Your search found 127 records
1 Vorosmarty, C. J.; McIntyre, P. B.; Gessner, M. O.; Dudgeon, D.; Prusevich, A.; Green, P.; Glidden, S.; Bunn, S. E.; Sullivan, C. A.; Reidy Liermann, C. 2010. Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature, 467:555-562. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09549]
Water security ; Rivers ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Environmental effects ; Frameworks ; Water resources development ; Maps
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044244)
(2.65 MB)
Protecting the world’s freshwater resources requires diagnosing threats over a broad range of scales, fromglobal to local. Here we present the first worldwide synthesis to jointly consider human and biodiversity perspectives on water security using a spatial framework that quantifies multiple stressors and accounts for downstream impacts. We find that nearly 80% of the world’s population is exposed to high levels of threat to water security. Massive investment in water technology enables rich nations to offset high stressor levels without remedying their underlying causes, whereas less wealthy nations remain vulnerable. A similar lack of precautionary investment jeopardizes biodiversity, with habitats associated with 65% of continental discharge classified as moderately to highly threatened. The cumulative threat framework offers a tool for prioritizing policy and management responses to this crisis, and underscores the necessity of limiting threats at their source instead of through costly remediation of symptoms in order to assure global water security for both humans and freshwater biodiversity.
2 Bloschl, G.; Sivapalan, M.; Wagener, T.; Viglione, A.; Savenije, H. (Eds.) 2013. Runoff prediction in ungauged basins: synthesis across processes, places and scales. New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. 462p.
River basins ; Runoff ; Data ; Frameworks ; Hydrology ; Forecasting ; Assessment ; Catchment areas ; Water storage ; Water levels ; Water balance ; Flow discharge ; Water power ; Precipitation ; Evaporation ; Soil moisture ; Remote sensing ; Land cover ; Land use ; Geology ; Environmental flows ; Rain ; Floods ; Reservoirs ; Case studies ; Models / South East Asia / India / China / Russia / Canada / South Africa / Lesotho / USA / Italy / Austria / Chile / France / Zambia / Ghana / Zimbabwe / Australia / Sweden / Krishna Basin / Huangshui River Basin / Siberian Catchment / Andean Catchment / Luangwa Basin / Mekong River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.488 G000 BLO Record No: H046226)
(0.54 MB)
3 Ratner, B. D.; Meinzen-Dick, R.; Hellin, J.; Mapedza, Everisto; Unruh, J.; Veening, W.; Haglund, E.; May, C.; Bruch, C. 2013. Addressing conflict through collective action in natural resource management: a synthesis of experience. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 41p. (CAPRi Working Paper 112) [doi: https://doi.org/10.2499/CAPRiWP112]
Natural resources management ; Collective action ; Conflict ; Risks ; Institutions ; Frameworks ; Cooperation ; Sociology ; Ecology ; Governance ; Food production ; Rural areas ; Living standards / Africa / Asia / Latin America
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046235)
(0.52 MB) (528.95 KB)
The food security crisis, international “land grabs,” and new markets for environmental services have drawn renewed attention to the role of natural resource competition in the livelihoods of the rural poor. While significant empirical research has focused on diagnosing the links between natural resource competition and (violent) conflict, much less has focused on the dynamics of whether and how resource competition can be transformed to strengthen social-ecological resilience and mitigate conflict. Focusing on this latter theme, this review synthesizes evidence from a wide range of cases in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Building on an analytical framework designed to enable such comparative analysis; we present several propositions about the dynamics of conflict and collective action in natural resource management, and a series of recommendations for action. These propositions are: that collective action in natural resources management is influenced by the social-ecological and governance context, that natural resource management institutions affect the incentives for conflict or cooperation, and that the outcomes of these interactions influence future conflict risk, livelihoods, and resource sustainability. Action recommendations concern policies addressing resource tenure, conflict resolution mechanisms, and social inequalities, as well as strategies to strengthen collective action institutions in the natural resource sectors and to enable more equitable engagement by marginalized groups in dialogue and negotiation over resource access and use.
4 Solik, B.; Penning-Rowsell, E. C. 2017. Adding an implementation phase to the framework for flood policy evolution: insights from South Africa. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(1):51-68. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1142860]
Disaster risk management ; Risk reduction ; Flooding ; Policy ; Evolution ; Frameworks ; Legislation ; Weather hazards ; Assessment ; State intervention ; Case studies / South Africa / Eden District Municipality
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048005)
(1.44 MB)
South African flood risk management policy changed radically after the end of apartheid (1994), with the Disaster Management Act of 2002 promoting a modern proactive approach. However, policy document research and two case studies show an implementation deficit. The ‘crises and catalysts’ theoretical framework used to analyze flood policy evolution needs more attention to implementation issues and the learning involved. Future flood policy change in South Africa or elsewhere should ensure that the process of learning is purposefully embedded within the structures, procedures and practices that are promoted to facilitate policy implementation, rather than being left to chance.
5 Monney, I.; Ocloo, K. 2017. Towards sustainable utilisation of water resources: a comprehensive analysis of Ghana’s National Water Policy. Water Policy, 19(3):377-389. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.114]
Water resources ; Water management ; Water policy ; Performance evaluation ; Frameworks ; Assessment ; Water supply ; Water use ; Sustainable development / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048184)
(0.17 MB)
In the years ahead, meeting the challenges of food security in a water scarce world will require drastic changes in the way water resources are managed. Accordingly, Ghana’s water sector has seen tremendous changes over the years culminating in the 2007 National Water Policy. This paper evaluates the policy to highlight its strengths and weaknesses, to inform possible future review and guide new policy development in developing countries or troubleshoot existing policies. It draws on a framework based on three thematic areas distilled from global water policy development guidelines. Using a 3-point Likert scale, sub-thematic components are ranked and used to quantitatively compute the theme-specific scores (TSS) and the overall performance (OP) of the policy. Per the study findings, cross-cutting water policy issues including integrated water resources management, climate change adaptation and gender mainstreaming are more highlighted (TSS ¼ 67%) than country-specific water management issues (TSS ¼ 50%). Specifically, the policy neglects key national issues including protection of coastal regions from the onslaught of sea waves, and water resource protection against oil spills, and its institutional framework for implementation excludes key sector institutions. Generally, the policy addresses most pertinent issues in the water sector (OP ¼ 64%) and areas for improvement are further discussed in the paper.
6 Gawel, E.; Bretschneider, W. 2017. Specification of a human right to water: a sustainability assessment of access hurdles. Water International, 42(5):505-526. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2017.1342062]
Water supply ; Human rights ; Water availability ; Water rights ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Assessment ; Water market ; Water rates ; Pricing ; Water policy ; Frameworks ; Privatization ; Corporate culture ; Economic aspects ; Social aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048238)
(1.85 MB)
Any implementation of the right to water requires a sound specification. For that purpose, this article offers an innovative analytical framework. First, the object of the analysis should be the hurdles to access (pecuniary, spatial, temporal, qualitative), not least because they partly fulfil sustainability functions. Second, these hurdles need to be assessed on the basis of three criteria: functionality, reasonableness and non-discrimination. This framework allows the identification of supply situations that infringe upon the right to water, provides starting points for improving access, and honours the commitment of the Sustainable Development Goals to take equal account of social and sustainability concerns.
7 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2017. A framework for freshwater ecosystem management. Vol. 1. Overview and guide for country implementation. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 40p.
Freshwater ; Ecosystem management ; Frameworks ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Ecosystem services ; Ecological factors ; Indicators ; Assessment ; Monitoring ; Governance ; Institutions
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048536)
http://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/22243/Framework_Freshwater_Ecosystem_Mgt_vol1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048536.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048536.pdf
(1.91 MB) (1.91 MB)
8 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2017. A framework for freshwater ecosystem management. Vol. 2. Technical guide for classification and target-setting. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 72p.
Freshwater ; Ecosystem management ; Frameworks ; Guidelines ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Ecosystem services ; Groundwater ; Water quality ; River basins ; Lakes ; Wetlands ; Coastal area ; Estuaries ; Biological indicators ; Ecological indicators ; Chemicophysical properties ; Monitoring ; Assessment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048537)
http://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/22242/Framework_Freshwater_Ecosystem_Mgt_vol2.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048537.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048537.pdf
(3.34 MB) (3.34 MB)
9 Lele, S.; Srinivasan, V; Thomas, B. K.; Jamwal, P. 2018. Adapting to climate change in rapidly urbanizing river basins: insights from a multiple-concerns, multiple-stressors, and multi-level approach. Water International, 43(2):281-304. (Special issue: Climate Change and Adaptive Water Management: Innovative Solutions from the Global South). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2017.1416442]
Climate change adaptation ; River basins ; Urbanization ; Households ; Resilience ; Frameworks ; Water quality ; Public health ; Water supply ; Upstream ; Downstream ; Watersheds ; Agriculture ; Equity ; Sustainability / India / Cauvery River / Arkavathy Sub-Basin / Noyyal Sub-Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048593)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02508060.2017.1416442?needAccess=true
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048593.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048593.pdf
(3.21 MB) (3.21 MB)
Much of the research on climate change adaptation in rapidly urbanizing developing regions focuses primarily on adaptation or resilience as the goal, assumes that climate change is the major stressor, and focuses on the household or the city as the unit of analysis. In this article, we use findings from two rapidly urbanizing sub-basins of the Cauvery River in southern India (the Arkavathy and Noyyal sub-basins) to argue for a broader analytic and policy framework that explicitly considers multiple normative concerns and stressors, and uses the entire watershed as the unit of analysis to address the climate–water interaction.
10 Torou, Bio Mohamadou; Debevec, Liza; Da, D. E. C. 2018. La difficile territorialisation de la gestion de l’eau au Burkina Faso: une lecture au filtre de la theorie de la proximite. In French. [Challenging territorialization of water management in Burkina Faso: analysis through the framework of proximity]. Developpement Durable et Territoires, 9(1):1-20. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4000/developpementdurable.12046]
Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water user associations ; Committees ; Spatial distribution ; Territory ; Local communities ; Conflict ; Frameworks / Burkina Faso / Kou / Yitenga
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048719)
https://journals.openedition.org/developpementdurable/pdf/12046
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048719.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048719.pdf
(0.47 MB) (480 KB)
Our paper aims to analyze the modalities of coordination among local actors who are involved in integrated water resources management. So as to understand the dynamics of territorialization, we ground our analysis in the proximity framework to highlight that social and spatial relations around water resources are unbalanced. How this spatial inequality is taken into account may favor, or on the contrary, harm the sustainability of coordination. The approach in terms of proximity allows us to account for the complex articulation between the processes of territorial construction and the subsidiarity and participation principles presented as gage of IWRM success.
11 Garg, N. K.; Azad, S. 2018. A framework model for water-sharing among co-basin states of a river basin. Journal of Hydrology, 560:289-300. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.03.037]
Water allocation ; Cooperation ; Frameworks ; Models ; River basins ; Water demand ; Water supply ; Conflict management ; Catchment areas ; Sensitivity analysis / India / Odisha / Andhra Pradesh / Vamsadhara River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048790)
(2.65 MB)
A new framework model is presented in this study for sharing of water in a river basin using certain governing variables, in an effort to enhance the objectivity for a reasonable and equitable allocation of water among co-basin states. The governing variables were normalised to reduce the governing variables of different co-basin states of a river basin on same scale. In the absence of objective methods for evaluating the weights to be assigned to co-basin states for water allocation, a framework was conceptualised and formulated to determine the normalised weighting factors of different co-basin states as a function of the governing variables. The water allocation to any co-basin state had been assumed to be proportional to its struggle for equity, which in turn was assumed to be a function of the normalised discontent, satisfaction, and weighting factors of each co-basin state. System dynamics was used effectively to represent and solve the proposed model formulation. The proposed model was successfully applied to the Vamsadhara river basin located in the South–Eastern part of India, and a sensitivity analysis of the proposed model parameters was carried out to prove its robustness in terms of the proposed model convergence and validity over the broad spectrum values of the proposed model parameters. The solution converged quickly to a final allocation of 1444 million cubic metre (MCM) in the case of the Odisha co-basin state, and to 1067 MCM for the Andhra Pradesh co-basin state. The sensitivity analysis showed that the proposed model’s allocation varied from 1584 MCM to 1336 MCM for Odisha state and from 927 to 1175 MCM for Andhra, depending upon the importance weights given to the governing variables for the calculation of the weighting factors. Thus, the proposed model was found to be very flexible to explore various policy options to arrive at a decision in a water sharing problem. It can therefore be effectively applied to any trans-boundary problem where there is conflict about water-sharing among co-basin states.
12 Global Water Intelligence (GWI). 2012. Sludge management: opportunities in growing volumes, disposal restrictions and energy recovery. Oxford, UK: Media Analytics Ltd. 296p.
Waste management ; Sludge treatment ; Waste disposal ; Resource recovery ; Energy recovery ; Industrial wastes ; Urban wastes ; Regulations ; Frameworks ; European Union ; Waste water treatment plants ; Technology ; Strategies ; Dewatering ; Anaerobic digestion ; Drying ; Thermal energy ; Pollutants ; Chemical reactions ; Biogas ; Nutrients ; Landfills ; Agricultural sector ; Market access ; Market research ; Market segmentation ; Costs ; Public opinion ; Case studies / North America / Europe / Middle East / North Africa / USA / Canada / China / Brazil / Japan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 628.364 G000 GLO, e-copy SF Record No: H048869)
(1.08 MB)
13 Ash, N.; Blanco, H.; Brown, C.; Garcia, K.; Henrichs, T.; Lucas, N.; Raudsepp-Hearne, C.; Simpson, R. D.; Scholes, R.; Tomich, T. P.; Vira, B.; Zurek, M. (Eds.) 2010. Ecosystems and human well-being: a manual for assessment practitioners. Washington, DC, USA: Island Press. 264p.
Ecosystem services ; Living standards ; Assessment ; Manuals ; Decision making ; Participatory approaches ; Participatory communication ; Stakeholders ; Governance ; Valuation ; Trends ; Frameworks ; Ownership ; Indicators ; Intervention ; Strategies ; Outreach
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.714 G000 ASH Record No: H048954)
(0.37 MB)
14 Haie, N.; Freitas, M. R.; Pereira, J. C. 2018. Integrating water footprint and sefficiency: overcoming water footprint criticisms and improving decision making. Water Alternatives, 11(3):933-956.
Water footprint ; Virtual water ; Water resources ; Water management ; International trade ; Strategies ; Decision making ; Water use efficiency ; Sustainability ; Water policy ; Water quality ; Frameworks ; Performance indexes ; Economic value
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048992)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/471-a11-3-24/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048992.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048992.pdf
(1.30 MB) (1.30 MB)
The Water Footprint Network (WFN) methodology has emerged as a major framework of/for policy analysis as water problems increase. Being addressed by a growing body of literature, water footprint (WF) accounting has advanced substantially in recent years, whereas its sustainability assessment has lagged behind. For this and other reasons, the suitability of WF in guiding water management and planning has been criticised. Simultaneously, water efficiency has gone through much discussion and a new framework called 'sefficiency' (sustainable efficiency) has been presented. It uses a universal law (water balance) to develop systemic and comprehensive performance indicators, integrating water quantity, pollution and value to reveal their trade-offs in multi-level governance with climate descriptors and stakeholder enablers. This article revisits WF criticisms in six categories and advances the sustainability assessment phase of the WFN framework via sefficiency. Starting from, and critically reviewing, a two-country example presented by Dennis Wichelns, we illustrate, through nine (3x3) scenarios, real possibilities of integrating WF and sefficiency. The results reveal that economic and/or WF perspectives alone are insufficient to improve water decision-making processes, not necessarily guaranteeing an increase in the performance of the full system. Consequently, policy makers should be doubly careful about, for example, WF reductions, if sefficiency also decreases.
15 McMillan, M.; Rodrik, D.; Sepulveda, C. (Eds.) 2016. Structural change, fundamentals, and growth: a framework and case studies. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 305p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896292147]
Structural change ; Economic growth ; Economic structure ; Frameworks ; Case studies ; Agricultural productivity ; Trade liberalization ; Gross national product ; Manufacturing ; Trade policies ; Industrialization ; Human capital ; Labour market ; Unemployment ; Government policy ; Private sector ; Tariffs ; Constraints ; Political aspects ; Social change ; Transformation ; Households ; Developing countries ; Urbanization / India / Vietnam / Botswana / Ghana / Nigeria / Zambia / Brazil / Gujarat / Maharashtra
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.9 G000 MCM Record No: H049061)
https://www.ifpri.org/cdmref/p15738coll2/id/131168/filename/131379.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049061.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049061.pdf
(4.12 MB) (4.12 MB)
16 Dorai, K.; Hall, A.; Dijkman, J. 2015. Strategic study of good practice in AR4D [Agricultural Research for Development] partnership. Rome, Italy: CGIAR Independent Science and Partnership Council (ISPC). 111p.
Agricultural research for development ; Good practices ; Strategy planning ; International organizations ; CGIAR ; Research programmes ; Multi-stakeholder processes ; Innovation platforms ; Agricultural innovation systems ; Partnerships ; Frameworks ; Policies ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Monitoring and evaluation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049065)
https://ispc.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/ISPC_StrategicStudy_Partnerships.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049065.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049065.pdf
(1.51 MB) (1.51 MB)
17 United Nations. Inter-agency Task Force on Financing for Development. 2019. Financing for sustainable development report 2019. Report of the Inter-agency Task Force on Financing for Development. New York, NY, USA: United Nations. 208p.
Sustainable Development Goals ; Financing ; Frameworks ; Economic growth ; Macroeconomics ; International trade ; Trade agreements ; International cooperation ; South-South cooperation ; Climate change ; Strategies ; Investment ; Remittances ; Fiscal policies ; Taxes ; Capital market ; Development banks ; Private enterprises ; Debt ; Lending ; Regulations ; Corporate culture ; Technological changes ; Innovation ; Data ; Monitoring ; Capacity building ; Labour market ; Employment ; Disaster risk reduction
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049177)
https://developmentfinance.un.org/sites/developmentfinance.un.org/files/FSDR2019.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049177.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049177.pdf
(7.26 MB) (7.26 MB)
18 Gimelli, F. M.; Rogers, B. C.; Bos, J. J. 2019. Linking water services and human well-being through the fundamental human needs framework: the case of India. Water Alternatives, 12(2):715-733.
Water supply ; Living standards ; Basic needs ; Frameworks ; Informal settlements ; Urban areas ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Water resources development ; Social aspects ; Case studies / India / Faridabad / Delhi / Mumbai
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049243)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/volume-12/v12issue2/524-a12-2-7/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049243.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049243.pdf
(0.34 MB) (340 KB)
Although the focus of water development in urban informal settlements has traditionally been on improving public health, development scholarship increasingly emphasises the relationship between water services and multiple dimensions of human well-being. Nevertheless, how well-being is defined in the literature remains unclear, leaving questions about what dimensions of it are to be fostered through water service development. In this paper, we argue that prominent interpretations of well-being in the water sector do not adequately represent the range of impacts of water services on the ability of informal settlers to meet their needs beyond survival. To address this gap, we make the case for the adoption of Max-Neef’s (1992) Fundamental Human Needs (FHN) framework in the water sector, which we show to present a clear, holistic and dynamic understanding of well-being. Through a case study of water service arrangements across six informal settlements in the Indian cities of Faridabad, Delhi and Mumbai, we illustrate how using the FHN framework uncovers potential pathways by which water service development can satisfy a broad range of fundamental human needs. Applying the FHN framework to these settings leads us to argue that: 1) water services should be linked to people’s aspirations as well as to their basic physical needs; 2) cultivating well-being has both intrinsic and instrumental benefits that enable individuals to become more resilient; 3) water services should be better linked with other development sectors; and 4) non-traditional water service arrangements should be re-evaluated according to their capacity to contribute to people’s well-being.
19 Duncan, A. E.; de Vries, N.; Nyarko, K. B. 2019. The effectiveness of water resources management in Pra Basin. Water Policy, 21(4):787-805. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.123]
Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Reforms ; Water policy ; Water supply ; Water use ; Water quality ; Stakeholders ; Institutions ; Frameworks ; Assessment ; Uncertainty ; River basins ; Conflicts / Ghana / Pra Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049278)
(0.45 MB)
Integrated water resources management (IWRM) has been criticized yet it is the dominant approach to water resources management in developing countries. The criticism emanates from the manifold unfounded assumptions made during implementation on issues such as availability of technology and infrastructure, privatization and sustainable financing, human resource capacity, government interference, etc. The Pra Basin has been implementing IWRM since 2011. The basin houses nine out of the 17 artificial reservoirs constructed in Ghana for drinking water supply. It is therefore prudent that the basin's water resources are given extra management care to ensure sustainable water quality and quantity for growth and development. However, much uncertainty still exists about whether the best water management system is being practiced, whether the system is working well, or needs improvement. This study examines the effectiveness of water resources management in the Pra Basin of Ghana. This study used interviews, field observations, and documents such as Pra Basin IWRM plan, the national IWRM plan, etc., to assess the effectiveness of IWRM in the Pra Basin. The result of the study showed that IWRM although appropriate for the basin had implementation gaps. These gaps are potential contributors to deteriorating water quality
20 Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Drechsel, Pay; Keraita, B.; Fernando, Sudarshana; Hanjra, M. A. 2019. Guidelines and regulations for fecal sludge management from on-site sanitation facilities. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 57p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 14) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2019.211]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Faecal sludge ; Sanitation ; Guidelines ; Regulations ; Standards ; Policies ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Frameworks ; Technology ; Waste disposal ; Waste treatment ; Pit latrines ; Septic tanks ; Transport ; Operating costs ; Public health ; Excreta ; Pathogens ; Aquaculture ; Pollutants ; Heavy metals ; Microplastics ; Soil conditioners ; Sewage sludge ; Organic fertilizers ; Composting ; Energy generation ; Fuels ; Environmental protection ; Occupational hazards ; Land use ; Urban areas ; Households ; Stakeholders ; Institutions ; Governmental organizations ; European Union / USA / Canada / Australia / India / Malaysia / Philippines / Vietnam / Bangladesh / Zambia / Ghana / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049291)
(1.05 MB)
In low- and middle-income countries, the management of fecal sludge from on-site sanitation systems has received little attention over many decades, resulting in insufficient or missing regulations to guide investments and management options. To address this gap, this report examines existing and emerging guidelines and regulations for fecal sludge management (FSM) along the sanitation service chain (user interface, containment, emptying, transport, treatment, valorization, reuse or disposal). It also draws empirical examples from guidelines across the globe to support policy-makers, planners, and sanitation and health officers, as well as consultants in low- and middle-income countries in the development and design of local and national FSM guidelines and regulations.
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