Your search found 33 records
1 Gupta, Mahima; Ravindra, V.; Palrecha, A. 2016. Wastewater irrigation in Karnataka: an exploration. IWMI-Tata Water Policy Research Highlight, 4. 8p.
Wastewater irrigation ; Urban areas ; Urban wastes ; Urban farmers ; Waste water treatment plants ; Sewage ; Vegetables ; Health hazards / India / Karnataka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047457)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/iwmi-tata/PDFs/iwmi-tata_water_policy_research_highlight-issue_04_2016.pdf
(817 KB)
2 Amerasinghe, Priyanie; Sonkamble, S.; Jampani, Mahesh; Wajihuddin, Md.; Lakshmanan, E.; Starkl, M.; Sarah, S.; Fahimuddin, Md.; Ahmed, S. 2015. Developing integrated management plans for natural treatment systems in urbanised areas: case studies from Hyderabad and Chennai. In Wintgens. T.; Nattorp, A.; Elango, L.; Asolekar, S. R. (Eds.). Natural water treatment systems for safe and sustainable water supply in the Indian context: Saph Pani, London, UK: IWA Publishing. pp. 251-264.
Integrated management ; Urban areas ; Waste water treatment plants ; Pollution prevention ; Sanitation ; Water supply ; Water quality ; Sewerage ; Waste management ; Drinking water treatment ; Lakes ; Urban wastes ; Wetlands ; Ponds ; Dams ; Stakeholders ; Contamination ; Case studies / India / Hyderabad / Chennai
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047551)
https://zenodo.org/record/61088/files/9781780408392_15.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047551.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047551.pdf
(1.9 MB)
3 Mayer, B. K.; Baker, L. A.; Boyer, T. H.; Drechsel, Pay; Gifford, M.; Hanjra, Munir A. 2016. Total value of phosphorus recovery. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(13):6606-6620. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01239]
Resource recovery ; Phosphorus ; Renewable energy ; Food production ; Food security ; Waste water treatment plants ; Eutrophication ; Water pollution ; Water reuse ; Water quality ; Heavy metals ; Minerals ; Social aspects ; Equity ; Fertilizers ; Environmental effects ; Urban wastes
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047624)
(3.33 MB)
Phosphorus (P) is a critical, geographically concentrated, nonrenewable resource necessary to support global food production. In excess (e.g., due to runoff or wastewater discharges), P is also a primary cause of eutrophication. To reconcile the simultaneous shortage and overabundance of P, lost P flows must be recovered and reused, alongside improvements in P-use efficiency. While this motivation is increasingly being recognized, little P recovery is practiced today, as recovered P generally cannot compete with the relatively low cost of mined P. Therefore, P is often captured to prevent its release into the environment without beneficial recovery and reuse. However, additional incentives for P recovery emerge when accounting for the total value of P recovery. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the range of benefits of recovering P from waste streams, i.e., the total value of recovering P. This approach accounts for P products, as well as other assets that are associated with P and can be recovered in parallel, such as energy, nitrogen, metals and minerals, and water. Additionally, P recovery provides valuable services to society and the environment by protecting and improving environmental quality, enhancing efficiency of waste treatment facilities, and improving food security and social equity. The needs to make P recovery a reality are also discussed, including business models, bottlenecks, and policy and education strategies.
4 van Rensburg, P. 2016. Overcoming global water reuse barriers: the Windhoek experience. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 32(4):622-636. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1129319]
Water reuse ; Drinking water ; Water supply ; Water scarcity ; Waste water treatment plants ; Water quality ; Water policy ; Domestic water ; Health hazards ; Regulations ; Technological changes ; Public opinion ; Economic aspects / Namibia / Windhoek / Goreangab Water Reclamation Plant
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047742)
(1.29 MB)
Water scarcity is a reality, with a recent UN report estimating that about half of the global population could be facing water shortages by 2030. This has focused attention on existing sources and what could be done to maximize potential. Water reuse, in particular direct potable reuse (DPR), has enjoyed a somewhat turbulent history globally. Despite this, the City of Windhoek has been practising DPR for more than 45 years, and this commentary presents globally accepted barriers standing in the way of DPR and attempts to explore ways to overcome these given the experience in Windhoek.
5 Rao, Krishna C.; Kvarnstrom, E.; Di Mario, L.; Drechsel, Pay. 2016. Business models for fecal sludge management. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 80p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 06) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2016.213]
Faecal sludge ; Resource management ; Resource recovery ; Recycling ; Business management ; Models ; Waste disposal ; Desludging ; Dumping ; Sewerage ; Waste treatment ; Waste water treatment plants ; Solid wastes ; Pollution ; Composts ; Public health ; Sanitation ; Latrines ; Defaecation ; Stakeholders ; Finance ; Cost recovery ; Energy recovery ; Biogas ; Organic fertilizers ; Private enterprises ; Institutions ; Partnerships ; Licences ; Regulations ; Transport ; Septic tanks ; Nutrients ; Taxes ; Farmers ; Urban areas ; Landscape ; Household ; Incentives ; Case studies / Asia / Africa / Latin America / South Africa / Kenya / India / Rwanda / Nepal / Philippines / Lesotho / Bangladesh / Mozambique / Ghana / Senegal / Benin / Sierra Leone / Malaysia / Ethiopia / Vietnam / Mali / Sri Lanka / Burkina Faso / Peru / Haiti / Dakar / Nairobi / Maseru / Accra / Tamale / Addis Ababa / Eastern Cape / Maputo / Dhaka / Ho Chi Minh City / Hai Phong / Dumaguete / Mombasa / Kisumu / San Fernando / Bamako / Cotonou / Ouagadougou / Kigali / Bangalore / Dharwad / Balangoda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047826)
(4.75 MB)
On-site sanitation systems, such as septic tanks and pit latrines, are the predominant feature across rural and urban areas in most developing countries. However, their management is one of the most neglected sanitation challenges. While under the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the set-up of toilet systems received the most attention, business models for the sanitation service chain, including pit desludging, sludge transport, treatment and disposal or resource recovery, are only emerging. Based on the analysis of over 40 fecal sludge management (FSM) cases from Asia, Africa and Latin America, this report shows opportunities as well as bottlenecks that FSM is facing from an institutional and entrepreneurial perspective.
6 Bharati, Luna; Sharma, Bharat R.; Smakhtin, Vladimir. (Eds.) 2016. The Ganges River Basin: status and challenges in water, environment and livelihoods. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. 327p. (Earthscan Series on Major River Basins of the World)
River basin management ; Water resources ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater table ; Aquifers ; Surface water ; International waters ; International cooperation ; Sustainable agriculture ; Agricultural production ; Water use ; Agricultural practices ; Intensification ; Investment ; Water policy ; Climate change ; Flooding ; Drought ; Forecasting ; Water productivity ; Energy resources ; Water power ; Water accounting ; Irrigated land ; Water demand ; Environmental flows ; Ecosystem services ; Freshwater ; Species ; Biodiversity conservation ; Hydrometeorology ; Models ; Hydrogeology ; Groundwater pollution ; Arsenic ; Contamination ; Water quality ; Food chains ; Public health ; Waste water treatment plants ; Institutional development ; Water governance ; Socioeconomic environment ; Living standards ; Rural poverty ; Equity ; Land ownership ; Gender ; Migrant labour ; Women farmers ; Remuneration ; Villages ; Highlands ; Deltas ; Riparian zones / India / Nepal / Bangladesh / Ganges River Basin / Himalayan Region / Gangetic Plains / Bihar / West Bengal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047808)
(0.41 MB)
7 Scott, C. A.; Crootof, A. B.; Thapa, B.; Shrestha, R. K. 2016. The water-energy-food nexus in the Ganges Basin: challenges and opportunities. In Bharati, Luna; Sharma, Bharat R.; Smakhtin, Vladimir (Eds.). The Ganges River Basin: status and challenges in water, environment and livelihoods. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.138-153. (Earthscan Series on Major River Basins of the World)
Water resources ; Energy generation ; Water power ; Food security ; Groundwater ; Irrigation programs ; Electricity generation ; Electricity supplies ; Waste water treatment plants ; Institutions ; Financing ; Urban areas ; River basins ; Case studies / Nepal / India / Ganges River Basin / Kathmandu Valley / Gangetic Plains / Andhikhola Hydropower Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047842)
8 Khadse, G. K.; Patni, P. M.; Labhasetwar, P. K. 2015. Removal of iron and manganese from drinking water supply. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 1(2):157-165. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-015-0017-4]
Drinking water ; Waste water treatment plants ; Water supply ; Water quality ; Iron ; Manganese ; Filtration ; Maintenance ; Odour abatement ; Chlorine ; Potassium permanganate ; Chemicophysical properties ; pH ; Lakes / India / Nagpur / Hingna / Ambazari Lake
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047973)
(0.62 MB)
The water treatment plant at the Hingna industrial area receives raw water from Ambazari Lake and supplies drinking water to industrial area, after conventional treatment. The treated water was found to have a pungent odour and yellow colour, which in turn changed from a brown to black precipitate. The water becomes aesthetically unacceptable to consumers. It was observed that a blackish precipitate formation was due to the presence of iron and manganese in lake water, which was not completely removed during treatment. To remove iron and manganese from drinking water, treatment studies were carried out with chlorine and KMnO4 as oxidants. Alum and lime were added for coagulation and pH correction. Jar test studies revealed that treatment with potassium permanganate at pH 7.7–8.0 was effective in the removal of iron, manganese and organics, which were responsible for causing colour and odour to water. The studies helped in improvements in water quality for safe drinking water supply.
9 Arceivala, S. J.; Asolekar, S. R. 2007. Wastewater treatment for pollution control and reuse. 3rd ed. New Delhi, India: McGraw-Hill Education. 518p.
Wastewater Management ; Waste water treatment plants ; Pollution control ; Ecosystem approaches ; Waste disposal ; Environmental impact assessment ; Urban wastes ; Solid wastes ; Slums ; Sewerage ; Sanitation ; Mechanical methods ; Aerobic treatment ; Bioreactors ; Biological treatment of pollutants ; Sludge treatment ; Anaerobic treatment ; Physicochemical treatment ; Membrane processes ; Aerated lagoons ; Stabilization ponds ; Fish ponds ; Hyacinthus ; Duckweed ; Constructed wetlands ; Vermiculture ; Algal growth ; Oxygen requirement ; Phosphorus removal ; Nitrification ; Denitrification ; Wastewater irrigation ; Irrigation systems ; Soil properties ; Agriculture ; Water reuse ; Industrial uses ; Water conservation ; Groundwater recharge ; Water supply ; Public distribution system ; Resource recovery ; Sustainability ; Planning ; Guidelines / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 628.3 G000 ARC Record No: H047990)
(0.67 MB)
10 Otoo, Miriam; Fernando, Sudarshana; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Aheeyar, Mohamed; Madurangi, Ganesha. 2016. Opportunities for sustainable municipal solid waste management services in Batticaloa: business strategies for improved resource recovery. [Project report submitted to United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) as a part of the research project on Opportunities for Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Services in Batticaloa: Business Strategies for Improved Rresource Recovery and Reuse] Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 71p.
Urban wastes ; Waste management ; Solid wastes ; Resource recovery ; Composting ; Local authorities ; Health hazards ; Waste water treatment plants ; Organic wastes ; Waste disposal ; Urban wastes ; Food wastes ; Curing ; Business management ; Market economics ; Assessment ; Farmer participation ; Organic fertilizers ; Nutrients ; Cost recovery ; Financial situation ; Profitability ; Price fixing ; Capacity building ; Training / Sri Lanka / Batticaloa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048062)
(4.41 MB)
11 Otoo, Miriam; Rao, Krishna; Taron, Avinandan. 2015. Synthesis report on feasibility assessment for the implementation of RRR [resource recovery and reuse] business models proposed for Kampala. Report output of a part of Resource Recovery and Reuse project: from research to implementation. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 73p.
Resource recovery ; Feasibility studies ; Assessment ; Business management ; Market structure ; Environmental health ; Environmental impact assessment ; Risk assessment ; Urban wastes ; Solid wastes ; liquid wastes ; Waste management ; Waste disposal ; Wastewater irrigation ; Waste water treatment plants ; Health hazards ; Sanitation ; Faecal sludge ; Nutrients ; Organic fertilizers ; Soil conditioners ; State intervention ; Economic aspects ; Industrial wastes ; Briquettes ; Energy generation ; Cost recovery ; Composting ; Economic analysis / Uganda / Kampala
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048064)
(1.66 MB)
12 Akoto, O.; Gyamfi, O.; Darko, G.; Barnes, V. R. 2017. Changes in water quality in the Owabi Water Treatment Plant in Ghana. Applied Water Science, 7(1):175-186. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-014-0232-4]
Water quality ; Waste water treatment plants ; Drinking water ; Water pollution ; Health hazards ; Chemicophysical properties ; Nutrients ; Bacteriological analysis ; Faecal coliforms ; Contamination ; WHO ; Guidelines ; Correlation analysis ; Reservoirs ; Heavy metals / Ghana / Kumasi / Owabi Water Treatment Plant
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048096)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13201-014-0232-4.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048096.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048096.pdf
(0.47 MB) (480 KB)
The study was conducted on the status of the quality of water from the Owabi water treatment plant that supplies drinking water to Kumasi, a major city in Ghana, to ascertain the change in quality of water from source to point-of-use. Physico-chemical, bacteriological water quality parameters and trace metal concentration of water samples from five different treatment points from the Owabi water treatment plant were investigated. The raw water was moderately hard with high turbidity and colour that exceeds the WHO guideline limits. Nutrient concentrations were of the following order: NH3\NO2 -\- NO3 -\PO4 3-\SO4 2- and were all below WHO permissible level for drinking water in all the samples at different stages of treatment. Trace metal concentrations of the reservoir were all below WHO limit except chromium (0.06 mg/L) and copper (0.24 mg/L). The bacteriological study showed that the raw water had total coliform (1,766 cfu/100 mL) and faecal coliform (257 cfu/100 mL) that exceeded the WHO standard limits, rendering it unsafe for domestic purposes without treatment. Colour showed strong positive correlation with turbidity (r = 0.730), TSS (r C 0.922) and alkalinity (0.564) significant at p\0.01. The quality of the treated water indicates that colour, turbidity, Cr and Cu levels reduced and fall within the WHO permissible limit for drinking water. Treatment process at the water treatment plant is adjudged to be good.
13 Sari, M. D. K.; Kristensen, G. H.; Andersen, M.; Ducheyne, A. A. M.; Lee, W. A. 2017. Water-reuse Risk Assessment Program (WRAP): a refinery case study. Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination, 7(2):162-174. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2016.175]
Water reuse ; Risk assessment ; Waste water treatment plants ; Water quality control ; Monitoring techniques ; HACCP ; Strategies ; Models ; Pollutants ; Chemicophysical properties ; Case studies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048126)
(0.34 MB) (348 KB)
The key approach to manage and prevent potential hazards arising from specific contaminants in water networks is to consider water as the main product delivered. This new concept, addressed as water-reuse risk assessment program (WRAP), has been further developed from hazard analysis of critical control points (HACCP) to illustrate the potential hazards which are the roots of hindering intra-facility water reuse strategies. For industrial sectors applying water reclamation and reuse schemes, it is paramount that the reclaimed water quality stays within the desired quality. The objective of WRAP is to establish a new methodology and knowledge, which will contribute to the sustainable development of industrial water management, and demonstrate its capabilities in identifying and addressing any potential hazards in the selected schemes adoption by the industries. A ‘what-if’ scenario was simulated using a refinery as a case study to show strategies on how to benefit reclaimed or reuse water based on reliable, applied and scientific research within the process integration area. In conclusion, the WRAP model will facilitate operators, consultants and decision makers to reuse water on a fit-for-use basis whilst avoiding contaminant accumulation in the overall system and production of sub-quality products from inadequate processes after several reuses.
14 Mishra, B. K.; Regmi, R. K.; Masago, Y.; Fukushi, K.; Kumar, P.; Saraswat, C. 2017. Assessment of Bagmati River pollution in Kathmandu Valley: scenario-based modeling and analysis for sustainable urban development. Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology, 9-10:67-77. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.swaqe.2017.06.001]
Rivers ; Water pollution ; Sustainability ; Urban development ; Hydrology ; Models ; Performance evaluation ; Stream flow ; Water quality ; Assessment ; Wastewater management ; Waste water treatment plants ; Chemicophysical properties ; Pollutant load ; Dissolved oxygen / Nepal / Kathmandu Valley / Bagmati River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048440)
(1.29 MB)
Water pollution remains a challenging issue for the sustainable development of Kathmandu Valley despite several infrastructural, awareness-raising and policy measures. The paper assesses the sustainability of the surface water resources of Kathmandu valley by analyzing the water quality parameters such as Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). The case study of Bagmati River pollution is analyzed for current and future wastewater production and treatment scenario based on the two important indicators of aquatic health. The DO and BOD were simulated to assess river pollution along a 25 km stretch between Sundarijal and Chovar. Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) model was used to simulate the current (year 2014) and future (year 2020 and 2030) river water quality conditions. The results showed that the water quality of the Bagmati River is relatively better during monsoon season due to higher river flow in comparison to the dry season. A comparison of simulated DO and BOD values for 2020 and 2030 with 2014 values indicated that the water quality of the Bagmati River within Kathmandu Valley will not significantly improve as a result of the planned wastewater treatment plants requiring additional countermeasures. The study pointed out the inefficiencies of the current practice of discharging untreated sewage into the surface water and causing largely in the river water and unsuitability of river water of water from the Gaurighat to the Chovar area. It is recommended to integrate river water pollution management and maintain ecologically to achieve the healthy urban development.
15 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Qadir, M.; Drechsel, Pay; Hanjra, M. A. 2017. Aspectos economicos e institucionales en la reutilizacion de aguas y ejemplos en America Latina y el Caribe. In Spanish. [Economic and institutional aspects of water reuse and examples in Latin America and the Caribbean]. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier (Ed.). Reutilizacion de aguas para agricultura en America Latina y el Caribe: estado, principios y necesidades. Santiago, Chile: FAO. pp.43-55.
Waste water treatment plants ; Water reuse ; Economic aspects ; Corporate culture ; Project evaluation ; Cost benefit analysis ; Investment ; Budgets ; Strategies ; Political aspects ; Case studies ; Urban areas / Latin America / Caribbean / Chile / Peru
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048426)
(0.88 MB) (8.55 MB)
16 Reddy, V. R. 2018. Techno-institutional models for managing water quality in rural areas: case studies from Andhra Pradesh, India. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 34(1):97-115. (Special issue: Politics and Policies for Water Resources Management in India). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1218755]
Water management ; Drinking water ; Water quality ; Institutional development ; Agencies ; Appropriate technology ; Models ; Rural areas ; Water supply ; Public-private cooperation ; Waste water treatment plants ; Economic aspects ; Benefit-cost ratio ; Villages ; Case studies / India / Andhra Pradesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048475)
(1.32 MB)
This article examines the rationale, technologies, economics and institutional modalities in water quality management operations to draw lessons for designing policies for sustainable service delivery at scale. While the rationale for providing potable drinking water at affordable prices is clear, their economic viability is weak given their present scale of operations. There is a need for institutional safeguards for selection of deserving villages and water quality monitoring. It is argued that public–private–community partnerships are economically viable and sustainable. Adopting appropriate technologies could help with addressing the water quality issues in a more comprehensive manner.
17 Drechsel, Pay; Hanjra, Munir A. (Eds.) 2018. Wastewater for agriculture, forestry and aquaculture - Section iv. In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.548-774.
Wastewater treatment ; Wastewater irrigation ; Agriculture ; Forestry ; Aquaculture ; Business models ; Resource recovery ; Cost recovery ; Supply chain ; Wood production ; Fruit products ; Water reuse ; Composting ; Industrial wastewater ; Market economies ; Sewage sludge ; Household wastes ; Solid wastes ; Sanitation ; State intervention ; Waste water treatment plants ; Socioeconomic environment ; Environmental impact assessment ; Suburban areas ; Household wastes ; Deserts ; Arid regions ; Semiarid zones ; Risk reduction ; Fish feeding ; Public-private cooperation ; Partnerships ; Municipal wastes ; Hydropower ; Greenhouse gases ; Emission reduction ; Carbon dioxide ; Health hazards ; Private sector ; Private investment ; Freshwater ; Farmers ; Domestic water ; Deltas ; Urban areas ; Downstream ; Aquifers ; Case studies / Egypt / Tunisia / Morocco / Bangladesh / Ghana / Jordan / Iran / Spain / Mexico / India / Cairo / Ouardanine / Monastir / Mirzapure / Kumasi / Amman / Mashhad / Barcelona / Bangalore / Llobregat Delta
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048676)
(6.99 MB)
18 Drechsel, Pay; Hanjra, Munir A. 2018. Wastewater and biosolids for fruit trees (Tunisia) - Case Study. In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.569-583.
Wastewater treatment ; Solid wastes ; Fruit products ; Household wastes ; Sanitation ; Water reuse ; Cost recovery ; Market economies ; Business models ; Resource recovery ; Supply chain ; Waste water treatment plants ; Health hazards ; Environmental impact ; Case studies / Tunisia / Monastir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048678)
(1.37 MB)
19 Drechsel, Pay; Hanjra, Munir A. 2018. Suburban wastewater treatment designed for reuse and replication (Morocco) - Case Study. In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.584-594.
Wastewater treatment ; Waste water treatment plants ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water reuse ; Suburban areas ; Household wastes ; Organic fertilizers ; Market economies ; Business models ; Supply chain ; Environmental impact ; Case studies / Morocco / Drarga / Agadir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048679)
(0.98 MB)
20 Amoah, Philip; Muspratt, A.; Drechsel, Pay; Otoo, Miriam. 2018. A public-private partnership linking wastewater treatment and aquaculture (Ghana) - Case Study. In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.617-630.
Public-private cooperation ; Partnerships ; Wastewater treatment ; Aquaculture ; Municipal wastes ; Sanitation ; Waste water treatment plants ; Fish culture ; Market economies ; Business models ; Business enterprises ; Supply chain ; Socioeconomic environment ; Case studies / Ghana / Kumasi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048682)
(1.42 MB)
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