Your search found 52 records
1 Weligamage, Parakrama; Barker, Randolph; Hussain, Intizar; Amarasinghe, Upali; Samad, Madar. 2002. World irrigation and water statistics 2002: with a guide to data sources. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) 131p.
Statistics ; Irrigable land ; Cereals ; Prices ; River basins ; Dams ; Tube wells ; Public ownership ; Private ownership
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G000 WEL Record No: H030388)
(6.20 MB)
2 Weligamage, Parakrama; Barker, Randolph; Hussain, Intizar; Amarasinghe, Upali; Samad, Madar. 2002. World Irrigation and water statistics 2002: with a guide to data sources. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) 131p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G178 WEL c2 Record No: H041559)
3 de Fraiture, Charlotte; Amarasinghe, Upali. 2000. The PODIUM model. In IWMI, World water supply and demand: 1995-2025 – draft report. pp.51-60.
Water supply ; Water demand ; Water scarcity ; Forecasting ; Models ; Food production ; Water use ; Domestic water ; Evaporation
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G000 IWM Record No: H035069)
4 de Fraiture, Charlotte; Cai, X; Amarasinghe, Upali; Rosegrant, M.; Molden, David. 2004. Does international cereal trade save water?: the impact of virtual water trade on global water use. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Comprehensive Assessment Secretariat. v, 32p. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Research Report 004) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.389]
Cereals ; Trade policy ; Water use ; Irrigation water ; Productivity ; Evapotranspiration ; Water scarcity ; Water conservation
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G000 DEF Record No: H035342)
(2.58 MB)
5 Hussain, Intizar; Mudasser, Muhammad; Hanjra, Munir A.; Amarasinghe, Upali; Molden, David. 2004. Improving wheat productivity in Pakistan: econometric analysis using panel data from Chaj in the Upper Indus Basin. Water International, 29(2):189-200.
Irrigation management ; Irrigation canals ; Water allocation ; Wheat ; Productivity ; Policy ; Poverty ; Food security ; Economic analysis / Pakistan / Indus Basin / Chaj Doab
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H035580)
(0.20 MB)
6 Amarasinghe, Upali; Samad, Madar; Anputhas, Markandu. 2005. Locating the poor: spatially disaggregated poverty maps for Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). v, 33p. (IWMI Research Report 096) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.096]
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 339.46 G744 AMA Record No: H037905)
(1.56MB)
This report presents the results of subnational poverty estimation using aggregate poverty statistics and how they can help policy interventions. In particular, they estimate the poverty map across the DS division level in Sri Lanka. The poverty map depicts the proportion of households below the poverty line, which is based on household expenditure for food for obtaining the minimum calorie requirement.
7 Amarasinghe, Upali; Samad, Madar; Anputhas, Markandu. 2005. Spatial clustering of rural poverty and food insecurity in Sri Lanka. Food Policy, 30: 493-509.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 339.46 G744 AME Record No: H037889)
8 Amarasinghe, Upali; Anputhas, Markandu; Samad, Madar; Abayawardana, Sarath. 2006. Spatial clustering of the poor: Links with availability and access to land. In Melis, D. M.; Abeysuriya, M.; de Silva, N. (Eds.). Putting land first?: Exploring the links between land and poverty. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Centre for Poverty Analysis (CEPA) pp.331-363.
Poverty ; Land ownership ; Water availability ; Agricultural society ; Villages ; Regression analysis / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.31 G744 MEL Record No: H039608)
9 Bhaduri, Anik; Amarasinghe, Upali; Shah, Tushaar. 2006. Groundwater irrigation expansion in India: An analysis and prognosis. In 5th IWMI TATA Partnership Meet “Water and Equity” held at Anand, India, 8-10 March 2006. 28p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.6.3 G635 BHA Record No: H039616)
10 Shah, Tushaar; Amarasinghe, Upali; McCornick, Peter G. 2007. India’s River Linking Project: the state of the debate. In National Workshop on National River Linking Project of India: Analysis of Hydrological, Social and Ecological Issues, Delhi, India, 9-10 October 2007. 23p.
River basin management ; Water transfer ; Water scarcity ; Hydrology ; Ecology ; Environmental effects ; Social Aspects ; Economic aspects ; Water use ; Canals ; Political aspects / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G635 SHA Record No: H040787)
11 Amarasinghe, Upali; Shah, Tushaar; Turral, Hugh; Anand, B. K. 2007. India’s water future to 2025-2050: business as usual scenario and issues. Paper presented at the National Workshop on National River Linking Project of India: analysis of hydrological, social and ecological issues, Delhi, India, 9-10 October 2007. 47p.
Water demand ; River basins ; Water scarcity ; Domestic water ; Irrigation water ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Food consumption ; Food production ; Food security ; Water supply ; Population growth ; Income / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI HQ 333.91 G635 AMA Record No: H040791)
This report projects India’s water futures to 2025-2050. And it incorporates the recent changes of demographic patterns and economic environments into the water demand projections. The Business as Usual (BAU) scenario in this report projects the total water demand to increase by 22 and 32 percent by 2025 and 2050, respectively, from the present level of 680 billion cubic meters (BCM). The industrial and the domestic sectors account for 85 percent of the additional demand by 2050. Groundwater dominates irrigation growth of the BAU scenario. This, combined with higher irrigation efficiencies, decreases the irrigation water demand over the 2025-2050 period. The food grain demand under the BAU scenario is projected to decrease. However, the nutritional intake will increase with more non-grain products in the diet, with non-grain products providing 54 percent of the daily calorie supply by 2050. Although the value of grain crop production shows a surplus, the BAU scenario projects substantial imports of maize and pulses and exports of rice and wheat. The BAU scenario envisaged substantial investments for increasing groundwater recharge, spreading water saving technologies, and crop productivity growth. And failing so could require substantial surface water resources, perhaps transfers between basins, especially for meeting the rapidly increasing water demand of industrial and domestic sectors.
12 Bhaduri, Anik; Amarasinghe, Upali; Shah, Tushaar. 2007. Assessing the irrigation benefits of Polavaram Project in Andhra Pradesh. In National Workshop on National River Linking Project of India: analysis of hydrological, social and ecological issues, Delhi, India, 9-10 October 2007. 32p.
Irrigation programs ; River basins ; Water scarcity ; Water transfer ; Crop management ; Groundwater irrigation ; Tank irrigation ; Dams ; Livestock / India / Andhra Pradesh / Polavaram Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI HQ 631.7 G635 BHA Record No: H040792)
13 Amarasinghe, Upali; Bhaduri, Anik; Singh, O. P.; Anand, B. K. 2007. Managing the unreliability of canal water: case study of diggies in Rajasthan. In National Workshop on National River Linking Project of India: analysis of hydrological, social and ecological issues, Delhi, India, 9-10 October 2007. 22p.
Irrigation canals ; Water delivery ; Irrigation scheduling ; Water storage ; Tanks ; Operations ; Maintenance ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Groundwater irrigation ; Crop production / India / Rajasthan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI HQ 631.7 G635 AMA Record No: H040793)
14 Amarasinghe, Upali; Shah, Tushaar; Singh, O. P.; Anand, B. K. 2007. Benefits of irrigation water transfers in the National River Linking Project: a case of Ken-Betwa Project. Paper presented at the National Workshop on National River Linking Project of India: analysis of hydrological, social and ecological issues, Delhi, India, 9-10 October 2007. 20p.
River basin management ; Water transfer ; Irrigation programs ; Crop production ; Livestock / India / Ken-Betwa Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI HQ 631.7 G635 AMA Record No: H040794)
15 Amarasinghe, Upali; Shah, Tushaar; Turral, Hugh; Anand, B. K. 2007. India’s water future to 2025-2050: business-as-usual scenario and deviations. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 41p. (IWMI Research Report 123) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.124]
Water demand ; Water supply ; Population growth ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Groundwater irrigation ; Food security / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G635 AMA Record No: H040852)
(677 KB)
With a rapidly expanding economy many changes are taking place in India today. The business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, which assumes the continuation of current trends of key water demand drivers, will meet the future food demand. However, it leads to a severe regional water crisis by 2050, where many river basins will reach closure, will be physically water-scarce and will have regions with severely overexploited groundwater resources. While the alternative scenarios of water demand show both optimistic and pessimistic water futures, the scenario with additional productivity growth is the most optimistic, with significant scope for reducing future water demand.
16 Hussain, Intizar; Sakthivadivel, R; Amarasinghe, Upali. 2003. Land and water productivity of wheat in the Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and Pakistan: a comparative analysis. In Kijne, J. W.; Barker, R.; Molden. D. (Eds.). Water productivity in agriculture: limits and opportunities for improvement. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.255-271. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 1)
Wheat ; Crop yield ; Productivity ; Watercourses ; Water quality ; Groundwater ; Water use ; Irrigation canals ; Water allocation ; Policy / India / Pakistan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.2 G000 KIJ Record No: H041504)
17 Sharma, Bharat R.; Rao, K. V.; Vittal, K. P. R.; Ramakrishna, Y. S.; Amarasinghe, Upali. 2010. Estimating the potential of rainfed agriculture in India: prospects for water productivity improvements. Agricultural Water Management, 97(1):23-30. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.08.002]
Rainfed farming ; Water productivity ; Water harvesting ; Supplemental irrigation ; Water use efficiency ; Economic aspects / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042486)
(0.35 MB)
A detailed district and agro-ecoregional level study comprising the 604 districts of India was undertaken to (i) identify dominant rainfed districts for major rainfed crops, (ii) make a crop-specific assessment of the surplus runoff water available for water harvesting and the irrigable area, (iii) estimate the efficiency of regional rain water use and incremental production due to supplementary irrigation for different crops, and (iv) conduct a preliminary economic analysis of water harvesting/supplemental irrigation to realize the potential of rainfed agriculture. A climatic water balance analysis of 225 dominant rainfed districts provided information on the possible surplus runoff during the year and the cropping season. On a potential (excluding very arid and wet areas) rainfed cropped area of 28.5 million ha, a surplus rainfall of 114 billion m3 (Bm3) was available for harvesting. A part of this amount of water is adequate to provide one turn of supplementary irrigation of 100 mm depth to 20.65 Mha during drought years and 25.08 Mha during normal years. Water used in supplemental irrigation had the highest marginal productivity and increase in rainfed production above 12% was achievable even under traditional practices. Under improved management, an average increase of 50% in total production can be achieved with a single supplemental irrigation. Water harvesting and supplemental irrigation are economically viable at the national level. Net benefits improved by about threefold for rice, fourfold for pulses and sixfold for oilseeds. Droughts have very mild impacts on productivity when farmers are equipped with supplemental irrigation.
18 Amarasinghe, Upali; Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh; Sharma, Bharat R. 2010. Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India. Natural Resources Forum, 34:188-199.
Water scarcity ; Water productivity ; Water deficit ; Rainfed farming ; Supplemental irrigation ; Yield gap / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043093)
(0.19 MB)
Improvements in water productivity (WP) are often suggested as one of the alternative strategies for overcoming growing water scarcity in India. This paper explores the potential improvements in WP of food grains at district level, which currently varies between 0.11 and 1.01 kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m3), in the 403 districts that account for 98% of the total production of food grains. The paper first finds the maximum yield function conditional on consumptive water use (CWU) and then explores the potential improvements in WP by: (a) bridging the gap between actual and maximum yield while keeping CWU constant; and (b) changing the maximum yield by adjusting the CWU using supplementary or deficit irrigation. Deficit irrigation in some areas may decrease yield but can increase production if land availability is not a constraint. A large potential exists for bridging the yield gap in irrigated areas with CWU between 300 and 475 mm. Of the 222 districts that fall under this category, a 50% reduction in yield gap alone could increase production by 100 million tonnes (Mt) without increasing CWU. Supplementary irrigation can increase yield and WP in rain-fed and irrigated areas of 266 and 16 districts with CWU is below 300 mm. Deficit irrigation in irrigated areas of 185 districts with CWU above 475 mm could increase yield, WP and production. Decreasing CWU in irrigated areas with CWU between 425 and 475 mm reduces yield slightly, but if availability of land is not a constraint then the benefits due to water saving and production increases could exceed the cost.
19 Saleth, R. M.; Amarasinghe, Upali. 2010. Promoting irrigation demand management in India: options, linkages and strategy. Water Policy, 12(6):832-850. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.038]
Irrigation efficiency ; Cost recovery ; Water demand ; Water market ; Water rights ; Water user associations / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043186)
(1.38 MB)
Against the backdrop of a discussion on the rationale, logic and scope of irrigation demand management in India, this paper provides a brief overview of the status, effectiveness and technical and institutional requirements of six demand management options, that is, water pricing, water markets, water rights, energy regulations, water saving technologies and user organizations. The paper then develops a framework that captures the analytics of irrigation demand management in terms of both the impact pathways of and the operational linkages between the options and their underlying institutions. Using this framework, the paper also outlines a strategy for irrigation demand management that can exploit the inherent synergies between the options and align them well with the underlying institutional structure and its environment. After discussing how such a strategy can be effectively promoted within the institutional and political constraints facing countries such as India, the paper concludes with the policy implications of irrigation demand management.
20 Sharma, Bharat R.; Amarasinghe, Upali; Cai, Xueliang; de Condappa, D.; Shah, Tushaar; Mukherji, Aditi; Bharati, Luna; Ambili, G.; Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Pant, Dhruba; Xenarios, Stefanos; Singh, R.; Smakhtin, Vladimir. 2010. The Indus and the Ganges: river basins under extreme pressure. Water International, 35(5):493-521. (Special Issue on "Water, Food and Poverty in River Basins, Part 1" with contributions by IWMI authors). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2010.512996]
River basins ; Groundwater management ; Electrical energy ; Water productivity ; Irrigation water ; Rice ; Wheat ; Evapotranspiration ; Cropping systems ; Water governance ; Watercourses ; Water conservation ; Water costs ; Water policy ; Multiple use ; Rural poverty / India / Pakistan / Nepal / Bangladesh / Indus River Basin / Ganges River Basin / Bhakra Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H043246)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02508060.2010.512996
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043246.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043246.pdf
(8.90 MB) (1.77MB)
The basins of the Indus and Ganges rivers cover 2.20 million km2 and are inhabited by more than a billion people. The region is under extreme pressures of population and poverty, unregulated utilization of the resources and low levels of productivity. The needs are: (1) development policies that are regionally differentiated to ensure resource sustainability and high productivity; (2) immediate development and implementation of policies for sound groundwater management and energy use; (3) improvement of the fragile food security and to broaden its base; and (4) policy changes to address land fragmentation and improved infrastructure. Meeting these needs will help to improve productivity, reduce rural poverty and improve overall human development.
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