulated as a two-layer system using hydrogeological and groundwater data, model was calibrated from 1999 to 2005 and validated from 2006 to 2010. It assesses the impacts of gradual increase of SSS in 10 years from the base year 2010 under two scenarios (increased rainfall or controlled pumping and recharge) to meet a potential unmet demand of 1.68 billion cubic meters (Bm3) in the Ramganga sub-basin with an area of 18,668 km2. The results show that 3–4 m of subsurface storage can be created by groundwater pumping of 0.25 Bm3/year by 2020. Under the controlled pumping and recharge scenario, groundwater recharge and river seepage could increase by 14% (4.21–4.80 Bm3) and 31% (1.10–1.44 Bm3), respectively. However, baseflow will decrease by 30% (0.18–0.12 Bm3) over the same time period. The results also show that recharge increased 44% (4.21–6.05 Bm3) under an increased rainfall scenario. Simultaneously, river seepage and baseflows would increase 36% (1.10–1.14 Bm3) and 11% (0.18–0.20 Bm3), respectively. A well-designed managed aquifer recharge program is required to eliminate the negative impact of river flows in the low flow season.
16 Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Muthuwatta, Lal; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Surinaidu, Lagudu; Natarajan, R.; Chinnasamy, Pennan; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy; Prathapar, Sanmugam A.; Jain, S. K.; Ghosh, N. C.; Singh, S.; Sharma, A.; Jain, S. K.; Kumar, S.; Goel, M. K. 2016. Reviving the Ganges water machine: potential and challenges to meet increasing water demand in the Ganges River Basin. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 42p. (IWMI Research Report 167) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2016.212]
Water demand ; Water resources ; Water supply ; Water use ; Water storage ; Water quality ; Water accounting ; River basin management ; Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater depletion ; Groundwater recharge ; Domestic water ; Irrigation water ; Surface water ; Runoff water ; Industrial uses ; Climate change ; Monsoon climate ; Flooding ; Drought ; Cost benefit analysis ; Aquifers ; Solar energy ; Renewable energy ; Pumping ; Cropping systems / South East Asia / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Tibet / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047712)
(1 MB)
Although the Ganges River Basin (GRB) has abundant water resources, the seasonal monsoon causes a mismatch in water supply and demand, which creates severe water-related challenges for the people living in the basin, the rapidly growing economy and the environment. Addressing these increasing challenges will depend on how people manage the basin’s groundwater resources, on which the reliance will increase further due to limited prospects for additional surface storage development. This report assesses the potential of the Ganges Water Machine (GWM), a concept proposed 40 years ago, to meet the increasing water demand through groundwater, and mitigate the impacts of floods and droughts. The GWM provides additional subsurface storage (SSS) through the accelerated use of groundwater prior to the onset of the monsoon season, and subsequent recharging of this SSS through monsoon surface runoff. It was identified that there is potential to enhance SSS through managed aquifer recharge during the monsoon season, and to use solar energy for groundwater pumping, which is financially more viable than using diesel as practiced in many areas at present. The report further explores the limitations associated with water quality issues for pumping and recharge in the GRB, and discusses other related challenges, including availability of land for recharge structures and people’s willingness to increase the cropping intensity beyond the present level.
17 Li, H.; Xu, C.-Y.; Beldring, S.; Tallaksen, L. M.; Jain, S. K.. 2016. Water resources under climate change in Himalayan basins. Water Resources Management, 30(2):843-859. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-1194-5]
Climate change ; Water resources ; Forecasting ; Hydrology ; Glaciers ; Models ; River basins ; Runoff ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Population growth ; Uncertainty / India / Bhutan / Himalayan Basin / Chamkhar Chhu Basin / Beas Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047756)
(1.58 MB)
Climate change has significant implications for glaciers and water resources in the Himalayan region. There is an urgent need to improve our current knowledge and methods in quantifying changes in water resources in this region. This study uses an integrated approach that couples a hydrological model and a glacier retreat model to assess the future water resources for two Himalayan basins. They are the Chamkhar Chhu basin in Bhutan (Eastern Himalayas) and the Beas basin in India (Western Himalayas). The future climate is simulated by two Regional Climate Models (RCMs) for south Asia under three Representative Concentration Pathways (Rcp2.6, Rcp4.5 and Rcp8.5). The six climate projections for the period 2010–2100 indicate significant warming effects; however, projected changes in precipitation are not consistent. Discrepancies in precipitation are noteworthy between the RCMs and greenhouse gases emissions scenarios. The glaciers in the Chamkhar Chhu basin are predicted to disappear or reduce to a small size before the 2050s, whereas the glaciers in the Beas basin are expected to lose mass before the 2060s, and afterwards to gain mass under Rcp2.6 and Rcp4.5, or to melt at a high rate under Rcp8.5. The available water resources per capita of two basins are projected to decrease in the period 2010–2050. The decreasing water resources are jointly induced by climate change and population growth. The latter is responsible for roughly 40 % of the water declines. Both basins are facing water shortages at present and the water shortages will intensify in the future.
18 Jain, S. K.; Jeuland, M. A.; Bharati, Luna; Khan, Z. H. 2016. Surface water resources. In Bharati, Luna; Sharma, Bharat R.; Smakhtin, Vladimir (Eds.). The Ganges River Basin: status and challenges in water, environment and livelihoods. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.8-23. (Earthscan Series on Major River Basins of the World)
Water resources ; Surface water ; Water storage ; Water use ; River basins ; Tributaries ; Flow discharge ; Hydrometeorology ; Canals ; Dams ; Hydrology ; Models ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Infrastructure ; Assessment / Nepal / India / Bangladesh / Ganges River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047810)
19 Jain, S. K.; Sikka, Alok K.; Alam, Mohammad Faiz. 2023. Water-energy-food-ecosystem nexus in India—A review of relevant studies, policies, and programmes. Frontiers in Water, 5:1128198. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1128198]
Water resources ; Energy security ; Food security ; Ecosystems ; Nexus approaches ; Policies ; Programmes ; Government ; Water security ; Sustainable Development Goals / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052238)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frwa.2023.1128198/pdf?isPublishedV2=False
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052238.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052238.pdf
(1.41 MB) (1.41 MB)
Current approaches for utilization of resources in water-energy-food-ecosystem (WEFE) sectors appear to be unsustainable and sub-optimal because of silo-based approaches that ignore interconnectedness across these interdependent sectors. A nexus approach that considers the interactions and interdependence among the sectors helps overcome weaknesses of silo-based approaches to better address synergies and trade-offs. This paper discusses the concept of the WEFE nexus-based approach for achieving water, energy, food, and environment security in India and presents a review of recent relevant literature. The paper critically reviews the key Indian government policies and programmes in the WEFE sector to assess the synergies and trade-offs among them. More than ˜ 40 programmes across WEFE sectors were studied to understand the efforts underway in these sectors to attain the respective policy goals. Although the implementation of the nexus concept will depend upon the enabling government policies and programmes, we find that discussions on these aspects are missing in the literature. Our review shows that the policies of different sectors give inadequate consideration to the impacts of decisions on the other related sectors. Although the various programmes are appreciably contributing to the policy goals and security for respective sectors, there are significant overlaps among the programmes which could positively or negatively impact other sector(s). There is a need to quantify the trade-offs by using an integrated approach including modeling with the WEFE nexus lens. The study also discusses the key challenges and barriers in implementing the nexus concept in India and how to overcome them.
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