Your search found 8 records
1 Biggs, Trent; Gaur, Anju; Scott, C.; Thenkabail, Prasad; Gangadhara Rao, Parthasaradhi; Gumma, Murali Krishna; Acharya, Sreedhar; Turral, Hugh. 2007. Closing of the Krishna Basin: irrigation, streamflow depletion and macroscale hydrology. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 38p. (IWMI Research Report 111) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.111]
River basins ; Physical geography ; Climate ; Stream flow ; Hydrology ; Rainfall runoff relationships ; Evapotranspiration ; Irrigation programs ; Water allocation ; Water transfer ; Environmental effects ; Water quality / India / Krishna River / Andhra Pradesh / Maharashtra / Karnataka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 551.483 G635 BIG Record No: H040373)
(1.33MB)
Discharge from the Krishna River into the ocean decreased by 75 percent from 1960-2005, and was zero during a recent multi-year drought. This paper describes the physical geography and hydrology of the Krishna Basin, including runoff production and a basic water account based on hydronomic zones. More than 50 percent of the basin's irrigated area is groundwater irrigation, which is not currently included in inter-state allocation rules. Future water allocation will require inclusion of the interactions among all irrigated areas, including those irrigated by groundwater and surface water.
2 Gaur, Anju; McCornick, Peter G.; Turral, Hugh; Acharya, Sreedhar. 2007. Implications of drought and water regulation in the Krishna Basin, India. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 23(4):583-594.
Drought ; Assessment ; River basins ; Water allocation ; Farmers ; Irrigation water ; Reservoirs ; Dams ; Drinking water ; Water rights ; Water policy / India / Krishna Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G635 GAU Record No: H040512)
3 Gaur, Anju; McCornick, Peter G.; Turral, Hugh; Acharya, Sreedhar. 2008. The challenge of inter-state water management. id21 Natural Resources Highlights, November 2008 (7 Water): 2.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042387)
4 Bharati, Luna; Anand, B. K.; Garg, Kaushal; Acharya, Sreedhar. 2009. Assessing water allocation strategies in the Krishna River Basin, South India. In Bloschl, G.; van de Giesen, N.; Muralidharan, D.; Ren, L.; Seyler, F.; Sharma, U.; Vrba, J. (Eds.). Improving integrated surface and groundwater resources management in a vulnerable and changing world: proceedings of Symposium JS.3 at the Joint Convention of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) and the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), Hyderabad, India, 6-12 September 2009. Wallingford, UK: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) pp.354-361. (IAHS Publication 330)
Water transfer ; Water allocation ; River basins ; Case studies / India / Krishna River / Godavari River / Polavaram Project / Upper Bhima Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042524)
(0.85 MB)
Water allocation rules are put into place to ensure that various parties receive a portion of developed water supplies. In the Krishna basin, India, all the water available is fully allocated to some purpose for a large part of the year. Over 90% of the allocated water is for irrigation. However, due to increasing demands from the domestic and industrial sectors, as well as expansion in irrigation areas, there is growing competition between the different water use sectors, as well as the three riparian states that share the Krishna basin. In this study, the WEAP (Water Evaluation and Planning) model is used to assess two case studies in which the implications of two separate water transfer schemes are analysed. The first case study presents the feasibility of a proposed water transfer scheme from the Godawari River at the downstream part of the Krishna River. The second case study presents analysis from the Upper Bhima catchment in the upstream part of the Krishna basin. In the second case study, the impact of water transfer out of the basin for electricity generation, on downstream agricultural water demands, is analysed. Results from both studies stress the fact that water resources management in the region has to be done on a seasonal basis by taking monthly variability into consideration. In both cases, water scarcity occurs during the critical dry months.
5 Amerasinghe, Priyanie; Weckenbrock, P.; Simmons, R.; Acharya, Sreedhar; Drescher, A.; Blummel, M. 2009. An atlas of water quality, health and agronomic risks and benefits associated with "wastewater" irrigated agriculture: a study from the banks of the Musi River, India. [Report prepared for the IWMI-BMZ project]. Hyderabad, India: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 62p.
Maps ; Wastewater irrigation ; Rivers ; Water quality ; Rural communities ; Parasitoses ; Health hazards / India / Pakistan / Musi River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042566)
http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/volltexte/6963/pdf/India_Atlas_Wastewater_Irrigation_Project.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042566.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042566.pdf
(1.34 MB)
This atlas provides information on the salient findings of the project entitled "Ensuring Health and Food Safety from Rapidly Expanding Wastewater Irrigation in South Asia" coordinated by the International Water Management Institute (Hyderabad office). The three year project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung - BMZ) was carried out in two countries, India and Pakistan, in collaboration with a number of international and local partners. This atlas highlights the findings from India. The atlas comprises thematic maps and their corresponding descriptions highlighting the key findings of the project. The wastewater use in agriculture described here is associated with a polluted riverine system, due to all types of city discharges. As such, it can be expected that the water quality can change considerably in different stretches of the 40 km stretch of the river, with the head end being more polluted than the tail end. Therefore in order to avoid a rigid classification, the descriptions to the maps refer to the term "(Musi) river water". In the rest of text, the term "wastewater" is used in the context of the chemical and biological attributes associated with agronomic and health risks in any given stretch of the river. The atlas was prepared as a summary document of the key findings of the project, to promote a discussion on the wastewater use in agriculture, at the dissemination workshop held in October 2008.
6 Venot, Jean-Philippe; Jella, Kiran; Bharati, Luna; George, B.; Biggs, T.; Gangadhara Rao, Parthasaradhi; Gumma, M. K.; Acharya, Sreedhar. 2010. Farmers' adaptation and regional land use changes in irrigation systems under fluctuating water supply, South India. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 136(9):595-609. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000225]
Irrigation systems ; Irrigation programs ; Water shortage ; Water scarcity ; Water availability ; River basins ; Crop management ; Productivity / India / Nagarjuna Sagar Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H043081)
(2.46 MB)
In closing river basins where nearly all available water is committed to existing uses, downstream irrigation projects are expected to experience water shortages more frequently. Understanding the scope for resilience and adaptation of large surface irrigation systems is vital to the development of management strategies designed to mitigate the impact of river basin closure on food production and the livelihoods of farmers. A multi-level analysis (farm level surveys and regional assessment through remote sensing techniques and statistics) of the dynamics of irrigation and land use in the Nagarjuna Sagar project (South India) in times of changing water availability (2000–2006) highlights that during low flow years, there is large-scale adoption of rainfed —or supplementary irrigated- crops that have lower land productivity but higher water productivity, and that a large fraction of land is fallowed. Cropping pattern changes during the drought reveal short term coping strategies rather than long-term evolutions: after the shock, farmers reverted to their usual cropping patterns during years with adequate canal supplies. For the sequence of water supply fluctuations observed from 2000–2006, the Nagarjuna Sagar irrigation system shows a high level of sensitivity to short-term perturbations, but long-term resilience if flows recover. Management strategies accounting for local level adaptability will be necessary to mitigate the impacts of low flow years but there is scope for improvement of the performance of the system.
7 Garg, K. K.; Bharati, Luna; Gaur, A.; George, B.; Acharya, Sreedhar; Jella, Kiran; Narasimhan, B. 2012. Spatial mapping of agricultural water productivity using the SWAT model in upper Bhima catchment, India. Irrigation and Drainage, 61(1):60-79. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.618]
Water productivity ; Irrigated farming ; Irrigation programs ; Crop production ; Mapping ; Simulation models ; Hydrology ; Models ; Water balance ; River basins ; Economic aspects / India / Upper Bhima River Basin / Ujjani Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H043722)
(1.99 MB)
The Upper Bhima River Basin is facing both episodic and chronic water shortages due to intensive irrigation development. The main objective of this study was to characterize the hydrologic processes of the Upper Bhima River Basin and assess crop water productivity using the distributed hydrologic model, SWAT. Rainfall within the basin varies from 450 to 5000 mm in a period of 3–4 months. The basin has an average rainfall of 711 mm (32 400 Mm 3 (million cubic metres)) in a normal year, of which 12.8% (4150 Mm 3 ) and 21% (6800 Mm 3) are captured by the reservoirs and groundwater reserves, respectively, 7% (2260 Mm 3 (exported as runoff out of the basin and the rest (63%) used in evapotranspiration. Agricultural water productivity for sugarcane, sorghum and millet were estimated as 2.90, 0.51 and 0.30 kg m¯3, respectively, which were signi cantly lower than the potential and global maximum in the basin and warrant further improvement. Various scenarios involving different cropping patterns were tested with the goal of increasing economic water productivity values in the Ujjani Irrigation Scheme. Analysis suggests that maximization of the area by provision of supplemental irrigation to rainfed areas as well as better on-farm water management practices can provide opportunities for improving water productivity.
8 Pavelic, Paul; Patankar, U.; Acharya, Sreedhar; Jella, Kiran; Gumma, M. K. 2012. Role of groundwater in buffering irrigation production against climate variability at the basin scale in South-West India. Agricultural Water Management, 103(1):78-87. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2011.10.01]
Groundwater irrigation ; Wells ; Resource depletion ; Aquifers ; Climate change ; River basins ; Rain ; Hydrology ; Water scarcity ; Water stress ; Water scarcity / India / Upper Bhima River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H044570)
(2.01 MB)
The basaltic aquifers of the Upper Bhima River Basin in India are highly utilized for irrigation but the sustainability of groundwater withdrawals and the agricultural production systems they support is largely unknown. Here we used hydrogeological data, supported by secondary data, to assess the effects of water scarcity over a decade-long period (1998–2007) on the groundwater resources at the regional basin scale. This reveals no evidence of systematic declines in total groundwater availability over the period; only shorter-term losses/gains in storage associated with successive dry/wet years. The clearest indicator of stress comes from the more widespread drying out of wells following lower rainfall years throughout the basin and especially in upland areas where aquifers are least developed and most easily drained. Groundwater in the basin offers an adaptive mechanism to climate variability to some degree, but the buffering capacity is constrained by low aquifer storativity and average residence times of just a few years. Around 40% of the basin is currently at a level of development that is of concern, and the number of irrigation wells is growing rapidly. However recent evidence of conversion from high to low water use crops indicates the adaptive capacity of farmers to water-related stresses. Surplus surface water ows may provide opportunities to enhance groundwater recharge but requires careful trade-off analysis of the downstream impacts.
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