Your search found 22 records
1 Fonseka, K. T.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Konradsen, F.; Amerasinghe, P. H.. 1995. Abundance of potential mosquito vectors of Japanese encephalitis in a dry zone village. Paper presented at the Annual Research Sessions, University of Peradeniya, Faculty of Science, 1995. [Abstract only]. 1p.
Public health ; Encephalitis ; Disease vectors ; Waterborne diseases ; Villages / Sri Lanka / Anuradhapura / Meegaswewa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G744 FON Record No: H017894)
2 Konradsen, F.; Van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Fonseka, K. T. 1995. A knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices survey of Malaria in the Huruluwewa watershed, Anuradhapura District. Proceedings of the SLAAS, 1995. (Paper presented at the Fifty First Annual Sessions of the Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, Sri Lanka, November 1995) 3p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G744 KON Record No: H018355)
3 Amerasinghe, F. P.; Konradsen, F.; Fonseka, K. T.; Amerasinghe, P. H.. 1997. Anopheline (Dipters: Culicidae) breeding in a traditional tank-based village ecosystem in north central Sri Lanka. Journal of Medical Entomology, 34(3):290-297.
Environment ; Malaria ; Surface water ; Watersheds ; Waterborne diseases / Sri Lanka / Huruluwewa / Mahameegaswewa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G744 AME Record No: H09224)
A 13-mo survey of immature anopheline mosquitoes breeding in surface water habitats was done at Mahameegaswewa village within the Huruluwewa watershed in north central Sri Lanka as part of a multidisciplinary study on malaria epidemiology. The watershed is representative of the ancient small tank-based irrigation network that still forms an important component of the rice production system in the low elevation dry zone. In total, 3,818 immatures representing 12 species were obtained from 2,940 samples taken from 5 larval habitats within the village ecosystem. Anopheles varuna Iyengar and An. culicifacies Giles were the most abundant species collected. Peak abundance in both species occurred in August-October. Anopheles barbirostris Van der Wulp and An. peditaeniatus Leicester also were abundant, but neither these nor the other anophelines attained comparable abundance to An. varuna and An. culicifacies. A clear progression in breeding habitat use from stream bed to tank bed and drainage area pools was seen in An. culicifacies during the premonsoon period. Environmental management measures to reduce or modify these habitats could potentially decrease malaria transmission.
4 Konradsen, F.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Fonseka, K. T. 1997. Household responses to malaria and their costs: a study from rural Sri Lanka. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 91:127-130.
Households ; Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Expenditure ; Irrigation ; Health / Sri Lanka / Asirigama / Eppawela / Mahameegaswewa / Namalapura / Siyambaladamana
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G744 KON Record No: H09225)
5 Konradsen, F.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 1997. Measuring the economic cost of malaria to households in Sri Lanka. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 56:656-660.
Households ; Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Economic aspects ; Irrigation ; Health ; Small scale systems / Sri Lanka / Anuradhapura / Mahameegaswewa
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G744 KON Record No: H09226)
6 Konradsen, F.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Matsuno, Y.; van der Hoek, W. 1998. Vector control linked to small-scale irrigation in Sri Lanka. In Konradsen, F.; van der Hoek, W. (Eds.), Health and irrigation: Proceedings of the Copenhagen Workshop on Health and Irrigation held in Eigtved's Pakhus, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Asiatisk Plads 2, DK, 1448 Copenhagen, Denmark, 18-20 August 1997. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IIMI. pp.3-4.
Tank irrigation ; Small scale systems ; Disease vectors ; Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Public health / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G000 KON Record No: H022053)
7 van der Hoek, W.; Konradsen, F.; Perera, D.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 1997. Correlation between rainfall and malaria in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 91(8):945-949.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 616.9362 G744 VAN Record No: H022648)
8 van der Hoek, W.; Konradsen, F.; Dijkstra, D. S.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 1998. Risk factors for malaria: a microepidemiological study in a village in Sri Lanka. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 92:265-269.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 616.9362 G744 VAN Record No: H022673)
9 van der Hoek, W.; Konradsen, F.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 1998. Characteristics of malaria vector breeding habitats in Sri Lanka: Relevance for environmental management. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 29(1):168-172.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G744 VAN Record No: H022674)
10 Konradsen, F.; Matsuno, Y.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; van der Hoek, W. 1998. Anopheles culicifacies breeding in Sri Lanka and options for control through water management. Acta Tropica, 71:131-138.
Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors ; Anopheles culicifacies ; Public health ; Control methods ; Water management ; Environmental effects ; Reservoir operation ; Irrigation canals ; Water measurement / Sri Lanka / Anuradhapura District / Mahameegaswewa Village / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7.5 G744 KON Record No: H023568)
11 Amerasinghe, F. P.; Konradsen, F.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; van der Hoek, W.; Fonseka, K. T.; Perera, D. 1998. Malaria vectors and transmission dynamics in a "purana" village ecosystem. [Abstract only]. In Careem, M. A.; Mendis, B. R. R. N.; Nelson, M. D. (Eds.). Proceedings and abstracts of the Annual Research Sessions, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, 7 November 1998. pp.22.
Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors ; Public health ; Villages ; Watersheds / Sri Lanka / Mahameegaswewa / Huruluwewa
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G744 AME Record No: H023817)
12 Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Konradsen, F.; Fonseka, K. T.; Wirtz, R. A. 1999. Malaria vectors in a traditional dry zone village in Sri Lanka. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 60(3):421-429.
Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Waterborne diseases ; Public health / Sri Lanka / Mahameegaswewa / Huruluwewa
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 616.9362 G744 AME Record No: H024197)
Malaria transmission by anopheline mosquitoes was studied in a traditional tank-irrigation-based rice-producing village in the malaria-endemic low country dry zone of northcentral Sri Lanka during the period August 1994-February 1997. Adult mosquitoes were collected from human and bovid bait catches, bovid-baited trap huts, indoor catches, and pit traps. Mosquito head-thoraces were tested for the presence of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, and blood-engorged abdomens for the presence of human blood by ELISAs. House surveys were done at two-day intervals to record cases of blood film-confirmed malaria among the villagers. A total of 7,823 female anophelines representing 14 species were collected. Trends in anopheline abundance were significantly correlated with rainfall of the preceding month in An. annularis, An. barbirostris, An. subpictus, An. vagus, and An. varuna, but were not significant in An. culicifacies and An. peditaeniatus. Malaria parasite infections were seen in seven mosquito species, with 75% of the positive mosquitoes containing P. falciparum and 25% P. vivax. Polymorph PV247 was recorded from a vector (i.e., An. varuna) for the first time in Sri Lanka. Computations of mean number of infective vector (MIV) rates using abundance, circumsporozoite (CS) protein rate, and human blood index (HBI) showed the highest rate in An. culicifacies. A malaria outbreak occurred from October 1994 to January 1995 in which 45.5% of village residents experienced at least a single disease episode. Thereafter, malaria incidence remained low. Anopheles culicifacies abundance lagged by one month correlated positively with monthly malaria incidence during the outbreak period, and although this species ranked fifth in terms of abundance, infection was associated with a high MIV rate due to a high CS protein rate and HBI. Abundance trends in other species did not correlate significantly with malaria. It was concluded that An. culicifacies was epidemiologically the most important vector in the study area.
13 Matsuno, Y.; Konradsen, F.; Tasumi, M.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Amerasinghe, P. H.. 1999. Control of malaria mosquito breeding through irrigation water management. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 15(1/2):93-105.
Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Waterborne diseases ; Reservoirs ; Water balance ; Models ; Water management ; Irrigation management ; Data collection ; Analysis / Sri Lanka / Huruluwewa / Habarana / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H024207)
14 Konradsen, F.; Steele, P.; Perera, D.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 1999. The cost of malaria control in Sri Lanka. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 77(4):301-309.
Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Waterborne diseases ; Public health ; Control methods ; Costs / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 616.9362 G744 KON Record No: H024661)
15 Konradsen, F.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Perera, D. 2000. A village treatment center for malaria: community response in Sri Lanka. Social Science and Medicine, 50(6):879-889.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 616.9362 G744 KON Record No: H025924)
Early diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases is one of the basic elements of the current global malaria control strategy. In order to provide this service to people in rural areas there is a need for new cost-effective approaches. To ensure that such new approaches are acceptable to the target communities, it is important to know the rationale for people's malaria treatment-seeking behavior. The present study provides insights into the reasons for people's preferences for different types of healthcare facilities and describes variation of these preferences within a rural community in Sri Lanka. The study reports on the experiences with the establishment of a village health facility and its effect on the treatment-seeking behavior of the population. After the introduction of the village treatment center it quickly took over the role of main provider for diagnosis and treatment of malaria from the government facilities. The treatment center did not improve the response time in seeking treatment for young children, but the delay for adults was reduced by 1-2 days. Mothers with small children often preferred the government facilities since they wanted a more qualified opinion than available from the locally recruited staff of the village treatment center. The treatment center significantly reduced the stress and discomfort experienced by the elderly and handicapped segment of the community. The study indicated that the effective catchment area of a village treatment center will be influenced by the degree of initial support from key individuals in the communities, the selection procedure and training of assistants, and the history of the relationships between different villages to be served by the center. The government health services and communities across the dry zone of Sri Lanka could benefit substantially from the establishment of more village treatment centers. To ensure the long-term sustainability of these type of facilities it is necessary to assess the feasibility of charging a user fee and establishing multi-purpose clinics. Government policies and administrative procedures will need to be adjusted to make the successful operation of village treatment centers possible.
16 Konradsen, F.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, P. H.. 2000. Malaria in Sri Lanka: Current knowledge on transmission and control. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI. xiv, 77p.
Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Waterborne diseases ; Environmental effects ; Public health ; Economic impact ; Social impact / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 616.9362 G744 KON Record No: H027692)
(1.52 MB) (1.52MB)
Malaria is a major health problem in Sri Lanka. Over the years a large pool of knowledge has accumulated on malaria in Sri Lanka. This book reviews a broad range of published literature of relevance for a description of malaria in Sri Lanka, including control aspects of the disease. Based on the literature examined, a general overview of the status of research in Sri Lanka is given, and areas where knowledge is lacking and further studies are required are identified.
17 Amerasinghe, F. P.; Konradsen, F.; van der Hoek, W.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Gunawardena, J. P. W.; Fonseka, K. T.; Jayasinghe, G. 2001. Small irrigation tanks as a source of malaria mosquito vectors: a study in north-central Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). v, 28p. (IWMI Research Report 057) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.062]
Watersheds ; Tank irrigation ; Rehabilitation ; Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors / Sri Lanka / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G744 AME Record No: H029424)
(1.28MB)
Thousands of small irrigation reservoirs (tanks) exist in rice ecosystems in malarious regions of south Asia. The potential of these tanks to generate malaria-transmitting mosquitoes has not been adequately evaluated. Through a study of nine small irrigation tanks in north-central Sri Lanka, this report provides an assessment of the capacity of tanks to generate malaria and nuisance mosquitoes, factors that contribute to mosquito generation, and measures that could ameliorate the problem.
18 van der Hoek, W.; Konradsen, F.; Amerasinghe, P. H.; Perera, D.; Piyaratne, M. K.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 2003. Towards a risk map of malaria for Sri Lanka: The importance of house location relative to vector breeding sites. International Journal of Epidemiology, 32(2):280-285.
Malaria ; Waterborne diseases ; Disease vectors ; Risks ; Villages / Sri Lanka / Anuradhapura District / Yan Oya
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 616.9362 G744 VAN Record No: H030983)
Background: In Sri Lanka, the major malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies breeds in pools formed in streams and river beds and it is likely that people living close to such breeding sites are at higher risk of malaria than people living further away. This study was done to quantify the importance of house location relative to vector breeding sites for the occurrence of malaria in order to assess the usefulness of this parameter in future malaria risk maps. Such risk maps could be important tools for planning efficient malaria control measures. Methods -- In a group of seven villages in north central Sri Lanka, malaria cases were compared with community controls for distance from house to breeding sites and a number of other variables, including type of housing construction and use of anti-mosquito measures. The presence of An. culicifacies in bedrooms was determined by indoor insecticide spray collections.Results -- People living within 750 m of the local stream, which was the established vector-breeding site, were at much higher risk for malaria than people living further away (odds ratio adjusted for confounding by other variables 5.93, 95% CI: 3.50–8.91). Houses close to the stream also had more adult An. culicifacies in the bedrooms. Poor housing construction was an independent risk factor for malaria.Conclusions -- Risk maps of malaria in Sri Lanka can be based on the location of houses relative to streams and rivers that are potential breeding sites for the malaria vector An. culicifacies. A distance of 750 m is suggested as the cut-off point in defining low- and high-risk villages.
19 Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P. 1999. Multiple host feeding in field populations of Anopheles culicifacies and An. Subpictus in Sri Lanka. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 13:124-131.
Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Anopheles culicifacies ; Anopheles subpictus ; Waterborne diseases / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6672 Record No: H033681)
20 Amerasinghe, P. H.; Amerasinghe, F. P.; Wirtz, R. A.; Indrajith, N. G.; Somapala, W.; Pereira, L. R.; Rathnayake, A. M. S. 1992. Malaria transmission by Anopheles subpictus (Diptera: culicidae) in a new irrigation project in Sri Lanka. Journal of Medical Entomology, 29:577-581.
Irrigation programs ; Development projects ; Waterborne diseases ; Malaria ; Disease vectors ; Anopheles subpictus / Sri Lanka / Mahaweli Project
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6673 Record No: H033682)
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